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Sarna (place)
Sarna is a place of worship in the Chotanagpur region of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. It is a sacred grove, where people of village gather to perform rituals in village festival. Ritual Sarna is a sacred grove of Sal trees, also called ''Sarai'' in Chotanagpur. It is a remnant forest in the village, where spirits are thought to reside. According to traditional belief, Sarna is the residing place of ''gaon khut'' (village deity), the village founder. Each year people gather to offer sacrifices to the Sun, the deity, and their ancestors to ensure a good harvest and safety. The village priest in Chotanagpur is known as ''Pahan,'' sometimes called ''Laya. Pahan'' and his assistant ''Pujar'' sacrifice animals, especially goats. Cooked meat is eaten with ''tapan'' (liquor). The ritual of Sarhul festival takes place in Sarna. Several indigenous peoples, including Santals, follow a separate religious code for Sarna as Sarnaism as they believe it differs from Hinduism. Santals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chota Nagpur (other)
Chota Nagpur may refer to: *Chota Nagpur Plateau The Chota Nagpur Plateau () is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and th ..., in eastern India * Chota Nagpur Division, a division of British India * Chota Nagpur Tributary States, a collection of princely states of British India (historic) * North Chotanagpur division, one of the five divisions in the Indian state of Jharkhand * South Chotanagpur division, one of the five divisions in the Indian state of Jharkhand See also * Chota (other) * Nagpur (other) * Nagpuri (other) * Nagpuria (other) {{geodis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in East India, eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It is the List of states and territories of India by area, 15th largest state by area, and the List of states and union territories of India by population, 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Temple, Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Maa Dewri Temple, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in cities as of 2011. Jharkhand suffers from what is sometimes termed a resource curse: it accounts for more than 40% of Mining in India, India's mineral production but 39.1% of its populati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh (; ) is a landlocked States and union territories of India, state in Central India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the List of states and union territories of India by population, seventeenth most populous. It borders seven states – Uttar Pradesh to the north, Madhya Pradesh to the northwest, Maharashtra to the southwest, Jharkhand to the northeast, Odisha to the east, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the south. Formerly a part of Madhya Pradesh, it was granted statehood on Chhattisgarh Rajyotsava, 1 November 2000 with Raipur as the designated state capital. The Jogimara and Sitabenga Caves, Sitabenga caves in Chhattisgarh, one of the earliest examples of theatre architecture in India, are dated to the Maurya Empire, Mauryan period of 3rd century BCE. The region was split between rivaling dynasties from the sixth to twelfth centuries, and parts of it were bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odisha
Odisha (), formerly Orissa (List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2011), is a States and union territories of India, state located in East India, Eastern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, eighth-largest state by area, and the List of states and union territories of India by population, eleventh-largest by population, with over 41 million inhabitants. The state also has the third-largest population of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Tribes in India. It neighbours the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the south. Odisha has a coastline of along the Bay of Bengal in the ''Indian Ocean''. The region is also known as Utkaḷa and is mentioned by this name in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana. The language of Odisha is Odia language, Odia, which is one of the Classical languages of India. The ancient kingdom of Kalinga (historical region), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacred Grove
Sacred groves, sacred woods, or sacred forests are groves of trees that have special religious importance within a particular culture. Sacred groves feature in various cultures throughout the world. These are forest areas that are, for the most part, untouched by local people and often protected by local communities. They often play a critical role in protecting water sources and biodiversity, including essential resources for the groups that protect them. They were important features of the mythological landscape and cult practice of Celtic, Estonian, Baltic, Germanic, ancient Greek, Near Eastern, Roman, and Slavic polytheism. They are also found in locations such as India (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu), Japan ( sacred shrine forests), China ( Fengshui woodland), West Africa and Ethiopia ( church forests). Examples of sacred groves include the Greco-Roman '' temenos'', various Germanic words for sacred groves, and the Celtic '' nemeton'', which was la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shorea Robusta
''Shorea robusta'', the sal tree, sāla, shala, sakhua, or sarai, is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The tree is native to India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Tibet and across the Himalayan regions. Evolution Fossil evidence from lignite mines in the Indian states of Rajasthan and Gujarat indicate that sal trees (or at least a closely related '' Shorea'' species) have been a dominant tree species of forests of the Indian subcontinent since at least the early Eocene (roughly 49 million years ago), at a time when the region otherwise supported a very different biota from the modern day. Evidence comes from the numerous amber nodules in these rocks, which originate from the dammar resin produced by the sal trees. Description ''Shorea robusta'' can grow up to tall with a trunk diameter of . The leaves are 10–25 cm long and 5–15 cm broad. In wetter areas, sal is evergreen; in drier areas, it is dry-season deciduous, shedding most of the leaves from Februar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarhul
