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Thismiaceae
Thismiaceae is a family of flowering plants whose status is currently uncertain. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classifications (APG II, APG III , and APG IV) merge Thismiaceae into Burmanniaceae, noting that some studies have suggested that Thismiaceae, Burmanniaceae and Taccaceae should be separate families, whereas others support their merger. The family has been recognized by some authors (like J. Hutchinson, Chase ''et al.'' 1995, 2000; Caddick ''et al.'' 2000; Neyland 2002; Thiele & Jordan 2002, Merckx ''et al.'' 2006 and Woodward ''et al.'' 2007). Others have supported the APG position of merging the family into Burmanniaceae, sometimes as the tribe Thismieae (Maas-van de Kamer in Kubitzki systemMaas-van de Kamer, H. (1998). Burmanniaceae. Pp.154–163 in: Kubitzki, K., Huber, H., Rudall, P.J., Stevens, P.S. & Stützel, T. (eds), ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'', Vol. III, Monocotyledons: Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer-Verlag, Berlin. and others). Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thismia
''Thismia'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1845. It is native to East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Americas. ; Species * '' Thismia abei'' Hatus. – Awa, Shikoku Island, Japan * '' Thismia alba'' Holttum – S Thailand, Pahang * †'' Thismia americana'' N.Pfeiff. – extinct, formerly Lake Calumet, Illinois, USA * ''Thismia angustimitra'' S.ChantanaorrapintChantanaorrapint, S. 2008. A new species of the genus ''Thismia'' (Thismiaceae) from Thailand is described and illustrated. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 53(3); 524-526 http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea/2008/00000053/00000003/art00004 – Thailand * '' Thismia annamensis'' K.Larsen & Aver. – Vietnam * ''Thismia arachnites'' Ridl. – W Malaysia * ''Thismia aseroe'' Becc. – Perak, Singapore * ''Thismia betung-kerihunensis'' Tsukaya & H.Okada – Kalimantan * ''Thismia bifida'' M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioscoreales
The Dioscoreales are an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants in modern classification systems, such as the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Web. Within the monocots Dioscoreales are grouped in the lilioid monocots where they are in a sister group relationship with the Pandanales. The Dioscoreales must contain the family Dioscoreaceae which includes the yam ('' Dioscorea'') which is an important food source in many regions. Older systems tended to place all lilioid monocots with reticulate veined leaves (such as Smilacaceae and Stemonaceae together with Dioscoraceae) in Dioscoreales. As currently circumscribed by phylogenetic analysis using combined morphology and molecular methods, Dioscreales contains many reticulate veined vines in Dioscoraceae, it also includes the myco-heterotrophic Burmanniaceae and the autotrophic Nartheciaceae. The order consists of three families, 22 genera and about 850 species. Description Dioscoreales are vines or her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmanniaceae
Burmanniaceae is a Family (biology), family of flowering plants, consisting of 99 species of herbaceous plants in eight genera. Description These plants are annual or perennial herbs, with generally unbranched stems, some lacking leaves. Some members of this family lack chlorophyll and are mycotrophic (also called Myco-heterotrophy, myco-heterotrophic). The family tends to be saprophytic and even the autotrophic species are all endomycorrhizal and probably at least hemisaprophytic. The family occurs worldwide, with a mostly tropic to subtropical distribution. A number of species are threatened. Taxonomy John Lindley described the family as Burmanniae, with the single genus ''Burmannia'', in 1830. In 1998 the APG I system placed Burmanniaceae as one of five families in the order (biology), order Dioscoreales, within the monocot clade. The APG II system of 2003, as a result of an extensive study by Caddick and colleagues (2002), using an analysis of three genes, RuBisCO, ''rbc'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hutchinson System
A system of plant taxonomy by John Hutchinson, the Hutchinson system, was published as ''The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny'' (two volumes) in three editions; 1st edition 1926–1934; 2nd edition 1959; 3rd edition, 1973. This classification is according to the 1st Edition Volume 1: Dicotyledonae 1926 and Volume 2:Monocotyledonae 1934. Hutchinson's system was one of the most influential revisions of taxonomy in the early twentieth century. Hutchinson is known for his 24 dicta on the classification of flowering plants. A key feature of his third edition in 1973 was based on the habit of the plant namely that herbaceous plants or ''Herbaceae'' are phylogenetically more recent than woody plants or ''Lignosae''. Phylum ''Angiospermae'' Subphylum ''Monocotyledons'' ;Divisions # Calyciferae # Corolliferae # Glumiflorae Calyciferae Corolliferae Glumiflorae Subphylum ''Dicotyledons'' ;Divisions # Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plantae
