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Vibhaṅga
The () is a Buddhist scripture, part of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism, where it is included in the Abhidhamma Pitaka. One known English translation is contained in ''The Book of Analysis'', first published in 1969.tr U Thittila, 1969/1988, Pali Text Society Bristol The book has eighteen chapters, and each deals with a particular topic: # aggregate ('' khandha'') # sense bases ('''') # elements (''dhātu'') # (''sacca'') # facult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satipatthana
''Satipatthana'' (; ) is a central practice in the Buddha's teachings, meaning "the establishment of mindfulness" or "presence of mindfulness", or alternatively "foundations of mindfulness", aiding the development of a wholesome state of mind. In Theravada Buddhism, applying mindful attention to four domains, the body, feelings, the mind, and key principles or categories of the Buddha's teaching ( ''dhammās''), is thought to aid the elimination of the five hindrances and the development of the seven aspects of wakefulness. The ''Satipatthana Sutta'' is probably the most influential meditation text in modern Theravada Buddhism,Sujato (2012), pp. 1–2. on which the teachings of the Vipassana movement are based. While these teachings are found in all Buddhist traditions, modern Theravada Buddhism and the Vipassana Movement are known especially for promoting the practice of satipaṭṭhāna as developing mindfulness to gain insight into impermanence, thereby reaching a first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thittila
Ashin Thittila or Seṭṭhilābhivaṃsa (; ; ), commonly known as U Thittila, was a Burmese Theravada Buddhist monk, who was also a scholar of Buddhist literature and meditation teacher. He is said to be the first religious worker among the Burmese monks who left for a foreign country to do Buddhist missionary work. He lived for 14 consecutive years in England. He served as a lecturer on the Buddhist philosophy known as Abhidhamma The Theravada Abhidhamma tradition, also known as the Abhidhamma Method, refers to a scholastic systematization of the Theravāda school's understanding of the highest Buddhist teachings ( Abhidhamma). These teachings are traditionally believed ... at the University of Yangon, took part in compiling the Myanmar English Dictionary, Burmese-English dictionary, jointly working with Dr. Hla Pe, and wrote books in English and Burmese. He was the first to translate the Vibhaṅga, the second part of the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka, from Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abhidhamma Pitaka
The Theravada Abhidhamma tradition, also known as the Abhidhamma Method, refers to a scholastic systematization of the Theravada, Theravāda school's understanding of the highest Buddhist teachings (Abhidharma, Abhidhamma). These teachings are traditionally believed to have been taught by the Gautama Buddha, Buddha, though modern scholars date the texts of the ''Abhidhamma Piṭaka'' to the 3rd century BCE. Theravāda traditionally sees itself as the Vibhajyavāda, ''vibhajjavāda'' ("the teaching of analysis"), which reflects the analytical (''vibhajjati'') method used by the Buddha and early Buddhists to investigate the nature of the person and other phenomena. According to Bhikkhu Bodhi, a modern Theravāda scholar, the Abhidhamma Pitaka, Abhidhamma is "simultaneously a philosophy, a psychology and an ethics, all integrated into the framework of a program for liberation."Bodhi (2000), p. 3. There are different textual layers of Abhidhamma literature. The earliest Abhidhamma w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tipitaka
There are several Buddhist canons, which refers to the various scriptural collections of Buddhist texts, Buddhist sacred scriptures or the various Buddhist Scriptural canon, scriptural canons. Tipitaka Encyclopædia Britannica (2015) Some of these collections are also called ''Tipiṭaka'' () or ''Tripiṭaka'' () , meaning "Triple Basket", a traditional term for the three main divisions of some ancient canons. In ancient India, there were several Buddhist scriptural canons that were organized into three main textual divisions: Vinaya (monastic rule), Sutra (which contains teachings of the Buddha) and Abhidharma (which are more systematic and scholastic works). For example, the Pali Canon, ''Pāli Tipiṭaka'' is composed of the ''Vinaya Pitaka, Vinaya Piṭaka'', the ''Sutta Piṭaka'', and the ''Abhidh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sutta Pitaka
Sutta may refer to: *The Pali version of the Sanskrit term Sutra **In Buddhism, a discourse of the Buddha: see Sutra ''Sutra'' ()Monier Williams, ''Sanskrit English Dictionary'', Oxford University Press, Entry fo''sutra'' page 1241 in Indian literary traditions refers to an aphorism or a collection of aphorisms in the form of a manual or, more broadly, a ... and List of suttas ** Sutta Nipata, is a Buddhist scripture ** Sutta Piṭaka, The second of the three divisions of the Tripitaka or Pali Canon *'' Sutta Pazham'', is a 2008 Indian Tamil language adult comedy thriller film *'' Sutta Kadhai'', 2013 Indian Tamil-language black comedy film See also * Sutra (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhamma
