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Raúl Sapena Pastor
Raul Sapena Pastor Guérin (9 October 1908 – 15 June 1989) was a Paraguayan lawyer, diplomat, professor and judge who served as foreign minister of the Republic of Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. It has a population of around 6 ... from 1956 to 1976. Family He was the youngest of 9 children. His parents were Francisco Sapena y Pastor, a Spanish immigrant, and Josephine Guérìn Mertens, a French immigrant. Near the end of the Chaco War, he married Juana Brugada Montero, with whom he lived all his life and had 4 children: Graciela Josefina, Raúl Ricardo, Rubén Adolfo and Gloria Susana. Early years He began his studies at the Normal School of Asunción. In 1924 he completed his secondary studies obtaining a bachelor's degree in Sciences and Letters, along with a medal for being th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of Justice Of Paraguay
The Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay () is the highest court of Paraguay. The Senate and the President of Paraguay select its nine ministers (judges) on the basis of recommendations from a constitutionally created (Council of Magistrates). The court meets at the Palace of Justice in Asuncion. The court consists of three chambers: Constitutional, Civil and Commercial and Criminal and each chamber has three ministers. The present President (Chief Justice) of the Supreme Court is César Diesel. Notable cases * '' Mickey SRL. v. The Walt Disney Company'' Notes External links * Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ... Politics of Paraguay Political organisations based in Paraguay Law of Paraguay Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay {{LatAm- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfredo Stroessner
Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda (; 3 November 1912 – 16 August 2006) was a Paraguayan politician, army general and Military dictatorship, military dictator who ruled as the 42nd president of Paraguay from 15 August 1954 until his overthrow in 1989. Known there as ''El Stronato'', Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner, his dictatorship was marked by political violence. Before his accession to the presidency, he was the country's ''de facto'' leader from May to August 1954. Stroessner rose to power after leading the 1954 Paraguayan coup d'état on 4 May, with backing from the Colorado Party (Paraguay), Colorado Party and Paraguayan Army. Following a brief provisional government under Tomás Romero Pereira, he was elected unopposed in the 1954 Paraguayan presidential election, 1954 presidential election, as all opposition parties had been banned since 1947. He quickly suspended constitutional and civil rights upon taking office on 15 August 1954. With the army and military police, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Vasco Núñez De Balboa
The Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa is an order of Panama, instituted on 1 July 1941 (''Ley No. 94 de 1 de julio de 1941''). It is awarded for distinguished diplomatic services and contributions to international relations between Panama and other states. It is named after the Spanish conquistador, Vasco Núñez de Balboa. Ranks There are 5 ranks in the order: * Extraordinary Grand Cross (''Gran Cruz Extraordinaria'') * Grand Cross (''Gran Cruz'') * Grand Officer (''Gran Oficial'') * Commander (''Comendador'') * Knight (''Caballero'') Insignia The ribbon is purple with a yellow central stripe. Notable recipients * Extraordinary Grand Crosses ** Juan Carlos I of Spain ** Óscar Osorio * Grand Crosses ** Albert II, Prince of Monaco ** Miguel Alemán Velasco ** Henry H. Arnold ** Cristian Barros ** Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro ** Andrés Carrascosa Coso (2017) ** Jimmy Carter ** Jacques Diouf ** Dwight D. Eisenhower ** Felipe VI of Spain ** Guillermo Fernández de S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Orange-Nassau
The Order of Orange-Nassau () is a civil and military Dutch order of chivalry founded on 4 April 1892 by the queen regent, Emma of the Netherlands. The order is a chivalric order open to "everyone who has performed acts of special merits for society.” These are people who deserve appreciation and recognition from society for the special way in which they have carried out their activities. Titles, prefixes, or post-nominals are not used in the Netherlands – the only exception being the Military William Order. History In 1841 William II of the Netherlands, as Grand Duke of Luxembourg, created the Order of the Oak Crown. Although this was officially not a Dutch order, honours were regularly conferred on Dutch people. After the death of William III, Luxembourg, according to the Nassau Family Pact, became the domain of the other branch of the House of Nassau. In the Netherlands the need for a third order, beside the Military William Order and Order of the Netherlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Rubén Darío
The Order of Rubén Darío () is a medal of honor in Nicaragua that was established on February 16, 1951. It is given to notable people who contributed to the world of art, literature, science and international relations. History The Order of Rubén Darío was proposed by Anastasio Somoza García on February 16, 1951; named after Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío and given to notable people who contributed in the field of art, literature, science and international relations. Recipients * Julio Cortázar, Argentinian-French writer. * Gregorio Selser, Argentinian journalist and writer. * Aleida March, Cuban politician. * Margot Honecker, East German politician. * Florence Jaugey, French actress, movie director and producer. * , Spanish politician. * Raphael Girard, Swiss-Guatemalan ethnographer. * Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer * Grace Kelly, American actress and the princess of Monaco. * Rainier III, Prince of Monaco. * , Nicaraguan writer. * , Nicaraguan ethnomusicologist. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Pro Merito Melitensi
