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Communes Of France
A () is a level of administrative divisions of France, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in Canada and the United States; ' in Germany; ' in Italy; ' in Spain; or civil parishes in the United Kingdom. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the Municipal arrondissem ...
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Col De Saint-Ignace
A col is the lowest point on a mountain ridge between two peaks; a mountain pass or saddle. COL, CoL or col may also refer to: Computers * Caldera OpenLinux, a defunct Linux distribution * , an HTML element specifying a column * A collision signal in Ethernet Language * Col language, a Malayan language of Sumatra * Columbia-Wenatchi language (ISO 639-3: col) Organisations * COL Group, Chinese company * Commonwealth of Learning * compLexity Gaming, eSports organization Places * Col, Ajdovščina, Slovenia * Col, Italy * The Gaelic name for the village of Coll, Lewis, Scotland * Colorado, United States * Columbus, Ohio (station code: COL) * CoL, City of London * CoL, City of Leeds Other uses *Colorado Avalanche, a National Hockey League team that uses this abbreviation for box scores and television scoring displays *Colorado Rockies, a Major League Baseball team that uses this abbreviation for box scores and television scoring displays * Col (game), a pencil and paper ...
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Communes Of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of Algeria ** Communes of Angola ** Communes of Belgium ** Communes of Benin ** Communes of Burundi ** Communes of Chile ** Communes of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** Communes of France ** Communes of Italy, called ''comune'' ** Communes of Luxembourg ** Communes of Moldova, called ''comună'' ** Communes of Niger ** Communes of Romania, called ''comună'' ** Communes of Switzerland ** Commune-level subdivisions (Vietnam) *** Commune (Vietnam) *** Commune-level town (Vietnam) ** People's commune, highest of three administrative levels in rural China, 1958 to 1983 Government and military/defense * Agricultural commune, intentional community based on agricultural labor * Commune (rebellion), a synonym for uprising or revolutionary ...
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Treaties Of Good Correspondence
The Treaties of Good Correspondence were agreements drawn up under the Ancien Régime by the Basques of France and those of Spain, designed to guarantee the continuity of their economic relations despite the wars between the two countries. The first treaties appeared at the end of the 13th century and remained in use until the early 19th century. They were signed on Île des Faisans by representatives of each of the parties, under the supervision of the highest authorities of each of the two states, France and Spain. Other examples of the same economic pragmatism can still be found today all along the border between Spain and France, the latest dating from 1957 between Vera de Bidassoa and Sare. On the other hand, other peoples, such as the Sámi, still use the same logic to protect themselves from the political ups and downs between states. History Arthur de Boislisle noted: "You know how difficult it is to prevent the people of Labourd from following their ancient custo ...
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The Works Of Maxime Real Del Sarte
This article is a list of public sculptures designed by Maxime Real del Sarte. War Memorials using the composition entitled "Je t'ai cherché" The plaster model entitled "Je t'ai cherché" was first exhibited in 1920 at the Salon des Artistes Français under reference number 3396, and the composition was used by Real del Sarte for five war memorials. These are listed below. "Je t'ai cherché" translates as "I looked/searched for you". Sarte works the compositions beautifully and there are connotations of Mary covering Jesus' body with a shroud or winding sheet War memorials using the composition "Terre de France" Other war memorials Works featuring Joan of Arc Bust of Joan of Arc in the Basilique-Jeanne-d'Arc in Paris Construction of this Basilique in honour of Joan of Arc was finished in 1964. Apart from a bust of Joan of Arc by Real del Sarte inside the church, there is a statue of Joan of Arc outside the church by Félix Charpentier The site of the church wa ...
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End Of Basque Home Rule In France
The end of Basque home rule or '' foruak/fors'', the native institutional and legal system, took place during the French revolutionary period (1789-1795). The final violent dissolution of the semi-autonomous Basque institutional and legal system was coupled with the arrival of French troops to the Basque Country within the War of the Pyrenees and a deliberate terror on the Basque population centred in Labourd. It resulted in the abrupt suppression of all native governmental and jurisdictional organs and the establishment of the departement of the Lower Pyrenees (''Basses-Pyrénées''), as well as the ''departement'' administrative system, as everywhere in France. Background Although gradually curtailed starting 1620, the Basques in the Kingdom of France maintained a semi-autonomous status favoured by their peripheral location and common bonds with their peer Basque districts in Spain, ruled by a similar self-empowerment system. However, each district held a different governme ...
