|
Temple Of Peace, Rome
The Temple of Peace (), also known as the ''Forum of Vespasian'' (), was built in Rome in 71 AD under Emperor Vespasian in honour to Pax, the Roman goddess of peace. Positioned southeast of the Roman Forum, between the Via Sacra and the Carinae, the temple stood on the southeast side of the Argiletum, offering a view of the Velian Hill and overlooking the renowned Colosseum. It housed artifacts such as the Table of Shewbread and the seven-branched menorah from the Jerusalem Temple, which were taken as spoils during the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. History Statius claims that Emperor Domitian was largely responsible for the completion of the temple, not Vespasian - this issue remains controversial within the archaeological world today. The Temple of Peace is part of the Imperial Fora which is "a series of monumental ''fora'' (public squares), constructed in Rome over a period of one and a half centuries." It is not officially considered a forum because there is no evidenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2,746,984 residents in , Rome is the list of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, third most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, with a population of 4,223,885 residents, is the most populous metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy. Rome metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area is the third-most populous within Italy. Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber Valley. Vatican City (the smallest country in the world and headquarters of the worldwide Catholic Church under the governance of the Holy See) is an independent country inside the city boun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish–Roman Wars
The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of Judaea against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE. The conflict was driven by Jewish aspirations to restore the political independence lost when Rome conquered the Hasmonean kingdom, and unfolded over three major uprisings: the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), the Kitos War (116–118 CE) and the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 CE). Some historians also include the Diaspora Revolt (115–117 CE) which coincided with the Kitos War, when Jewish communities across the Eastern Mediterranean rose up against Roman rule. The Jewish–Roman wars had a devastating impact on the Jewish people, turning them from a major population in the Eastern Mediterranean into a dispersed and persecuted minority. The First Jewish-Roman War ended with the devastating siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, including the burning of the Second Temple—the center of Jewish religious and national life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Pagans In The Late Roman Empire
Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (306–337) in the military colony of Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem), when he destroyed a pagan temple for the purpose of constructing a Christian church. Rome had periodically confiscated church properties, and Constantine was vigorous in reclaiming them whenever these issues were brought to his attention. Christian historians alleged that Hadrian (2nd century) had constructed a temple to Venus on the site of the crucifixion of Jesus on Golgotha hill in order to suppress Christian veneration there. Constantine used that to justify the temple's destruction, saying he was simply reclaiming the property.MacMullen, R. ''Christianizing The Roman Empire A.D.100-400'', Yale University Press, 1984, Using the vocabulary of reclamation, Constantine acquired several more sites of Christian significance in the Holy Land. From 313, with the exception of the brief reign of Julian, non-Christians wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantius II
Constantius II (; ; 7 August 317 – 3 November 361) was Roman emperor from 337 to 361. His reign saw constant warfare on the borders against the Sasanian Empire and Germanic peoples, while internally the Roman Empire went through repeated civil wars, court intrigues, and usurpations. His religious policies inflamed domestic conflicts that would continue after his death. Constantius was a son of Constantine the Great, who elevated him to the imperial rank of '' Caesar'' on 8 November 324 and after whose death Constantius became ''Augustus'' together with his brothers, Constantine II and Constans on 9 September 337. He promptly oversaw the massacre of his father-in-law, an uncle, and several cousins, consolidating his hold on power. The brothers divided the empire among themselves, with Constantius receiving Greece, Thrace, the Asian provinces, and Egypt in the east. For the following decade a costly and inconclusive war against Persia took most of Constantius's time and at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus (; ; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa. As a young man he advanced through cursus honorum, the customary succession of offices under the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus. Severus was the final contender to seize power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 during the Year of the Five Emperors. After deposing and killing the incumbent emperor Didius Julianus, Severus fought his rival claimants, the Roman generals Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus. Niger was defeated in 194 at the Battle of Issus (194), Battle of Issus in Cilicia (Roman province), Cilicia. Later that year Severus waged a short punitive campaign beyond the eastern frontier, annexing the Osroene, Kingdom of Osroene as a new province. Severus defeated Albinus three years later at the Battle of Lugdunum in Roman Gaul, Gaul. Following the consolidation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythocles Of Sicyon
