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Półkozic Coat Of Arms
Półkozic is a Polish heraldry, Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History According to legend, this coat was assigned to knight Stawisz, who was defending the foreign castle of Etecz (or Eczech) against the pagans. When besieged, he ordered to kill a goat and a donkey, and then use their blood to paint ox's hide. With this hide he then ordered to decorate the walls of the castle. The pagans, seeing that defenders had so much meat as to waste it, lifted the siege and left. The knight was rewarded by the king Bolesław I Chrobry with a coat of arms and returned to Poland. The bearers of the coat were mentioned since early Piast era. Initially they were tied to the land of Lesser Poland, (regions of Sandomierz and Kraków), regions near Lublin, Rawa Mazowiecka, Sieradz and then Red Ruthenia. After the Union of Horodlo, Union of Horodło bearers of the coat of arms appeared also in Lithuania. Blazon Gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal society, feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France. Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish ''szlachta'' (nobility). History Unlike Western Europe, in Poland, the Polish nobles did not emerge exclusively from the Feudalism, feudal class of knights but stemmed in great part from earlier Slavic peoples, Slavic local rulers and free warriors and mercenaries. Rulers often hired these free warriors and mercenaries to form military units () and eventually, in the 11th century during the time of Casimir I the Restorer with the development of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Ligęza
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.Schoenauer, Norbert (2000). ''6,000 Years of Housing'' (rev. ed.) (New York: W.W. Norton & Company). Houses use a range of different roofing systems to keep precipitation such as rain from getting into the dwelling space. Houses generally have doors or locks to secure the dwelling space and protect its inhabitants and contents from burglars or other trespassers. Most conventional modern houses in Western cultures will contain one or more bedrooms and bathrooms, a kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A house may have a separate dining room, or the eating area may be integrated into the kitchen or another room. Some large houses in North America have a recreation room. In traditional agriculture-oriented societies, domes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdybań Warkowicki
Kurdybań Warkowicki, or Kurdyban–Warkowicki, was a Polish village in Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939) before the joint Nazi German and Soviet invasions of Poland in 1939. It was located near the town of Warkowicze () in Dubno County, in the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic (now, in Ukraine). Volhynia Gazetteer. Location according to SGGEE guideline, p. 20: Kurdiban (Kurdyban-Warkowicki/W of Varkovychi) near Dubno The village was eradicated during the Polish population transfers after World War II, when the |
Brody Castle
Brody Castle (, ''Brodivskyi zamok'') is a former fortress in the city of Brody, part of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. History and overview The earliest information about the construction of the castle in Brody town refers to the 1580s. Crown Hetman () Stanisław Koniecpolski acquired Brody town in 1629 and built the castle bastion of a new type between 1630 and 1635 under the supervision of Italian architect Andrea del Aqua, based on a design by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan. The castle was pentagonal in plan and included five bastions and curtain walls, with octagonal dungeons in the middle. It was surrounded by the deep moat. The total number of casemates in the castle was 75; they were used as barracks and warehouses. The governor lived in a wooden house in the castle grounds. This house, as well as a wooden chapel, remained until the middle of the 18th century. The castle and the fortress withstood a siege by Cossack troops that lasted several weeks during the Khmelnytsky ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Rzeszowski
Jan Rzeszowski (d. 1488) was a Polish nobleman, soldier, and clergyman. He was Bishop of Kraków (1471–1488). Life Jan Rzeszowski was born into a family that claimed the Półkozic coat of arms. In his youth, he took part in the Battle at Varna and managed to survive despite catastrophic losses experienced by the Poles and Hungarians. The king himself, Władysław III, and several of the king's personal soldiers were killed. During his career as Bishop of Kraków, Rzeszowski pioneered the use of the printing press for the production and distribution of sacral literature. He commissioned Peter Schöffer's presses for this purpose. Other religious leaders in Poland eventually followed Rzeszowski's example. Rzeszowski provided funding for the ''Collegium Iuridicum'' of the Kraków Academy. According to Ludwik Łętowski, a later writerMichalski, M. (2023). Biskup Ludwik Łętowski (1786–1868) i jego bibliofilskie pasje. ''Saeculum Christianum'', 1(30). referencing Dł ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj Wolski
