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Upper Harz Ditches
The Upper Harz Ditches (german: Oberharzer Gräben, ) are hillside ditches, running roughly parallel to the contour lines, that were laid out in the Upper Harz in Germany from the 16th to the 19th centuries to supply water power to the silver mines there. They are an important component of the Upper Harz Water Regale, a historical water system that is now a cultural monument. Design The ditches consist of a trench and an embankment (''Grabenbrust'') next to it, made of spoil piled up when the ditch was excavated. The embankments are frequently protected from erosion by a dry stone wall. In most cases, they also act as inspection paths for the ditch keepers (''Grabenwärter'') and, today, as public footpaths. The ditches are only inclined at about 1–2 ‰ (i.e. about 1 to 2 millimetres per metre). As a result, they run almost parallel to the contour lines of the terrain. As protection against seepage the embankment and bed of the ditch are usually sealed with grass sods o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weirs
A weir or low head dam is a barrier across the width of a river that alters the flow characteristics of water and usually results in a change in the height of the river level. Weirs are also used to control the flow of water for outlets of lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. There are many weir designs, but commonly water flows freely over the top of the weir crest before cascading down to a lower level. Etymology There is no single definition as to what constitutes a weir and one English dictionary simply defines a weir as a small dam, likely originating from Middle English ''were'', Old English ''wer'', derivative of root of ''werian,'' meaning "to defend, dam". Function Commonly, weirs are used to prevent flooding, measure water discharge, and help render rivers more navigable by boat. In some locations, the terms dam and weir are synonymous, but normally there is a clear distinction made between the structures. Usually, a dam is designed specifically to impound water behind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schalke (Harz)
The Schalke is a mountain, , in the Upper Harz in the German state of Lower Saxony. It lies in Goslar district north of Clausthal-Zellerfeld and west of Schulenberg. From 1959 there was a French listening post on the summit, which was supplemented in 1968 by a 64 m high concrete tower. This tower stood empty from 1993 and was demolished on 11 October 2002; the entire facility being removed in September 2003. Other listening posts in the Harz were located on the Wurmberg and the Stöberhai. Towers that still exist include those on the Ravensberg and the Bocksberg, the latter not far from the Schalke. The observation tower, which was about 10.5 m high, stood about 50 metres southeast of the listening post until 2002 and, following the demolition of the latter, was moved back to its original site on the summit. However it only has good views towards the east and south. The view extends from the Brocken past the Wurmberg and Hanskühnenburg to Clausthal-Zellerfeld ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Wheel
A water wheel is a machine for converting the energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel consists of a wheel (usually constructed from wood or metal), with a number of blades or buckets arranged on the outside rim forming the driving car. Water wheels were still in commercial use well into the 20th century but they are no longer in common use. Uses included milling flour in gristmills, grinding wood into pulp for papermaking, hammering wrought iron, machining, ore crushing and pounding fibre for use in the manufacture of cloth. Some water wheels are fed by water from a mill pond, which is formed when a flowing stream is dammed. A channel for the water flowing to or from a water wheel is called a mill race. The race bringing water from the mill pond to the water wheel is a headrace; the one carrying water after it has left the wheel is commonly referred to as a tailrace. Waterwheels were used for various purposes from ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huttaler Widerwaage
The Huttaler Widerwaage is a small reservoir that is a part of the Upper Harz Water Regale, an old mining water management system in the Harz Mountains of Germany that is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The reservoir lies east of the mining town of Clausthal-Zellerfeld. It is designed to feed water from the Huttal river during times of low water to the reservoir pond of the ''Hirschler Teich'' and, during times of high water, to handle the overflow of water from it. Location The Huttaler Widerwaage lies in the Upper Harz in the Harz Nature Park. It is located southeast of Clausthal-Zellerfeld around 550 metres east-southeast of the source of the Innerste and about 500 metres south of the B 242 at Huttaler Graben at about . Function A ''Widerwaage'' is the name used in the region of the Upper Harz Water Regale for a small basin or small impoundment. This particular basin is impounded by a small wooden weir structure, a so-called ''Fehlschlag''. It is linked by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Söse
Söse is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a right tributary of the river Rhume and long. Geography The Söse rises on the plateau of ''Auf dem Acker'' in the district of Göttingen in the southwestern part of the Harz Mountains in Germany. From there it flows initially westwards; and is then impounded at a pre-dam and then by the Söse Dam between the Osterode village of Riefensbeek and the town of Osterode itself. In Osterode the river bends northwest, only to swing westwards near Badenhausen and then southwards near Eisdorf just a few kilometres west of the Harz. It flows in that direction through Osterode-Dorste before entering the westward-flowing Rhume between the villages of and , both part of the borough of Katlenburg-Lindau in the district of Northeim. Tributaries * Große Söse ''("Great Söse", left headstream)'' * Kleine Söse ''("Little Söse", right headstream)'' * Große Limpig ''(right)'' * Eipenke ''(left)'' * Ospenke ''(left)'' * Lerbach ''(r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dyke Ditch
