|
Zbigniew Załuski
Zbigniew Załuski (31 July 1926 in Kivertsi, Second Polish Republic – 5 March 1978 in Warsaw, People's Republic of Poland) was a Polish army officer, writer and Member of Parliament. Life and military career A native of the Volhynian Voivodeship (1921–1939), Wołyń Voivodeship, he was Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union#Deportations from border territories in 1939.E2.80.931941, exiled to Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Kazakhstan in 1940, soon after the Soviet invasion of Poland, Soviet invasion. After joining the Polish Armed Forces in the East, Polish People's Army in 1944, he participated in the Battles for Battle of Kolberg (1945), Kolberg and Battle of Berlin, Berlin. Załuski joined the Polish Workers' Party and attended the Academy for Political Education Officers, eventually reaching the rank of Colonel as a political officer (military), political officer. He had a long journalistic career, mainly as an editor in the magazine ''Wojsko Ludowe'' (''People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kivertsi
Kivertsi (, ; ) is a city in Volyn Oblast, in north-western Ukraine. It is the capital (political), administrative center of Kivertsi urban hromada. Total area is 848,200 ha. Population is It is located in the historic region of Volhynia, 12 km northeast from the city of Lutsk, the regional center. The city has 3 artificial reservoirs (lake Molodizhne, with the area of 1.25 hectares, and two little lakes with an area of 1 ha each), the Prudnik River is passing through. On all sides, the city is surrounded by forests. Within the city, there is 171.7 hectares of forested land. Emblem The Emblem of Kivertsi – a square divided horizontally into two parts. On the upper side of the white part there's a running red squirrel, the lower side is divided into three vertical stripes of equal width – green, yellow and green. Origin of the name Historians associate the name Kivertsi with the name of an ancient tribe called Tivertsi that lived on the banks of the Dniester, Dniester ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Berlin
The Battle of Berlin, designated as the Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviet Union, and also known as the Fall of Berlin, was one of the last major offensives of the European theatre of World War II. After the Vistula–Oder Offensive of January–February 1945, the Red Army had temporarily halted on a line east of Berlin. On 9 March, Germany established its defence plan for the city with Operation Clausewitz. The first defensive preparations at the outskirts of Berlin were made on 20 March, under the newly appointed commander of Army Group Vistula, General Gotthard Heinrici. When the Soviet offensive resumed on 16 April, two Soviet fronts (army groups) attacked Berlin from the east and south, while a third overran German forces positioned north of Berlin. Before the main battle in Berlin commenced, the Red Army encircled the city after successful battles of the Seelow Heights and Halbe. On 20 April 1945, Hitler's birthday, the 1st Belorussian Front ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Banner Of Labour
The Order of the Banner of Labour () was a governmental award in Poland during the 20th-century era of the Polish People's Republic, a former Marxist-Leninist state. The order was established by the Sejm (a chamber of the Polish parliament) on 2 July 1949. It was given in recognition of "unique achievements for the Nation and the Country". In 1960 the criteria for receiving this award were changed to "special achievements for building socialism in the Polish People's Republic". The Order was also awarded to institutions and was automatically awarded to miners after 20 years of dedicated labor. See also *Order of the Builders of People's Poland *Order of the Red Banner The Order of the Red Banner () was the first Soviet military decoration. The Order was established on 16 September 1918, during the Russian Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. It was the highest award of S ... References 1949 establishments in Poland 1992 disestablish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soldiers Of Freedom
''Soldiers of Freedom'' () is a four-part 1977 film epic directed by Yuri Ozerov and starring Mikhail Ulyanov, Yevgeny Matveyev, Vasily Lanovoy. It is a World War II historical drama and the sequel to 1970-71's '' Liberation''. Plot The film reflects the following events of World War II: the capitulation of Friedrich Paulus's Sixth Army as a result of the failed assault on Stalingrad during Operation Blue in 1942; the preparation for revolt in Slovakia; negotiations of the Polish communists with Władysław Sikorski's government over their joint struggle against fascism; the creation of a National Committee of the Domestic Front in Bulgaria and preparation by underground workers-communists for armed revolt; expansion of the guerrilla (partisan) movement; the failure of a German attempt to destroy People's Liberation Army of Josip Broz Tito; one of the largest military operations, Bagration; the beginning of the liberation of Poland; creation of the Polish National Governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberation (film Series)