Pythocles of Sicyon was an ancient Greek athlete listed by Eusebius of Caesarea as a victor in the stadion race of the 136th Olympiad (236 BC). In his later career Pythocles appears to have served as a representative of the Achaean League. The evidence comes from an inscription in Epidaurus Epidaurus () was a small city (''polis'') in ancient Greece, on the Argolid Peninsula at the Saronic Gulf. Two modern towns bear the name Epidavros: ''Palaia Epidavros'' and ''Nea Epidavros''. Since 2010 they belong to the new municipality of Epi ... where he is mentioned in a honorific list together with 23 other ''nomographoi''. On that list his father's name is given as ''Pythodoros''. IG IV2 1.73. References See also Olympic winners of the Stadion race Ancient Olympic competitors Ancient Achaean athletes 3rd-century BC Greek people Ancient Sicyonians Sicyon {{AncientGreece-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganymede (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Ganymede ( ) or Ganymedes ( ; ) is a Greek hero, divine hero whose homeland was Troy. Homer describes Ganymede as the most handsome of mortals and tells the story of how he was abducted by the gods to serve as Zeus's cup-bearer in Mount Olympus, Olympus. The Latin form of the name was (and also "Ganymedes"), from which the English word ''catamite'' is derived. The earliest forms of the myth have no erotic content, but by the 5th century BCE it was believed that Zeus had a sexual passion for him. Socrates says that Zeus was in love with Ganymede, called "desire" in Plato's ''Phaedrus (dialogue), Phaedrus''; but in Xenophon's ''Symposium (Xenophon), Symposium'', Socrates argues Zeus loved him for his mind and their relationship was not sexual. By the early modern period, the event was termed a "rape" with little distinction from equivalent female abductees like Io (mythology), Io, Europa (mythology), Europa, or Callisto (mythology), Callisto. According to Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leochares
Leochares () was an ancient Greek sculptor from Athens, who lived in the 4th century BC. Works Leochares worked at the construction of the Mausoleum of Mausolos at Halicarnassus, one of the "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World". The ''Diana of Versailles'' is a Roman copy of his original (). He is also thought to be the creator of the celebrated ''Apollo Belvedere'', of which a Roman copy is currently housed in Vatican City. Of his portrait-statues, the most celebrated were those of Philip, Alexander, Amyntas III, Olympias Olympias (; c. 375–316 BC) was a Ancient Greeks, Greek princess of the Molossians, the eldest daughter of king Neoptolemus I of Epirus, the sister of Alexander I of Epirus, the fourth wife of Philip of Macedon, Philip II, the king of Macedonia ..., and Eurydice I, which were made of ivory and gold, and were placed in the Philippeion, a circular building in the Altis at Olympia, erected by Philip II of Macedon in celebration of his victory at Battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myron
Myron of Eleutherae (480–440 BC) (; , ''Myrōn'' ) was an Athenian sculptor from the mid-5th century BC. Alongside three other Greek sculptors, Polykleitos Pheidias, and Praxiteles, Myron is considered as one of the most important sculptors of classical antiquity. He was born in Eleutherae on the borders of Boeotia and Attica. According to ''Natural History'', a Latin encyclopedia by Pliny the Elder (AD 23 – 79), a scholar in Ancient Rome, Ageladas of Argos was his teacher. None of his original sculptures are known to survive, but there are many later copies of his works, such as his '' Discobolus'', mostly Roman. Reputation Myron worked almost exclusively in bronze and his fame rested principally upon his representations of athletes (including his iconic '' Diskobolos''), in which he made a revolution, according to commentators in Antiquity, by introducing greater boldness of pose and a more perfect rhythm, subordinating the parts to the whole. Pliny's remark that Myr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naukydes Of Argos
Naukydes of Argos (4th century BCE) was a Greeks, Greek sculptor from Ancient Argos, Argos. Taught under Polykleitos, he created a statue of gold and ivory of Hebe (mythology), Hebe for the temple of Hera in Argos; also, statues of Hecate, Hermes, of the poet Erinna, and Phrixus. The discobolus of Naukydes was identified by Ennio Quirino Visconti, as mentioned by Pliny. He eventually became teacher to Polykleitos the Younger, son of his old teacher. References External linksAnswers for Naukydes at Answers.com 4th-century BC Greek sculptors Ancient Argives {{Greece-sculptor-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phidias
Phidias or Pheidias (; , ''Pheidias''; ) was an Ancient Greek sculptor, painter, and architect, active in the 5th century BC. His Statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Phidias also designed the statues of the goddess Athena on the Acropolis, Athens, Athenian Acropolis, namely the ''Athena Parthenos'' inside the Parthenon, and the ''Athena Promachos'', a colossal bronze which stood between it and the Propylaea (Acropolis of Athens), Propylaea, a monumental gateway that served as the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. Phidias was the son of Charmides of Athens. The ancients believed that his masters were Hegias of Athens, Hegias and Ageladas. Plutarch discusses Phidias's friendship with the Greek statesman Pericles, recording that enemies of Pericles tried to attack him through Phidias – who was accused of stealing gold intended for the Parthenon's statue of Athena, and of impiously portraying himself and Pericles on the shield of the sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polykleitos
Polykleitos (; ) was an ancient Greek sculptor, active in the 5th century BCE. Alongside the Athenian sculptors Pheidias, Myron and Praxiteles, he is considered as one of the most important sculptors of classical antiquity. The 4th century BCE catalogue attributed to Xenocrates (the "Xenocratic catalogue"), which was Pliny's guide in matters of art, ranked him between Pheidias and Myron. He is particularly known for his lost treatise, the ''Canon of Polykleitos'' (a canon of body proportions), which set out his mathematical basis of an idealised male body shape. None of his original sculptures are known to survive, but many marble works, mostly Roman, are believed to be later copies. Name His Greek name was traditionally Latinized ''Polycletus'', but is also transliterated ''Polycleitus'' (, Classical Greek , "much-renowned") and, due to iotacism in the transition from Ancient to Modern Greek, ''Polyklitos'' or ''Polyclitus''. He is called Sicyonius (lit. "The Sicyonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