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Devoucoux
Devoucoux, named after its founder, is a French manufacturing company that produces high-end horse saddles. History The company was founded in the year 1985 by Jean-Michel Devoucoux in his workshop in the Basque village of Sare. Devoucoux was an ex-apprentice groom from Ciboure in the Pyrénées Atlantiques and had trained to make both harnesses and saddles. The company now has sixty employees. The initial US product line was launched in 1999. In 2007, Director Brice Goguet was replaced by Benjamin Auzimour for United States operations, and Didier Brailly took over in the UK. In 2008, the company supported the British Horse Society by offering a saddle as a prize to new members. Sponsorship Devoucoux is an active sponsorship brand, sponsoring riders including Thomas Carlile, Gilles Pons, Rodolphe Scherer, Stanislas de Zuchovitch, Pippa Funnell, Dani Evans, and Jennie Brannigan. Devoucoux was the sponsor of the $30,000 Otter Creek Grand Prix, a show jumping competition hel ...
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Communes Of The Pyrénées-Atlantiques Department
The following is a list of the 545 Communes of France, communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department of France. The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 2025):Périmètre des groupements en 2025
BANATIC. Accessed 28 May 2025.
*Communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées *Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque *Communauté de communes Adour Madiran (partly) *Communauté de communes du Béarn des Gaves *Communauté de communes du Haut Béarn *Communauté de communes de Lacq-Orthez *Communauté de communes des Luys en Béarn *Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn *Communauté de communes du Pays de Nay (partly) *Communauté de communes de la Vallée d'Ossau


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Victor Iturria
Victor Iturria (22 October 1914 – 25 August 1944) was a Basque French paratrooper during World War II. He served as an anti-tank gunner during the Battle of France and was evacuated to England during the Battle of Dunkirk, where he joined the Free French Forces under General de Gaulle. Iturria was assigned to the Free French paratroopers that joined the British Special Air Service in North Africa, with them he took part in several raids behind enemy lines. In 1944 he parachuted into occupied France during the liberation and fought with the French Resistance in Brittany and then in Southern France, where he was killed in an ambush. Biography Victor Iturria was born on 22 October 1914 in Bassussarry in the French Basque Country. He was mobilized and took part in the Battle of France as corporal and gunner of a 25 mm anti-tank gun. As such, he received a citation for having, by himself, disabling seven German tanks during an attack. Severely wounded during the retreat to Dunkir ...
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Wentworth Webster
Wentworth Webster (16 June 1828 – 2 April 1907) was an Anglican clergyman, scholar, and collector of folk tales of the Basque Country. Biography After studying in a private school in Brighton, he entered Lincoln College, Oxford at the age of 21 and graduated in 1852. In 1854, he started as a deacon in the parish of Cloford, Somerset. Though his fragile health delayed his ordination, he became a priest in 1861. He was then allowed to exercise his ministry to the English residents in France. He had previously traveled to Scotland, Germany, Switzerland, the Azores, Rio de Janeiro, and Buenos Aires. From 1862 to 1863, he traveled to Egypt before settling in southwest France. He was a tutor in the commune of Bagneres-de-Bigorre where he met his future wife. Eventually, he served as the first chaplain of the new anglican church established in Saint-Jean-de-Luz from 1869–1882. During those years, he had four girls and a boy who all spoke fluent Basque. During his stay, he coll ...
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Alberto Palacio
Alberto de Palacio y Elissague (1856–1939) was a Spanish engineer and architect born in Sare, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Sare (Northern Basque Country) and grown up in Gordexola.''Alberto de Palacio y Elissague''
, March 27, 2010 (Spanish) He studied architecture in Barcelona and completed his education in Paris, studying mathematics, engineering, astronomy and medicine.Madrid Histórico''Palaccio Elissague, Alberto del''
retrieved April 22, 2012 (Spanish)
He was also a student & disciple o ...
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Anglo-Portuguese Army
The Anglo-Portuguese Army was the combined British and Portuguese army that participated in the Peninsular War, under the command of Arthur Wellesley. The Army is also referred to as the British-Portuguese Army and, in Portuguese, as the ''Exército Anglo-Luso'' or the ''Exército Anglo-Português''. The Anglo-Portuguese Army was established with the British Army deployed to the Iberian Peninsula under the command of General Arthur Wellesley, and the Portuguese Army rebuilt under the leadership of British General William Beresford and the Portuguese War Secretary Miguel Pereira Forjaz. The new Portuguese battalions were supplied with British equipment, trained to British standards and thoroughly re-organised. Incompetent or corrupt officers were cashiered and appropriate replacements were appointed or promoted from amongst promising Non-commissioned officers. On 22 April 1809, Wellesley became Commander-in-Chief of the British Army in the Peninsula, replacing General ...
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