''Liberation'' (, Transliteration, translit. Osvobozhdenie, , ) is a film series released in 1970 and 1971, directed by Yuri Ozerov (director), Yuri Ozerov and shot in wide-format NIKFI process (70 mm). The script was written by Yuri Bondarev and Oscar Kurganov. The series was a Soviet-Polish-East German-Italian-Yugoslav co-production. The films are a dramatized account of the liberation of the Soviet Union's territory and the subsequent defeat of Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War, focusing on five major Eastern Front campaigns: the Battle of Kursk, the Lower Dnieper Offensive, Operation Bagration, the Vistula–Oder Offensive, and the Battle of Berlin. Plot Film I: ''The Fire Bulge'' After the Soviets are alerted to the Battle of Kursk, imminent German offensive in Kursk, they launch a preemptive artillery strike, delaying the enemy. The battalion of Lieutenant Colonel Lukin – led by officers Tzvetaev, Orlov, and Maximov – participates in the battle, as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Writers' Union
The Polish Writers' Union or the Union of Polish Writers (, ZLP) was established at a meeting of Polish writers and activists in Lublin behind the Soviet front line, during the liberation of Poland by the Red Army in 1944. Its initial name (Professional Union of Polish Writers) came from the similar organization formed in 1920 by renowned Polish novelist Stefan Żeromski, called ''Związek Zawodowy Literatów Polskich'' which was deactivated during World War II. The name was shortened to Polish Writers' Union at the 1949 conference in Szczecin, in order to reflect the new government-imposed policy of Socialist realism in Poland advanced by the Polish communist party of that period. In the following years, the two official organs of ZLP were ''Twórczość'' monthly and the weekly ''Nowa Kultura''. After the socialist revolution of 1956 the Union became less of a political arm of the United Workers' Party, and more of a true writers' organization devoted to creative output an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Soviet Friendship Society
The Polish–Soviet Friendship Society () was a Polish organisation founded in 1944. It was a vehicle for organized propaganda, like the celebration of anniversaries of the October Revolution, trips to the Soviet Union, exchange programs, promotion of Soviet culture, technology, books or movies as well as festivals of Soviet songs for amateurs. Up until the 1980s it had over 3 million members, mainly through pressuring students and government employees to enlist. In 1991, after the fall of the Soviet Union, the organisation was renamed to Stowarzyszenie Polska–Rosja ( Polish-Russian Association). Presidents of the TPPR * 1944–1945 Józef Wasowski * 1945–1950 Henryk Świątkowski * 1950–1952 Edward Ochab * 1952–1955 Józef Cyrankiewicz * 1955–1957 Stefan Ignar * 1957–1974 Czesław Wycech * 1974–1980 Jan Szydlak * 1980–1987 Stanisław Wroński * 1987–1991 Henryk Bednarski In 1983, a committee on the 'brotherhood of arms' between the People's Republic of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish United Workers Party
The Polish United Workers' Party (, ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other legally permitted subordinate minor parties together as the Front of National Unity and later Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth. Ideologically, it was based on the theories of Marxism-Leninism, with a strong emphasis on left-wing nationalism. The Polish United Workers' Party had total control over public institutions in the country as well as the Polish People's Army, the UB and SB security agencies, the Citizens' Militia (MO) police force and the media. The falsified 1947 Polish legislative election granted the Communist Polish Workers' Party (PPR) complete political authority in post-war Poland. The PZPR was founded forthwith in December 1948 through the unification of the PPR and the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). From 1952 onward, the position of "First Secretary" of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm
The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People's Republic, transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate of Poland, Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland known as Parliament of Poland#National Assembly, National Assembly (). The Sejm comprises 460 Member of parliament, deputies (singular or ) elected every four years by Universal suffrage, universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a Speaker of parliament, speaker, the "Marshal of the Sejm" (). In the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland, the term ''Sejm'' referred to an entire two-Chambers of parliament, chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies (), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament. The 1573 Henrician Articles strengthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