Plants are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyte, Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyte, Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and Fern ally, their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Americas
The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with their associated islands, the Americas cover 8% of Earth's total surface area and 28.4% of its land area. The topography is dominated by the American Cordillera, a long chain of mountains that runs the length of the west coast. The flatter eastern side of the Americas is dominated by large river basins, such as the Amazon, St. Lawrence River–Great Lakes basin, Mississippi, and La Plata. Since the Americas extend from north to south, the climate and ecology vary widely, from the arctic tundra of Northern Canada, Greenland, and Alaska, to the tropical rain forests in Central America and South America. Humans first settled the Americas from Asia between 42,000 and 17,000 years ago. A second migration of Na-Dene speakers followed later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiputinia
''Tiputinia'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 2007. There is only one known species, ''Tiputinia foetida'', formerly thought to be endemic to eastern Ecuador, new records from Peru suggest that the distribution is more widespread than formerly thought. The plant is mycotrophic, i.e. lacking chlorophyll Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words , ("pale green") and , ("leaf"). Chlorophyll allow plants to a ... and obtaining sustenance from fungi in the soil. References Monotypic Dioscoreales genera Burmanniaceae Parasitic plants Endemic flora of Ecuador {{monocot-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxygyne
''Oxygyne'' is a genus of plant in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1906. It has a highly disjunct distribution, found in Japan in East Asia and in Cameroon in Central Africa Central Africa is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries according to different definitions. Angola, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, .... Species * '' Oxygyne hyodoi'' C.Abe & Akasawa - Ehime on Shikoku Island in Japan * '' Oxygyne shinzatoi'' (Hatus.) C.Abe & Akasawa - Nansei-shoto (Ryukyu Islands) in Japan * '' Oxygyne triandra'' Schltr. - Cameroon * '' Oxygyne yamashitae'' Yahara & Tsukaya - Yaku-shima in Japan References Dioscoreales genera Burmanniaceae Parasitic plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{monocot-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplothismia
''Haplothismia'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1952. There is only one known species, ''Haplothismia exannulata'', endemic to southern India (Kerala + Tamil Nadu). The plant is mycotrophic, i.e. lacking chlorophyll Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words , ("pale green") and , ("leaf"). Chlorophyll allow plants to a ... and obtaining sustenance from fungi in the soil.Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. References Burmanniaceae Monotypic Dioscoreales genera Parasitic plants Endemic flora of India (region) {{monocot-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrothismia
''Afrothismia'' is a genus of plant in family Burmanniaceae, first described as a genus in 1906. It is native to tropical Africa. The genus name of ''Afrothismia'' is in honour of Thomas Smith (x - 1825), who was an English expert at microscopy Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well-known branches of micr .... Species As accepted by Kew; References Dioscoreales genera Burmanniaceae Flora of Africa Parasitic plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{monocot-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazon Basin
The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Most of the basin is covered by the Amazon rainforest, also known as Amazonia. With a area of dense tropical forest, this is the largest rainforest in the world. Geography The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains at the west of the basin with its main tributary the Marañón River and Apurimac River in Peru. The highest point in the watershed of the Amazon is the second biggest peak of Yerupajá at . With a length of about before it drains into the Atlantic Ocean, it is one of the two longest rivers in the world. A team of scientists has claimed that the Amazon is longer than the Nile, but debate about its exact length continues. The Amazon system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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