Dharma (; , ) is a key concept in various Indian religions. The term ''dharma'' does not have a single, clear translation and conveys a multifaceted idea. Etymologically, it comes from the Sanskrit ''dhr-'', meaning ''to hold'' or ''to support'', thus referring to law that sustains things—from one's life to society, and to the Universe at large. In its most commonly used sense, dharma refers to an individual's moral responsibilities or duties; the dharma of a farmer differs from the dharma of a soldier, thus making the concept of dharma a varying dynamic. As with the other components of the Puruṣārtha, the concept of ''dharma'' is pan-Indian. The antonym of dharma is '' adharma''. In Hinduism, ''dharma'' denotes behaviour that is considered to be in accord with ''Ṛta''—the "order and custom" that makes life and universe possible. This includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and "right way of living" according to the stage of life or social position. ''Dharma'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmavihara
The (sublime attitudes, lit. "abodes of Brahma") is a series of four Buddhist virtues and the meditation practices made to cultivate them. They are also known as the four immeasurables (Pāli: ) or four infinite minds ( Chinese: ). The are: # loving-kindness or benevolence () # compassion () # empathetic joy () # equanimity () According to the '' Metta Sutta'', cultivation of the four immeasurables has the power to cause the practitioner to be reborn into a "Brahma realm" (Pāli: ). Etymology and translations * Pāli: * (sathara brahmavihārā) * , ( Wylie: ) may be parsed as "" and "", which is often rendered into English as "sublime" or "divine abodes". , usually translated as "the immeasurables", means "boundlessness, infinitude, a state that is illimitable". Rhys Davids & Stede, 1921–25, ''Pali-English Dictionary'', Pali Text Society. When developed to a high degree in meditation, these attitudes are said to make the mind "immeasurable" and like the mind of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jhana
In the oldest texts of Buddhism, ''dhyāna'' () or ''jhāna'' () is a component of the training of the mind (''bhavana''), commonly translated as meditation, to withdraw the mind from the automatic responses to sense-impressions and "burn up" the defilements, leading to a "state of perfect equanimity and awareness ('' upekkhā- sati- parisuddhi'')." ''Dhyāna'' may have been the core practice of pre-sectarian Buddhism, in combination with several related practices which together lead to perfected mindfulness and detachment. In the later commentarial tradition, which has survived in present-day Theravāda, ''dhyāna'' is equated with "concentration", a state of one-pointed absorption in which there is a diminished awareness of the surroundings. In the contemporary Theravāda-based Vipassana movement, this absorbed state of mind is regarded as unnecessary and even non-beneficial for the first stage of awakening, which has to be reached by mindfulness of the body and ''vipassan� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noble Eightfold Path
The Noble Eightfold Path () or Eight Right Paths () is an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth, in the form of nirvana. The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right ('meditative absorption or union'; alternatively, equanimous meditative awareness). In early Buddhism, these practices started with understanding that the body-mind works in a corrupted way (right view), followed by entering the Buddhist path of self-observance, self-restraint, and cultivating kindness and compassion; and culminating in or , which reinforces these practices for the development of the body-mind. In later Buddhism, insight () became the central soteriological instrument, leading to a different concept and structure of the path, in which the "goal" of the Buddhist path came to be specified as ending ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bojjhanga
In Buddhism, the Seven Factors of Awakening (Pali: ''satta bojjhagā'' or ''satta sambojjhagā''; Skt.: ''sapta bodhyanga'') are: * Mindfulness ('' sati'', Sanskrit ''smṛti''). To maintain awareness of reality, in particular the teachings (''Dhamma''). * Investigation of the nature of reality (''dhamma vicaya'', Skt. ''dharmapravicaya''). * Energy ('' viriya'', Skt. ''vīrya'') also determination, effort * Joy or rapture (''pīti'', Skt. ''prīti'') * Relaxation or tranquility (''passaddhi'', Skt. prashrabdhi) of both body and mind * Concentration (''samādhi'') a calm, one-pointed state of mind, or "bringing the buried latencies or ''samskaras'' into full view" * Equanimity ('' upekkhā'', Skt. ''upekshā''). To accept reality as-it-is (''yathā-bhuta'') without craving or aversion. This evaluation of seven awakening factors is one of the "Seven Sets" of "Awakening-related states" ('' bodhipakkhiyadhamma''). The Pali word ''bojjhanga'' is a compound of ''bodhi'' ("awakening ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iddhipada
''Iddhipāda'' (Pali; Skt. ''ddhipāda'') is a compound term composed of "power" or "potency" (''iddhi''; ''ddhi'') and "base," "basis" or "constituent" (''pāda''). In Buddhism, the "power" referred to by this compound term is a group of spiritual powers. Thus, this compound term is usually translated along the lines of "base of power" or "base of spiritual power." In the Buddhist pursuit of ''bodhi'' (awakening, understanding) and liberation, the associated spiritual powers are secondary to the four "base" mental qualities that achieve such powers. These four base mental qualities are: concentration on intention; concentration on effort; concentration on consciousness; and, concentration on investigation. These four base mental qualities are used to develop wholesome mental states and rid oneself of unwholesome mental states. In traditional Buddhist literature, this set of four mental qualities is one of the seven sets of qualities lauded by the Buddha as conducive to Enli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
