Olimpo López
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Olimpo López
Olimpo López Cáceres (June 24, 1918 – October 16, 2015) was a Colombian pastry chef. He was nicknamed "Don Olimpo" by Colombians. López was the creator of the Chocoramo, a packaged square-shaped cake coated in chocolate, as well as the Ponqué Gala. Both desserts are popular treats manufactured by Productos Ramo, a Colombian snack food company which was founded by Rafael Molano, who died in 2014. Lopez's original, secret recipe for the Chocoramo is currently stored in a bank in the United States. He was born in Jericó, Boyacá Department, Colombia, on June 24, 1918. He was raised by his mother, Evangelina Gómez, who taught him how to make pastries. López first met Rafael Molano, the founder of Productos Ramo, during the 1940s. In 1968, López began working at Molano's factory in Mosquera, Cundinamarca, as a manager and developer of new snack products. The first new dessert he created was the Ponqué Gala. Then, in the early 1970s, López developed the recipe for the ...
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Colombian Nationality Law
Colombian nationality is typically obtained by birth in Colombia when one of the parents is either a Colombian national or a Colombian legal resident, by birth abroad when at least one parent was born in Colombia, or by naturalization, as defined by Article 96 of the Constitution of Colombia and the Law 43-1993 as modified by Legislative Act 1 of 2002. Colombian law differentiates between nationality and citizenship. Nationality is the attribute of the person in international law that describes their relationship to the State, whereas citizenship is given to those nationals (i.e. those that hold Colombian nationality) that have certain rights and responsibilities to the State. Article 98 of the Colombian constitution establishes that Colombian citizens are those nationals that are 18 years of age or older. Colombian citizens are entitled to vote in elections and exercise the public actions provided in the constitution. Nationality by birth Colombia does not grant Jus soli, ...
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Pastries
Pastry refers to a variety of doughs (often enriched with fat or eggs), as well as the sweet and savoury baked goods made from them. The dough may be accordingly called pastry dough for clarity. Sweetened pastries are often described as '' baker's confectionery''. Common pastry dishes include pies, tarts, quiches, croissants, and turnovers. The French word pâtisserie is also used in English (with or without the accent) for many of the same foods, as well as the set of techniques used to make them. Originally, the French word referred to anything, such as a meat pie, made in dough (''paste'', later ''pâte'') and not typically a luxurious or sweet product. This meaning still persisted in the nineteenth century, though by then the term more often referred to the sweet and often ornate confections implied today. Definitions The precise definition of the term pastry varies based on location and culture. Common doughs used to make pastries include filo dough, puff pastry, ch ...
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Colombian Inventors
Colombian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Colombia * Colombians, persons from Colombia, or of Colombian descent **For more information about the Colombian people, see: *** Demographics of Colombia *** Indigenous peoples in Colombia, Native Colombians *** Colombian American ** For specific persons, see List of Colombians * Colombian Spanish, one of the languages spoken in Colombia ** See also languages of Colombia * Colombian culture * Colombian sheep, a sheep breed * Colombian necktie * Columbians Drum and Bugle Corps, based in Pasco, Washington * Colombians, a 2017 instrumental Gorillaz track, released in the Super Deluxe boxset of "Humanz." See also * * * Christopher Columbus (1451–1506), Italian explorer after which Colombia was named * Coffee production in Colombia * Colombia (other) * Colombiana (other) * Colombina (other) * Colombino (other) * Colombine (other) * Columbia (disambiguati ...
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Pastry Chefs
A pastry chef or pâtissier (; feminine pâtissière, ) is a station chef in a professional kitchen, skilled in the making of pastry, pastries, desserts, breads and other Baking, baked goods. They are employed in large hotels, bistros, restaurants, bakery, bakeries, by caterers, and some cafés. Duties and functions The pastry chef is a member of the classic ''brigade de cuisine'' in a professional kitchen and is the Chef de partie, station chef of the pastry department. Day-to-day operations can also require the pastry chef to research recipe concepts and develop and test new recipes. Usually, the pastry chef does all the necessary preparation of the various desserts in advance, before dinner seating begins. The actual Food presentation, plating of the desserts is often done by another station chef, usually the ''garde manger'', at the time of order. The pastry chef is often in charge of the dessert menu, which, besides traditional desserts, could include dessert wines, special ...