The Order of Merit (; ) is the order of merit of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, established in 1920. It is awarded to recipients who have brought honour to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, promoted Christian values and for charity (virtue), charity as defined by the Roman Catholic Church. Unlike Knights or Dames of the Order of Malta (which is a Chivalric order, military order of chivalry), those decorated with the Order are not invested in a religious ceremony, do not swear any oath or make any religious commitment. It may therefore be bestowed upon non-Catholics. Conferees include prominent statesmen, such as Presidents Ronald Reagan, who received it while still in office, and George H. W. Bush. The order comprises two ranks and six grades, including Commander (order), Commander, now rare in the Order of Malta, and has no nobiliary grades, thus being comparable to numerous orders of merit around the world, including the Papal orders, France's Order of merit, O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Rising Sun
The is a Japanese honors system, Japanese order, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese government, created on 10 April 1875 by decree of the Council of State. The badge features rays of sunlight from the rising sun. The design of the Rising Sun symbolizes energy as powerful as the rising sun in parallel with the "rising sun" concept of Japan ("Land of the Rising Sun"). The Order of the Rising Sun is awarded to people who have rendered distinguished service to the state in #Criteria for awarding, various fields except military service. Since there is no order for military achievements under the current Japanese system, Japan Self-Defense Forces personnel are awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure for their long engagement in public service. Prior to the end of World War II, it was also awarded for exemplary military service. In 2003, the 7th and 8th Class, which were at the bottom of the Order of the Rising ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Merit Of The Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic () is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second President of Italy, President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi. The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI. The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362). Grades Investiture takes place twice a year – on 2 June, the anniversary of the 1946 Italian institutional referendum, foundation of the Republic, and on 27 December, the anniversary of the promulgation of the Cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Republic (Egypt)
The Order of the Republic is an Egyptian order of knighthood. History The Order was founded in 1953 to celebrate the rebirth of the Egypt, Republic of Egypt. Classes The order is composed of the following classes of merit : * First class – Grand Cordon * Second class * Third class * Fourth class * Fifth class Insignia * The ''ribbon'' is green with golden and red borders. Notable recipients * Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (24 January 1973) * Omar Sharaf, Egyptian diplomat (February 1973) * Ginandjar Kartasasmita, List of speakers of the Regional Representative Council of Indonesia, Speaker of the Regional Representative Council of Indonesia (1978) * Sudharmono, Vice President of Indonesia * L. B. Moerdani, Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces * Idham Chalid, Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia (1959) * Che Guevara, Argentine revolutionary (1959) * Hassan Shehata, Egyptian footballer (1980) * Charles III, Monarchy of the United Kingdom, King o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Order Of Merit (Ecuador)
The National Order of Merit () is a civil order granted by the President of Ecuador. The Order, which is the second highest among the , was established on October 8, 1921, and promulgated in ' No. 337 on October 27, 1921. It was later modified by Decree No. 37 on June 28, 1937, and by Decree No. 3109 on September 26, 2002. Degrees and distinctions The National Order of Merit is presented by the President of the Republic at personal discretion or by the advice of the ministries. Applicants must have complied with the requirements of service or representation of the country in the civil, military, or police fields. It has six grades: * Grand Collar * Grand Cross * Grand Officer * Commander * Officer * Knight Ribbons * The ribbon for the collar grade is completely yellow. * The ribbon for other grades is yellow with thin blue and red stripes, one on each edge. Selected recipients Grand Collar *''2014'' José Mujica *''2018'' Martín Vizcarra *''2018'' Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Boyacá
The Order of Boyacá () is the highest peacetime decoration of Colombia. The order is awarded for exceptional service to distinguished Colombian military officers and civilians as well as foreign citizens of friendly nations. Established in 1922, the Order of Boyacá traces its origin to a ''Cruz de Boyacá'' that was awarded to the generals who led their forces to victory in the Battle of Boyaca in 1819. Reestablished in 1919 as an award for military personnel the order has undergone revisions and expansions into its current form, with the biggest change happening in 1922 where civilians became eligible to be awarded the Order of Boyaca. Grades The Order of Boyacá is awarded in eight different grades: * Grand Collar (''Gran Collar''), awarded to heads of state and to the President of Colombia upon his election. * Grand Cross Extraordinary (''Gran Cruz Extraordinaria''), awarded to former heads of state and Colombian Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinals. * Grand Cross (''Gran Cruz'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Merit (Chile)
The Order of Merit () is a Chilean order of merit and was created in 1929. Succeeding the Medal of the Merit, which was created during the term of the President Germán Riesco through the Minister of War decree No. 1350 on 4 September 1906. This new national distinction was created to recognize the meritorious service provided by foreign military personnel to Chilean officials. The order is only awarded to foreigners. History In 1817, Bernardo O'Higgins created the Legion of Merit, with the aim of recognizing the ones who have provided help to Chile, specially during its Independence of Chile, independence. In 1823, when O'Higgins fled the country after his abdication, the Legion was extinct. Nevertheless, in 1906, Germán Riesco created the ''Medal of the Merit'', with the same aim as the current Order: award those who gave civil services to the Republic. The first 200 military medals were minted in gold and silver, giving them the title of ''First'' and ''Second Class''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