Sarhul is a spring festival celebrated in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Jharkhand, marking the commencement of the new year. The festival lasts for three days, from the third day of the Chaitra month in Shukla Paksha to Chaitra Purnima. During the festival, the village priest, known as the ''Pahan'' offers a sacrifice of flowers, fruits, vermilion, a rooster, and tapan (liquor) in the Sarna (place), Sarna to the Sun, the village deity, and the ancestors for the prosperity of the village. After the rituals, locals dance while holding Shorea robusta, Sal flowers. According to tradition, Sarhul also symbolizes the marriage between the Earth and the Sun. It is an important festival observed by the Kurukh people, Kurukh and Sadan people, Sadan communities. Among the Kurukh, it is known as Khaddi (meaning "flower" in the Kurukh language). The festival is called Hadi Bonga among the Bhumij people, Bhumijs, while among the Ho people, Ho and Munda people, it is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarnaism
Sarnaism is a religious faith of the Indian subcontinent, predominantly followed by indigenous communities of the Chota Nagpur Plateau region across states such as Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, and Chhattisgarh. The essence of the Sarna faith revolves around nature worship. Its core principles emphasize ''jal'' (water), ''jaṅgal'' (forest) and ''jamīn'' (land), with adherents offering prayers to trees and hills while believing in the protection of forests. This belief centers around the reverence of Sarna, the sacred groves of village communities, where the village deity, known as Gram Deota resides, and where sacrificial offerings are made twice a year. It is also referred to as "Sarna Dharma" or the "Religion of the Holy Woods", and it holds the distinction of being India's largest tribal religion. Etymology The term " Sarna", derived from the Mundari language, means "sacred grove" and refers to sites where tribal religious practices take place. However, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for a range of Indian religions, Indian List of religions and spiritual traditions#Indian religions, religious and spiritual traditions (Sampradaya, ''sampradaya''s) that are unified by adherence to the concept of ''dharma'', a Ṛta, cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, as expounded in the Vedas. The word ''Hindu'' is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, it has also been described by the modern term ''Sanātana Dharma'' () emphasizing its eternal nature. ''Vaidika Dharma'' () and ''Arya dharma'' are historical endonyms for Hinduism. Hinduism entails diverse systems of thought, marked by a range of shared Glossary of Hinduism terms, concepts that discuss God in Hinduism, theology, Hindu mythology, mythology, among other topics in Hindu texts, textual sources. Hindu texts have been classified into Śruti () and Smṛti (). The major Hin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santal People
The Santal (or Santhal) are an Austroasiatic languages, Austroasiatic-speaking Munda peoples, Munda ethnic group of the Indian subcontinent. Santals are the largest tribe in the Jharkhand and West Bengal in terms of population and are also found in the states of Odisha, Bihar, Assam and Tripura. They are the largest ethnic minority in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division. They have a sizeable population in Nepal. The Santals speak Santali language, Santali, the most widely spoken Munda languages of Austroasiatic languages, Austroasiatic language family. Etymology Santal is most likely derived from an exonym. The term refers to inhabitants of in erstwhile Silda, West Bengal, Silda in Midnapore, Medinapore region in West Bengal. The Sanskrit word ''Samant'' or Bengali ''Saont'' means plain land. Their ethnonym is ("child of human"). History Origins According to linguist Paul Sidwell, Austro-Asiatic language speakers probably arrived on the coast of Od ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaherthan
Jaherthan, also known as Jahirathan or Jahergarh (Hindi: जाहेरथान, जाहिराथान, जाहेरगढ़), is a sacred grove that is considered the residence of Jaher Ayo and is a worship site for the Santal, Bhumij, Paharia and Bedia tribes in India and Bangladesh. It is a characteristic feature of Bhumij and Santal villages, typically located on the village's outskirts, where many holy spirits reside and where a series of annual festivals take place. The grove is designated during the village's founding and remains undisturbed except during festivals. Inside the grove, a series of uncut stones represent the ''Bongas'' (spirits), for which they are not considered substitutes except during festival rituals. Religion The Jaherthan is a sacred worship site for followers of Sarna and Sari Dharam, notably the Santal, Bhumij, Bedia and other tribes. Role in tribal society Among the Santals and Bhumijs, the Jaherthan is a communal space where the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The London School Of Economics
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), established in 1895, is a public university, public research university in London, England, and a member institutions of the University of London, member institution of the University of London. The school specialises in the social sciences. Founded by Fabian Society members Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield, Sidney Webb, Beatrice Webb, Graham Wallas and George Bernard Shaw, LSE joined the University of London in 1900 and offered its first degree programmes under the auspices of the university in 1901. LSE began awarding degrees in its own name in 2008, prior to which it awarded degrees of the University of London. It became a university in its own right within the University of London in 2022. LSE is located in the London Borough of Camden and City of Westminster, Westminster, Central London, near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn. The area is historically known as Clare Market. As of 2023/24, LSE had jus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