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2015 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ...
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1918 Births
The ceasefire that effectively ended the First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people worldwide. In Russia, this year runs with only 352 days. As the result of Julian to Gregorian calendar switch, 13 days needed to be skipped. Wednesday, January 31 ''(Julian Calendar)'' was immediately followed by Thursday, February 14 ''(Gregorian Calendar)''. Events World War I will be abbreviated as "WWI" January * January – 1918 flu pandemic: The "Spanish flu" ( influenza) is first observed in Haskell County, Kansas. * January 4 – The Finnish Declaration of Independence is recognized by Soviet Russia, Sweden, Germany and France. * January 8 – American president Woodrow Wilson presents the Fourteen Points as a basis for peace negotiations to end the war. * January 9 – Battle of Bear Valley: U.S. troops engage Yaqui Native Ameri ...
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Cundinamarca Department
Department of Cundinamarca (, ) is one of the departments of Colombia. Its area covers (not including the Capital District) and it has a population of 2,919,060 as of 2018. It was created on August 5, 1886, under the constitutional terms presented on the same year. Cundinamarca is located in the center of Colombia. Cundinamarca's capital city is Bogotá, the capital of Colombia. This is a special case among Colombian departments, since List of capitals outside the territories they serve, Bogotá is not legally a part of Cundinamarca, yet it is the only department that has its capital designated by the Colombian Constitution of 1991, Constitution (if the capital were to be ever moved, it would take a constitutional reform to do so, instead of a simple ordinance passed by the Cundinamarca Assembly). In censuses, the populations for Bogotá and Cundinamarca are tabulated separately; otherwise, Cundinamarca's population would total over 11 million. Etymology The name of Cundin ...
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Mosquera, Cundinamarca
Mosquera is a municipality of Colombia in the Western Savanna Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. Mosquera is close to the capital Bogotá and is part of its metropolitan area. The urban centre of Mosquera is situated at an altitude of on the Bogotá savanna. The municipality borders the localities Bosa and Fontibón of Bogotá in the east, Soacha in the south, Madrid and Funza in the north and Bojacá in the west.Official website Mosquera


Etymology

Mosquera is named after its founder, former
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Rafael Molano
Rafael may refer to: * Rafael (given name) or Raphael, a name of Hebrew origin * Rafael, California Fiction * ''Rafael'' (TV series), a Mexican telenovela * ''Rafaël'' (film), a 2018 Dutch film People * Rafael (footballer, born 1978) (Rafael Pires Vieira), Brazilian football striker * Rafael (footballer, born 1979) (Rafael da Silva Santos), Brazilian football defender * Rafael (footballer, born 1980) (Rafael Pereira da Silva), Brazilian football right-back * Rafael (footballer, born March 1982) (Rafael de Andrade Bittencourt Pinheiro), Brazilian football goalkeeper * Rafael (footballer, born August 1982) (Rafael dos Santos Silva), Brazilian football striker * Rafael (footballer, born 1984) (Alberto Rafael da Silva), Brazilian football goalkeeper * Rafael (footballer, born 1986) (Rafael Diego de Souza), Brazilian football centre-back * Rafael (footballer, born 1987) (Rafael da Silva Gomes), Brazilian footballer * Rafael (footballer, born 1989) (Rafael Pires Monteiro), Br ...
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Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Peru and Ecuador to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 Departments of Colombia, departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is also the List of cities in Colombia by population, country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other major urban areas include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Colombia, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi) and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a co ...
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Pastry Chef
A pastry chef or pâtissier (; feminine pâtissière, ) is a station chef in a professional kitchen, skilled in the making of pastries, desserts, breads and other baked goods. They are employed in large hotels, bistros, restaurants, bakeries, by caterers, and some cafés. Duties and functions The pastry chef is a member of the classic ''brigade de cuisine'' in a professional kitchen and is the station chef of the pastry department. Day-to-day operations can also require the pastry chef to research recipe concepts and develop and test new recipes. Usually, the pastry chef does all the necessary preparation of the various desserts in advance, before dinner seating begins. The actual plating of the desserts is often done by another station chef, usually the '' garde manger'', at the time of order. The pastry chef is often in charge of the dessert menu, which, besides traditional desserts, could include dessert wines, specialty dessert beverages, and gourmet cheese platters. Th ...
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