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Sayri Túpac
Sayri Túpac (1535/15391561) was an Inca ruler in Peru. He was a son of siblings Manco Inca Yupanqui and Cura Ocllo.Titu Cusi Yupanqui, 2005, An Inca Account of the Conquest of Peru, Boulder, University Press of Colorado, After the death of his mother in 1539 and of his father in 1544, both at the hands of Spanish conquerors, he became the ruler of the Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba. He ruled until his death in 1560. Life Sayri Túpac's father Manco, the last ruling Inca emperor, had attempted to reach an accommodation with the Spanish conquistadors. He was crowned emperor in 1534 by Francisco Pizarro. However, his cooperation was severely tested by mistreatment at the hands of Francisco's brothers Gonzalo, Juan and Hernando, whom Francisco had temporarily left in charge in Cuzco. Manco escaped from the city in April 1536 and raised a large army of Inca warriors. For ten months he besieged Cuzco but failed to take the city. After the defeat of Diego de Almagro II ''El Moz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapa Inca
The Sapa Inca (from ; ) was the monarch of the Inca Empire (''Tawantinsuyu'' "the region of the four [provinces]"), as well as ruler of the earlier Kingdom of Cusco and the later Neo-Inca State at Vilcabamba, Peru, Vilcabamba. While the origins of the position are mythical and originate from the Origin myth, legendary foundation of the city of Cusco, it seems to have come into being historically around AD 1100. Although the Inca believed the Sapa Inca to be the son of Inti (the Solar deity, Sun god) and often referred to him as ''Inti churi'' "solar son" or ''Intip churin'' "son of the Sun", the position eventually became Hereditary monarchy, hereditary, with Primogeniture#Agnatic primogeniture, son succeeding father. The principal wife of the Inca was known as the Qoya, coya or ''quya''. The Sapa Inca was at the top of the social hierarchy, and played a dominant role in the political and spiritual realm. Manco Capac, the first Inca monarch, adopted the title ''capac'' or ''qhap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hernando Pizarro
Hernando Pizarro y de Vargas (; c. 1504 – c. 1578) was a Spanish conquistador and one of the Pizarro brothers who ruled over Peru. He was the only one of the Pizarro brothers who was not killed in Peru, and eventually returned to Spain. Pizarro Brothers As one of the Pizarro brothers he was related to Francisco, Juan and Gonzalo Pizarro.Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing, He had two full sisters, Inés Pizarro y de Vargas and Isabel Pizarro y de Vargas, married to Gonzalo de Tapia. Through his father he was a second cousin of Hernán Cortés.Machado, J. T. Montalvão, ''Dos Pizarros de Espanha aos de Portugal e Brasil'', Author's Edition, 1st Edition, Lisbon, 1972. Inca Empire Starting in 1532 and succeeding in 1533, Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and claimed what we know today as Peru for Spain. In the 16th century the Incas were conquered by the Spaniards, Hernando Pizarro, who was the brother of the chie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1561 Deaths
Year 1561 (Roman numerals, MDLXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 4 – Paolo Battista Giudice Calvi is elected as the new Doge of Genoa, Doge of the Republic of Genoa, but serves for only eight months before dying in September. * January 31 **The 1562 Riots of Toulouse#Ordinance of Orléans, Ordinance of Orléans suspends the persecution of the Protestant Huguenots in Kingdom of France. **Mughal Empire General Bairam Khan is assassinated by an Afghan warrior, Mubarak Khan Lohani, while traveling through Gujarat in India. * February 13 – Elizabeth I, Queen Elizabeth of England summons the Ambassador from Spain, Álvaro de la Quadra, for a private Audience (meeting), audience to ask how the Spanish government would react if she were to marry Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, who had recently lost his wife Amy Robsart in a questionable accident. * March 23 – Lope de Aguirre, a Basque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1530s Births
Year 153 ( CLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rusticus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 906 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 153 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Minor uprisings occur in Roman Egypt against Roman rule. Asia * Change of era name from ''Yuanjia'' (3rd year) to ''Yongxing'' of the Chinese Han Dynasty. Births * Didia Clara, daughter of Didius Julianus * Kong Rong Kong Rong () (151/153 – 26 September 208), courtesy name Wenju, was a Chinese poet, politician, and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He was a 20th generation descendant of Confucius. As he was once the Cha ..., Chinese official and warlord (d. 208) * Zhang Hong, Chinese official and politician (d. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Túpac Amaru
Túpac Amaru or ''Thupa Amaru'' (14 April 154524 September 1572) (first name also spelled Túpac, Tupac, Topa, Tupaq, Thupaq, Thupa, last name also spelled Amaro instead of Amaru) was the last Sapa Inca of the Neo-Inca State, the final remaining independent part of the Inca Empire. He was executed by the Spanish following a months-long pursuit after the fall of the Neo-Inca State. His name is derived from the Quechua words ''thupaq'', meaning "royal" or "shining" and ''amaru'', which can either mean "snake" or refer to the snake-like being from Andean mythology. Accession Following the Spanish conquest of Peru in the 1530s, a few members of the royal family established the small independent Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba, which was located in the relatively inaccessible Upper Amazon to the northeast of Cusco. The founder of this state was Manco Inca Yupanqui (also known as Manco Cápac II), who had initially allied himself with the Spanish, then led an unsuccessful war aga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Julius III
Pope Julius III (; ; 10 September 1487 – 23 March 1555), born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1550 to his death, in March 1555. After a career as a distinguished and effective diplomat, he was elected to the papacy as a compromise candidate after the death of Paul III. As pope, he made only reluctant and short-lived attempts at reform, mostly devoting himself to a life of personal pleasure. His reputation, and that of the Catholic Church, were greatly harmed by his scandal-ridden relationship with his adopted nephew, Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Julius". Education and early career Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte was born in Monte San Savino, the son of a distinguished Roman jurist. He was educated by the humanist Raffaele Brandolini Lippo, and later studied law at Perugia and Siena. During his career, he distinguished himself as a bril ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dispensation (Catholic Canon Law)