Mikołaj Wolski (1553–1630), bearer of the Półkozic coat of arms, was a Polish magnate, Court Marshal (1600-1616), Crown Grand Marshal (1616–1630), and a diplomat of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Wolski was also the starost of Krzepice and Olsztyn. He founded the first Polish Camaldolese Monastery - Hermitage of Silver Mountain in Bielany near Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 .... References 1553 births 1630 deaths People from Pidhaitsi 16th-century Polish nobility Polish Roman Catholics Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Polish patrons of the arts 17th-century Polish nobility Crown grand marshals {{Poland-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Mickiewicz
Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (24 December 179826 November 1855) was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator and political activist. He is regarded as national poet in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. He also largely influenced Ukrainian literature. A principal figure in Polish Romanticism, he is one of Poland's " Three Bards" () and is widely regarded as Poland's greatest poet. He is also considered one of the greatest Slavic and European poets and has been dubbed a "Slavic bard". A leading Romantic dramatist, he has been compared in Poland and Europe to Byron and Goethe. He is known chiefly for the poetic drama '' Dziady'' (''Forefathers' Eve'') and the national epic poem '' Pan Tadeusz''. His other influential works include '' Konrad Wallenrod'' and '' Grażyna''. All these served as inspiration for uprisings against the three imperial powers that had partitioned the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth out of existence. Mickiewicz was born in the Russian-parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pan Tadeusz
''Pan Tadeusz'' (full title: ''Sir Thaddeus, or the Last Foray in Lithuania: A Nobility's Tale of the Years 1811–1812, in Twelve Books of Verse'') is an epic poem by the Polish people, Polish poet, writer, translator and philosopher Adam Mickiewicz. The book, written in Polish alexandrines, was first published by Aleksander Jełowicki on 28 June 1834 in Paris. It is deemed one of the last great List of epic poems#Modern epics (from 1500), epic poems in European literature.Czesław Miłosz''The history of Polish literature.''IV. ''Romanticism'', p. 228. Google Books. ''University of California Press'', 1983. ''Pan Tadeusz'', Poland's national epic, is Curriculum#Core curriculum, compulsory reading in Polish schools and has been translated into 33 languages. Pan Tadeusz (film), A film version, directed by Andrzej Wajda, was released in 1999. In 2014 ''Pan Tadeusz'' was incorporated into Poland's list in the UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. __TOC__ Content The story tak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław II Jagiełło
Jogaila (; 1 June 1434), later Władysław II Jagiełło (),Other names include (; ) (see also Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło) was Grand Duke of Lithuania beginning in 1377 and starting in 1386, becoming King of Poland as well. As Grand Duke, he ruled Lithuania from 1377 to 1381 and from 1382 to 1401, at which time he became the Supreme Duke of Lithuania in exchange for naming his cousin Vytautas as the new Grand Duke. Władysław II initially served as King of Poland alongside his wife Jadwiga of Poland, Jadwiga until her death in 1399, and then the sole ruler until his own death in 1434. Raised a Lithuanian polytheist, he converted to Catholicism in 1386 and baptized as Ladislaus () in Kraków, married the young Queen Jadwiga, and was crowned King of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło. In 1387, he Christianization of Lithuania, converted Lithuania to Catholicism. His reign in Poland started in 1399, upon the death of Queen Jadwiga, lasted a further thirty-fiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Grunwald
The Battle of Grunwald was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), and Grand Duke Vytautas, decisively defeated the German Teutonic Order, led by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the Teutonic Order's leadership was killed or taken prisoner. Although defeated, the Teutonic Order withstood the Siege of Marienburg (1410), subsequent siege of the Malbork Castle and suffered minimal territorial losses at the Peace of Thorn (1411), with other territorial disputes continuing until the Treaty of Melno in 1422. The order, however, never recovered their former power, and the financial burden of war reparations caused internal conflicts and an economic downturn in the lands controlled by them. The battle shifted the Balance of power (international relations), balance of power in Central Europe, Central and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcin Of Wrocimowice
Marcin of Wrocimowice (, ; died 1442) was a Polish knight and diplomat from the Półkozic clan. He served as Starosta (prefect) of Łowicz and as Standard-Bearer of the Territory of Kraków. In the latter capacity, he carried the banner of the Territory of Kraków — which was, at the same time, the Banner of the Kingdom of Poland – under which a unit consisting of Poland's elite knights, including such chivalrous celebrities as Zawisza the Black, went to the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg) on 15 July 1410. According to Jan Długosz, during the course of the battle, the national banner slipped out of Marcin's hand and fell on the ground, but it was quickly picked up and saved from destruction by Polish army's most valiant knights, which gave the Poles even more motivation to strive for victory over the Teutonic Knights. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
