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Treponema
''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. '' Treponema carateum'' is the cause of pinta. '' Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' is associated with syphilis in rabbits. '' Treponema succinifaciens'' has been found in the gut microbiome of traditional rural human populations. __TOC__ Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Unassigned ''Treponema'' species: * "''Ca.'' T. caballi" Gilroy et al. 2022 * ''T. calligyrum'' Noguchi 1913 * '' T. carateum'' Brumpt 1939 ( pinta-causing ''Treponema'') * "''Ca.'' T. equi" Gilroy et al. 2022 non (Novy & Napp 1906) Noguchi 1928 * "''Ca.'' T. equifaecale" Gilroy et al. 2022 * "''Ca.'' T. intracellulare" Ohkuma et al. 2015 corrig. Oren et al. 2020 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Pallidum
''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a Microaerophile, microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacteria, gram-negative, spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. It is known to be transmitted only among humans and baboons. ''T. pallidum'' can enter the host through mucosal membranes or open lesions in the skin and is primarily spread through sexual contact. It is a helically coiled microorganism usually 6–15 μm long and 0.1–0.2 μm wide. ''T. pallidum'''s lack of both a Citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle and processes for oxidative phosphorylation results in minimal metabolic activity. As a Chemoorganoheterotrophic, chemoorganoheterotroph, ''Treponema pallidum'' is an obligate parasite that acquires its glucose carbon source from its host. Glucose can be used not only as a primary carbon source but also in glycolytic mechanisms to generate ATP needed to power the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syphilis
Syphilis () is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium ''Treponema pallidum'' subspecies ''pallidum''. The signs and symptoms depend on the stage it presents: primary, secondary, latent syphilis, latent or tertiary. The primary stage classically presents with a single chancre (a firm, painless, non-itchy Ulcer_(dermatology), skin ulceration usually between 1 cm and 2 cm in diameter), though there may be multiple sores. In secondary syphilis, a diffuse rash occurs, which frequently involves the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. There may also be sores in the mouth or vagina. Latent syphilis has no symptoms and can last years. In tertiary syphilis, there are Gumma (pathology), gummas (soft, non-cancerous growths), neurological problems, or heart symptoms. Syphilis has been known as "The Great Imitator, the great imitator", because it may cause symptoms similar to many other diseases. Syphilis is most commonly spread through human sexual activi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Denticola
''Treponema denticola'' is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic, motile and highly proteolytic spirochete bacterium. It is one of four species of oral spirochetes to be reliably cultured, the others being ''Treponema pectinovorum, Treponema socranskii'' and '' Treponema vincentii''''. T. denticola'' dwells in a complex and diverse microbial community within the oral cavity and is highly specialized to survive in this environment. ''T. denticola'' is associated with the incidence and severity of human periodontal disease. ''Treponema denticola'' is one of three bacteria that form the Red Complex, the other two being '' Porphyromonas gingivalis'' and '' Tannerella forsythia''. Together they form the major virulent pathogens that cause chronic periodontitis. Having elevated ''T. denticola'' levels in the mouth is considered one of the main etiological agents of periodontitis. ''T. denticola'' is related to the syphilis-causing obligate human pathogen, ''Treponema pallidum'' su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponemataceae
The Treponemataceae are a family of spirochete bacteria. The clade includes a number of significant pathogens, such as ''Treponema'' ''pallidum'', the cause of human syphilis. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). See also * List of bacteria genera * List of bacterial orders This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the phylogeny is based on 16 ... References Spirochaetes Gram-negative bacteria Bacteria families {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaws
Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulcer. This initial skin lesion typically heals after 3–6 months. After weeks to years, joints and bones may become painful, fatigue may develop, and new skin lesions may appear. The skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet may become thick and break open. The bones (especially those of the nose) may become misshapen. After 5 years or more, large areas of skin may die, leaving scars. Yaws is spread by direct contact with the fluid from a lesion of an infected person. The contact is usually nonsexual. The disease is most common among children, who spread it by playing together. Other related treponemal diseases are bejel (''T. pallidum endemicum''), pinta (''T. carateum''), and syphilis (''T. p. pallidum''). The appearan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Primitia
