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Prestahnúkur
The peak Prestahnúkur () with a height of , is in the Western Volcanic Zone to the west of the Highlands of Iceland to the west of Langjökull glacier, or to be more specific, to the west of Geitlandsjökull glacier, a part of the Langjökull. The volcano Prestahnúkur includes the terrain under the Geitlandsjökull glacier continuous to the peak and also includes fissure fields to its north and south. The volcanic system The central volcano Prestahnúkur consists of a rhyolite tuya that was formed entirely under ice, and has been dated as 89 ± 24 , but another dating is about 60 ka. Two vents have been found. At the base of the northern flank is a geothermal area, with the rhyolite and hot springs suggesting that a long-lived magma chamber is or has been present. There has been intermittent seismic activity, mostly in an area about wide centred at the central volcano, but as no dyke intrusions have been observed, so it is unproven that the volcano is active. In 2009 g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Volcanoes In Iceland
There are too many presumed extinct or now inactive volcanic features to list all of these below, so most monogenetic volcanoes can not be mentioned individually. This list of volcanoes in Iceland only includes major active and dormant volcano, volcanic mountains, of which at least 18 vents have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began around 900 AD. Subsequent to the main list a list is presented that classifies the volcanoes into zones, systems and types. This is in the context that there are several classification systems and many of the volcanoes may have separate shallow magma chambers and a deeper common magma source. Where a major vent is part of a larger volcano this is indicated in the list comment. Since some of these vent eruptions have been very large, disruptive or been regarded in popular culture as a separate volcano they have been included in the list but where this is not the case it is not appropriate to duplicate or create entries. So for minor vent eru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Volcanic Eruptions In Iceland
This is an incomplete list of volcanic eruptions in Iceland. Please see External links below for databases of Icelandic eruptions which include over 530 events. ''For latest information about the current/ongoing series of eruptions near Grindavik on the Reykjanes peninsula - See 2023–2025 Sundhnúkur eruptions'' Index map of eruptions, fissures, glaciers and notable sites Alphabetic index of eruptions, fissures and notable sites Rome wasn't built in a day, (''Under construction.'') There are about 32 volcanic systems in Iceland. Volcanic system means a volcano-tectonic fissure system and – very often a bigger volcano, a so-called central volcano which in most cases is a stratovolcano and may contain a caldera. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Þórisjökull
Þórisjökull or Thórisjökull (, Icelandic for "Thóris's glacier") is a small glacier and volcano in western-central Iceland, to the southwest of Langjökull glacier. It has an elevation of . Kaldidalur lies in the foreground. Position þórisjökull is situated between Langjökull glacier and the shield volcano Ok to its east. The "Cold valley" (translation of Kaldidalur) is lying between them with its famous highland road of the same name. The volcano The glacier volcano Þórisjökull is a tuya from the Ice Age (in Iceland from 100,000 years ago til about 10,000 years ago). Its mountain part consists mainly of hyaloclastites. The glacier was part of Langjökull glacier probably til the end of the 18th century. Some geological research was made again on the Þórisjökull and Prestahnúkur area in 2009 and it shows clearly active volcanic fissures under the glacier which are part of the Prestahnúkur volcanic system (see weblink, Icelandic Meteorological Institute). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Volcano
A central volcano is a type of volcano formed by basalts and silica-rich volcanic rocks. They contain very few or no volcanic rocks of intermediate composition, such that they are chemically bimodal volcanism, bimodal. Large silicic eruptions at central volcanoes often result in the formation of one or more calderas. Central volcanoes can be stratovolcanoes or shield volcanoes. Central volcanoes undergo periodic eruptions throughout their lifetime, which can span more than a million years. In Iceland, volcanic systems are normally named after an associated central volcano. The largest known glaciovolcanism, glaciovolcanic central volcano on Earth is Mount Haddington, a glacier-covered shield volcano on James Ross Island in Antarctica. Examples Antarctica *Mount Discovery *Mount Morning Canada *Armadillo Peak *Ice Peak *Ilgachuz Range *Itcha Range *Level Mountain *Mount Edziza *Rainbow Range (Chilcotin Plateau), Rainbow Range *Spectrum Range Iceland *Askja *Eyjafjallajökull *K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Active Volcanoes
An active volcano is a volcano that is currently erupting, or has the potential to erupt in the future. Conventionally it is applied to any that have erupted during the Holocene (the current geologic epoch that began approximately 11,700 years ago). A volcano that is not currently erupting but could erupt in the future is known as a dormant volcano. Volcanoes that will not erupt again are known as extinct volcanoes. Overview There are 1,350 potentially active volcanoes around the world, 500 of which have erupted in historical time. Many active volcanoes are located along the Pacific Rim, also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire. An estimated 500 million people live near active volcanoes. ''Historical time'' (or recorded history) is another timeframe for ''active''. The span of recorded history differs from region to region. In China and the Mediterranean, it reaches back nearly 3,000 years, but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and Canada, it reaches back less tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geitlandsjökull
Geitlandsjökull () is a lateral glacier of Langjökull, with a flowshed of from the second largest ice cap in Iceland at , in the west of Iceland. It has also been used as the name for the substantial Langjökull ice cap, as has the name Suðurjöklar. The highest point of Geitlandsjökull, which lies on top of a tuya, reaches a height of . Unlike most of the outlet glaciers of Langjökull which are retreating, its recent mass balance is stable, as it intercepts the predominant low pressure weather systems from the south-west. In the Grettis saga ''Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar'' (modern , reconstructed ), also known as ''Grettla'', ''Grettir's Saga'' or ''The Saga of Grettir the Strong'', is one of the Icelanders' sagas. It details the life of Grettir Ásmundarson, a bellicose Icelandic ou ... the outlaw Grettir Ásmundarson climbed Geitlandsjökull and walked south from it to a grassy valley with hot springs and surrounded by glaciers on all sides. References {{DEFAULTSORT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mountains In Iceland ...