The Dyke Ditch (german: Dammgraben) is the longest artificial ditch in the Upper Harz in central Germany. Its purpose was to collect surface runoff for the operation of the Upper Harz mining industry from precipitation-heavy regions a long way away (particularly from the Bruchberg and parts of the Brocken massif). It was laid in 1732 and continually extended eastwards until 1827. Its original length was about 25 km; this was successively shortened by water tunnels between 1820 and 1861 to around 19 km. It is a central component of the Upper Harz Water Regale. Its takes its name from the Sperberhai Dyke which is, in fact, an embankment on top of which the Dyke Ditch runs in an aqueduct in order to cross a depression. History The history of the Dyke Ditch was initially closely related to the history of the Sperberhai Dyke. Not until the completion of the dyke in 1734 could large watercourses east of Clausthal be tapped into: the streams of the Großer and Kleiner Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieber (river)
Sieber is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany, in the Harz mountains. It is long and a right hand tributary of the Oder. The Sieber rises at 760 metres on the Bruchberg massif and flows through Herzberg before discharging at Hattorf into the Oder which, in turn, flows into the Rhume. Its tributaries include the Große Kulmke, Große Lonau and Goldenke. In February 1910, as part of his hydrological research into the '' Rhumequelle'', Karl Thürnau dyed the Sieber tributary of the ''Eichelbach'' (Herzberg) with six kilogrammes of fluorescein. Three days later, weakly dyed water appeared in the main source of the ''Rhumequelle''. This was confirmed in 1980 by dye tracing carried out by the Geological Survey of Lower Saxony (''Niedersächsischen Landesamtes für Bodenforschung''). This also indicated links between the ''Rhumequelle'' and the Sieber near Hörden and the Oder near Scharzfeld. The construction of a dam was planned but never realised. As a result the Sieber vall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oder (Harz)
The Oder is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany, and a right tributary of the Rhume. Its source is in the Harz mountains, near Sankt Andreasberg. It flows southwest through Bad Lauterberg, Pöhlde and Hattorf am Harz. The Oder flows into the Rhume in Katlenburg-Lindau. Course The Oder rises in the district of Goslar in the heart of the Harz Mountains. Its source is located in the southern part of the Brockenfeld about north of the Achtermannshöhe. The river's source is called the ''Odersprung'' or "Oder Leap." On the Brockenfeld, which is close to the ''Odersprung'', the rivers Abbe, Große Bode, Ecker and Kalte Bode also have their respective origins. On its perimeter is the ancient Dreieckiger Pfahl boundary stone. After the Oder passed under the B 4 federal highway in in east-west direction, it is impounded for the first time west of the village in the Oderteich, where it bends to the south. A few kilometres further downstream, the river is impounded for the second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torfhaus
Torfhaus is a village in the borough of the mining town of Altenau in the Harz mountains of Germany and lies at a height of about . It is the highest settlement in Lower Saxony. This small settlement consists mainly of restaurants, youth hostels, ski huts and large car parks. A resort area with hotel and cabins was built in 2012/2013. The B 4 federal road, which is a major traffic route, runs from Brunswick to the north via Torfhaus to Braunlage and on into the South and East Harz. Today Torfhaus is a popular start point for walks along the Goethe Way to the Brocken, but also to the historic Dreieckiger Pfahl boundary stone and on over the mountains of the Wurmberg or Achtermannshöhe to Braunlage. Geography Torfhaus lies about 7 km east of Altenau and roughly 9 km south of Bad Harzburg in the Upper Harz. The river Radau rises east of Torfhaus on the Torfhaus Moor (also called ''Radauborn Moor''). Tourism and sport Torfhaus lies at the heart of the Harz Nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harzwasserwerke
The Harzwasserwerke GmbH (; English: Harz Water Works Limited) is a major German water company and dam operator based in Hildesheim, located within the German federal state of Lower Saxony. Founded in 1928, the Harzwasserwerke were tasked with supplying drinking water, providing electrical power and flood protection. Over the course of the past 75 years, the Harzwasserwerke have expanded to be the biggest water supply company in Lower Saxony and is among the top ten water companies in Germany. The company utilizes the nearby Harz mountains, a well-known nature reserve and tourist destination in Germany, as a source of high-quality drinking water. Water is impounded in six reservoirs built between 1930 and 1969 in the Lower Saxon part of the Harz mountains; drinking water is prepared in three waterworks and distributed through pipes to large parts of Lower Saxony. The system is supplemented by four groundwater waterworks on the North German plain. Currently delivering over 94,4 mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preussag
TUI Group is a German leisure, travel and tourism company. TUI is an acronym for ''Touristik Union International'' ("Tourism Union International"). TUI AG was known as Preussag AG until 1997 when the company changed its activities from mining to tourism. It is headquartered in Hanover, Germany. It fully or partially owns several travel agencies, hotel chains, cruise lines and retail shops as well as five European airlines. The group owns the largest holiday aeroplane fleet in Europe and holds multiple European tour operators. It is trading as TUI AG jointly listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange as a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. History The origins of the company lie in the industrial and transportation company Preussag AG, which was originally formed as a German mining company. It was incorporated on 9 October 1923, as ''Preußische Bergwerks- und Hütten-Aktiengesellschaft'' (Prussian Mine and Foundry Company). In 1927 it was merged with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