Treponema primitia is a bacterium, the first termite gut spirochete A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (also called Spirochaetes ), which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) Gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or ... to be isolated, together with '' Treponema azotonutricium''. References Further reading *Maier, Raina M., Ian L. Pepper, and Charles P. Gerba, eds. Environmental microbiology. Vol. 397. Academic press, 2009. *Berlanga, Mercedes. "Pathogenic Treponema. Molecular and cellular biology."International Microbiology 10.1 (2010): 72. * * * External links *LPSN primitia Bacteria described in 2004 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Bryantii
''Treponema bryantii'' is a species of spirochete bacteria within the genus ''Treponema''. This species is an obligate anaerobe and is found in the rumen The rumen, also known as a paunch, is the largest stomach compartment in ruminants. The rumen and the reticulum make up the reticulorumen in ruminant animals. The diverse microbial communities in the rumen allows it to serve as the primary si ... of cows. References Further reading * External linksType strain of ''Treponema bryantii'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase bryantii Bacteria described in 1980 {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Azotonutricium
Treponema azotonutricium is a bacterium, the first termite gut spirochete to be isolated, together with ''Treponema primitia Treponema primitia is a bacterium, the first termite gut spirochete A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (also called Spirochaetes ), which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) Gram-negative bac ...''. References Further reading *Maier, Raina M., Ian L. Pepper, and Charles P. Gerba, eds. Environmental microbiology. Vol. 397. Academic press, 2009. *Berlanga, Mercedes. "Pathogenic Treponema. Molecular and cellular biology."International Microbiology 10.1 (2010): 72. External links *LPSN [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Paraluiscuniculi
''Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium. It is the etiologic agent of "Rabbit Syphilis". This condition occurs occasionally in laboratory rabbits, pet rabbits, and wild rabbits, but is not considered a significant cause of morbidity. The organism is most commonly spread via the venereal route, however, extragenital contact transmission can occur. The lesions associated with ''Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' include edema, erythema, and papules of the mucocutaneous junctions of the vulva, prepuce, anal region, muzzle, and periorbital region that progress to ulceration and crusting. Histologically, these areas are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis, necrosis of epithelial cells, erosion and ulceration, and an inflammatory infiltrate composed of plasma cells, macrophages, and heterophils. The recommended method of testing for the bacterium is skin scrape with wet mount and dark field microscopy. The organisms are also argyrophilic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Lecithinolyticum
''Treponema lecithinolyticum'' is a species of ''Treponema''. It is implicated as a pathogen in chronic periodontitis which can induce bone loss. This motile bacillus is a gram negative, facultative anaerobe and a spirochaete A spirochaete () or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota (also called Spirochaetes ), which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) Gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or .... References lecithinolyticum {{Spirochaetae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Succinifaciens
''Treponema succinifaciens'' is an anaerobic spirochete bacterium first discovered in the intestines of swine in 1981. The helical cells of ''T. succinifaciens'' grow to 16 μm in length and often form chains of cells when cultured. ''T. succinifaciens'' is gram-negative and non spore-forming. In humans ''Treponema succinifaciens'' is found in the gut microbiome of many human populations, particularly those living traditional lifestyles. Although they have been found in humans living in urban areas, the occurrence is much rarer. The rarer occurrence in urban populations is likely due to increased antibiotic use in urban populations Genome The genome of ''T. succinifaciens'' is 2,897,425 base pairs in length. The bacterium contains 2,723 protein-coding as well as 63 RNA genes. It also contains 63 genes that are involved in motility Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently using metabolism, metabolic energy. This biological concept encompasses movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treponema Isoptericolens
Treponema isoptericolens is a spirochaete from the hindgut of the termite '' Incisitermes tabogae''. Its cells are motile, helical in shape, 0.4–0.5 μm The micrometre (Commonwealth English as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System ... in diameter and generally 12–20 μm long; it is obligately anaerobic, with type strain SPIT5T (=DSM 18056T =JCM 13955T). References Further reading *Maier, Raina M., Ian L. Pepper, and Charles P. Gerba, eds. Environmental microbiology. Vol. 397. Academic press, 2009. * External links *LPSN [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