This is a list of mountains in Iceland List Notes References {{List of mountains in Europe Iceland Mountains Iceland Iceland is a Nordic countries, Nordic island country between the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe. It is culturally and politically linked with Europe and is the regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olivine
The mineral olivine () is a magnesium iron Silicate minerals, silicate with the chemical formula . It is a type of Nesosilicates, nesosilicate or orthosilicate. The primary component of the Earth's upper mantle (Earth), upper mantle, it is a common mineral in Earth's subsurface, but weathers quickly on the surface. Olivine has many uses, such as the gemstone peridot (or chrysolite), as well as industrial applications like metalworking processes. The ratio of magnesium to iron varies between the two endmember (mineralogy), endmembers of the solid solution series: forsterite (Mg-endmember: ) and fayalite (Fe-endmember: ). Compositions of olivine are commonly expressed as Mole (unit), molar percentages of forsterite (Fo) and/or fayalite (Fa) (''e.g.'', Fo70Fa30, or just Fo70 with Fa30 implied). Forsterite's melting temperature is unusually high at atmospheric pressure, almost , while fayalite's is much lower – about . Melting temperature varies smoothly between the two end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tholeiite
The tholeiitic magma series () is one of two main magma series in subalkaline igneous rocks, the other being the Calc-alkaline magma series, calc-alkaline series. A magma series is a chemically distinct range of magma compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma into a more evolved, silica rich end member. Rock types of the tholeiitic magma series include tholeiitic basalt, ferro-basalt, Basaltic andesite, tholeiitic basaltic andesite, Andesite, tholeiitic andesite, dacite and rhyolite. The variety of basalt in the series was originally called ''tholeiite'' but the International Union of Geological Sciences recommends that ''tholeiitic basalt'' be used in preference to that term.Le Maitre ''et al.'' 2002 Tholeiitic rock types tend to be more enriched in iron and less enriched in magnesium and aluminium than calc-alkaline rock types. They are thought to form in a less oxidized environment than calc-alkaline rocks. Tholeiitic basalt is formed at mid-ocean ridges and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaldadalsvegur
The Kaldadalsvegur (, ) is the shortest of the highland tracks traversing the Highlands of Iceland, therefore the nickname "highlands for beginners" . Its name derives from the valley it crosses: ''Kaldidalur'' means "cold dale/valley". Sometimes the Kaldadalsvegur is referred to as simply "the Kaldidalur". The route begins a bit to the north of Þingvellir and to the west of the volcano Skjaldbreiður, which really comes up to its name (meaning ''broad shield''). The track continues between the glaciers Þórisjökull and Ok and leads up to the north. To the east of Reykholt it comes near the ''Reykholtsdalur'' to Húsafell. Then it continues up to ''Hvammstangi'' at the ''Miðfjörður''. Signed as route 550 (formerly F550), the track is 40 kilometers long, and has no unbridged river crossings. (The Kaldadalsvegur is ''not'' an F road, and a four-wheel-drive vehicle is ''not'' legally required to traverse it, however many car rental companies forbid the use of their two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iceland
Iceland is a Nordic countries, Nordic island country between the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe. It is culturally and politically linked with Europe and is the region's westernmost and most list of countries and dependencies by population density, sparsely populated country. Its Capital city, capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which is home to about 36% of the country's roughly 380,000 residents (excluding nearby towns/suburbs, which are separate municipalities). The official language of the country is Icelandic language, Icelandic. Iceland is on a rift between Plate tectonics, tectonic plates, and its geologic activity includes geysers and frequent Types of volcanic eruptions, volcanic eruptions. The interior consists of a volcanic plateau with sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, and many Glacial stream, glacial rivers flow to the sea through the Upland and lowland, lowlands. Iceland i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanism Of Iceland
:''The volcano system in Iceland that started activity on August 17, 2014, and ended on February 27, 2015, is Bárðarbunga.'' :''The volcano in Iceland that erupted in May 2011 is Grímsvötn.'' Iceland experiences frequent volcanic activity, due to its location both on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary, and being over a hotspot. Nearly thirty volcanoes are known to have erupted in the Holocene epoch; these include Eldgjá, source of the largest lava eruption in human history. Some of the various eruptions of lava, gas and ash have been both destructive of property and deadly to life over the years, as well as disruptive to local and European air travel. Volcanic systems and volcanic zones of Iceland Holocene volcanism in Iceland is mostly to be found in the ''Neovolcanic Zone'', comprising the Reykjanes volcanic belt (RVB), the West volcanic zone (WVZ), the Mid-Iceland belt (MIB), the East volcanic zone (EVZ) and the North volcanic zone (NVZ). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