In the Jurisprudence of Catholic canon law, jurisprudence of the canon law of the Catholic Church, a dispensation is the exemption from the immediate obligation of the law in certain cases.The Law of Christ Vol. I, pg. 284 Its object is to modify the hardship often caused by rigorous application of general laws to particular cases, and its essence is to preserve the law by suspending its operation in such cases. Concept Since laws aimed at the good of the entire community may not be suitable for certain cases or persons, the legislator has the right, sometimes even the duty, to dispense from the law. Dispensation is not a permanent power or a special right, as in Privilege (Catholic canon law), privilege. If the reason for the dispensation no longer exists, then the dispensation also ceases to exist.The Law of Christ Vol. I, pg. 285 If the immediate basis for the right is withdrawn, then the right ceases. Validity, legality, "just and reasonable cause" There must be a "just an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mascaipacha
The Mascapaicha or Maskaypacha ( Quechua: "Maskhay", ''search'' and "Pacha", ''space'' or ''time'') was the royal crown of the Emperor of the Tawantinsuyu, more commonly known as the Inca Empire. Description The Mascaipacha was the imperial symbol, worn only by the Sapa Inca as King of Cusco and Emperor of the Tahuantinsuyo. It was a chaplet made of layers of many-coloured braid, from which hung the ''latu'', a fringe of the finest red wool, with red tassels fixed to gold tubes. It was decorated with gold threads and a tuft bearing two or three upright feathers from the mountain caracara, a sacred bird called corequenque in Spanish, it was the physical expression of ultimate political power in the Inca Empire. In some ceremonies the Sapa Inca carried the Mascaipacha in his hand, while he wore a war head-dress (a feather-decorated helmet).Baudin, p. 73 Ceremonial Only the Sapa Inca could wear the mascapaicha, which was given to him by the ''Willaq Uma'', the high priest of the E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Day's Journey
A day's journey in pre-modern literature, including the Bible and ancient geographers and ethnographers such as Herodotus, is a measurement of distance. In the Bible, it is not as precisely defined as other Biblical measurements of distance; the distance has been estimated from . Judges 19 records a party of three people and two mules who traveled from Bethlehem to Gibeah, a distance of about 10 miles, in an afternoon. Porter notes that a mule can travel about 3 miles per hour, covering 24 miles in an eight-hour day. Another citation comes from Priscus (fr. 8 in Müller's '' Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum'') and is translated thus by J. B. Bury: ''We set out with the barbarians, and arrived at Sardica, which is thirteen days for a fast traveller from Constantinople.'' From Constantinople (Istanbul) to Sofia Sofia is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrés Hurtado De Mendoza, 3rd Marquis Of Cañete
Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza y Cabrera, 3rd Marquis of Cañete (c. 1500 – March 30, 1561), also known as El Viejo, was a Spanish military officer and, from June 29, 1556 to his death on March 30, 1561, the third Viceroy of Peru. Biography Origins and military career Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza was born at Cañete into a high-ranking Spanish noble family. He was a descendant of Juan Hurtado de Mendoza, Señor de Mendívil. Hurtado was guarda mayor (governor) of Cuenca, Spain, and royal chief huntsman of Castile, succeeding his father in both those positions. He was also a military officer, serving with distinction in actions in Granada, France and Flanders. He accompanied the Emperor, Charles V, to Germany and Flanders. After being named viceroy of Peru in 1555, he arrived at Panama, at that time part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Here he delayed his journey to deal with a rebellion of fugitive black slaves. He put Pedro de Ursúa in charge of the suppression of the rebels. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paullu Inca
Pawllu Inka Tupaq (before 15351549) Paullu was a statesman, military man and politician, thanks to the intellectual training he received as a member of the Inca Nobility. He became the main indigenous ally for different spanish factions after Manco Inca Yupanqui, rebelled against the Spanish and established the small Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba. Biography He was the son of Huayna CapacGarcilaso De La Vega "El Inca", 2006, Royal Commentaries of the Incas and General History of Peru, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., and half brother of Ninan Cuyochi, Huáscar, Atahualpa, Túpac Huallpa and Manco Inca Yupanqui. In the early part of Manco Inca's reign, he was a strong supporter of Manco Inca, who ordered him and the high priest Villac Umac to accompany Diego de Almagro's expedition to Chile in 1535. Both awaited Almagro at Tupiza and there delivered to him a large quantity of gold from the Chilean tribute. At Jujuy, Villac Umac escaped and returned to Peru, during h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro De La Gasca
Pedro de la Gasca (June 1485 – 13 November 1567) was a Spanish bishop, diplomat and the second (acting) viceroy of Peru, from 10 April 1547 to 27 January 1550. He was known by his renowned political ability in spite of his physical deformity. Francis Bacon placed Gasca among the similarly physically challenged Socrates, Agesilaus II and Şehzade Cihangir, and speculated his outstanding character and achievements may have been driven by a need to overcome the poor impression made by his physical shortcomings. Biography Pedro de la Gasca studied at the University of Salamanca and the University of Alcalá. He became a priest and a lawyer, and was known for his intellect and his strange body proportions. According to William H. Prescott, drawing from Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Gasca's "countenance was far from comely" and he "was awkward and ill proportioned; for his limbs were too long for his body, — so that when he rode he appeared to be much shorter than he really was. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
