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Oaklands Railway Line, Victoria
The Oaklands railway line is a freight-only railway line in north-eastern Victoria, Australia. The line branches from the main North East railway at Benalla station and runs across the Victoria-New South Wales border to the town of Oaklands, New South Wales. History The first section of line opened in 1883 as a branch line to St James, at the same time as the extension of the main line to Albury in New South Wales. In 1886, the line was extended another to Yarrawonga, on the southern bank of the Murray River, which formed the colonial and, later, the state boundary between Victoria and New South Wales. Under the 1922 Border Railways Act, the line was extended another 61 kilometres to Oaklands, New South Wales, where it met the existing New South Wales branch line, thereby becoming a break-of-gauge location. Although the construction of the extension was completed in 1932, trains on it were operated by the Railway Construction Branch, mostly using a rail tractor as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is a state in southeastern Australia. It is the second-smallest state with a land area of , the second most populated state (after New South Wales) with a population of over 6.5 million, and the most densely populated state in Australia (28 per km2). Victoria is bordered by New South Wales to the north and South Australia to the west, and is bounded by the Bass Strait to the south (with the exception of a small land border with Tasmania located along Boundary Islet), the Great Australian Bight portion of the Southern Ocean to the southwest, and the Tasman Sea (a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean) to the southeast. The state encompasses a range of climates and geographical features from its temperate coastal and central regions to the Victorian Alps in the northeast and the semi-arid north-west. The majority of the Victorian population is concentrated in the central-south area surrounding Port Phillip Bay, and in particular within the metr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diesel Electric Railmotor (VR)
The Diesel Electric Rail Motor (DERM) was a railmotor operated by the Victorian Railways of Australia. History Originally built as a petrol electric rail motor (PERM), they were the longest-lived rail motor on the Victorian Railways, with the first entering service in 1928 and the last being withdrawn in 1991. The rail motor was a standard product of the US Electro-Motive Corporation (a predecessor of Electro-Motive Diesel) and built between 1924 and 1932, albeit to a smaller loading gauge and wider track gauge. The first was imported in 1927, assembled at Newport Workshops, and placed in service in 1928. The bodies of the remaining nine were constructed at Newport Workshops using imported equipment and electrical equipment and placed in service between 1930 and 1931. The rail motors were initially powered by a Winton Motor Carriage Company petrol engine, until these wore out and were replaced in the 1950s by twin GM Detroit Diesel Series 71 engines, with a power outp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goorambat
Goorambat is a town in northern Victoria, Australia. The town is located in the Rural City of Benalla local government area, north of the state capital, Melbourne. At the , Goorambat and the surrounding area had a population of 297. History The Post Office opened on 17 March 1879 and the office named Goorambat Railway Station opened in 1883. Goorambat was later renamed Goorambat East and around 1909 Goorambat Railway Station was renamed to Goorambat. Queen Elizabeth II visited Goorambat in 1954 as part of her Victorian Tour and she stayed over in her royal carriage for one night. The Mechanics Institute hall, commonly known as the Goorambat Hall, opened on 18 September 1888 and is still in use currently. Transport Goorambat has a railway station with a grain silo on the Oaklands railway line, Victoria and the Vline bus travels through as part of the Mulwala link from the Albury line to Melbourne. The town has an Australian Rules football and Netball team competing in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as stratum, rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. Vast deposits of coal originate in former wetlands called coal forests that covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian (geology), Pennsylvanian) and Permian times. Many significant coal deposits are younger than this and originate from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Coal is used primarily as a fuel. While coal has been known and used for thousands of years, its usage was limited until the Industrial Revolution. With the invention of the steam engine, coal consumption increased. In 2020, coal supplied about a quarter of the world's primary energ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whitehaven Coal
Whitehaven Coal is an Australian coal mining company. History Whitehaven Coal was established in February 1999. In September 2000, mining operations commenced at the Canyon open cut mine near Gunnedah. Further mines were established at Werris Creek in September 2005 and Tarrawonga in June 2006 before the company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in June 2007. In June 2011, Whitehaven was granted approval to operate trains in its own right by the Australian Rail Track Corporation to the Port of Newcastle via the Main Northern railway line. In 2012, Nathan Tinkler made an unsuccessful attempt to take over the company. In 2015, the Maules Creek coal mine opened. The project was controversial and opposed by a coalition for Traditional Owners, farmers and environmentalists. Assets Current *Werris Creek mine, opened 2005, 100% shareholding *Tarrawaonga coal mine, opened 2006, 100% shareholding *Sunnyside coal mine, opened 2008, closed 2012, reopened 2017, 100% ownership ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coal Mine
Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United Kingdom and South Africa, a coal mine and its structures are a colliery, a coal mine is called a 'pit', and the above-ground structures are a ' pit head'. In Australia, "colliery" generally refers to an underground coal mine. Coal mining has had many developments in recent years, from the early days of men tunneling, digging and manually extracting the coal on carts to large open-cut and longwall mines. Mining at this scale requires the use of draglines, trucks, conveyors, hydraulic jacks and shearers. The coal mining industry has a long history of significant negative environmental impacts on local ecosystems, health impacts on local communities and workers, and contributes heavil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Shorthaul Railroad
Southern Shorthaul Railroad is an Australian rail freight services operator in New South Wales and Victoria. The company also provides workshop services, such as rolling stock manufacturing and wagon and locomotive maintenance. History Southern Shorthaul Railroad was established in December 2003, when the remains of Great Northern Rail Services were purchased from Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia. Current rail operations include grain haulage for Arrow Commodities, Emerald Grain, Newcastle AGRI Terminal, Allied Mills in NSW and VIC and George Weston Foods, intermodal operations for Fletchers International Exports and Grainforce in NSW, coal services for Centennial Coal in NSW, infrastructure trains for RailCorp in NSW, locomotive and wagon maintenance services for Pacific National and V/Line in Victoria, EMU deliveries for Metro Trains Melbourne and various transfer workings in NSW and Victoria. In 2010, SSR entered the coal haulage market. Operating on behalf of Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Digest
''Railway Digest'' is a monthly magazine, published in Sydney, covering contemporary railways of Australia. Overview The magazine's publisher is the Australian Railway Historical Society (ARHS), NSW Division. The first issue was published in March 1963 under the name ''New South Wales Digest'' and regular publication commenced with the May 1963 edition. It was renamed in January 1983. In January 1985 it changed paper size from SRA5 to A4. Originally an enthusiast magazine mainly focusing on reporting day-to-day workings of the New South Wales Government Railways and it successors, it was produced by volunteers using a hand-operated duplicator at the home of one of its members. In May 1993, a paid editor was appointed and the magazine's focus gradually shifted to reporting news from across Australia. It has evolved into a professional full-colour production directed at the wider community and commercially distributed to newsagents throughout Australia."Adapt or disappear - ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Zorro (railway)
El Zorro was an Australian railway operator hauling freight and infrastructure trains in Victoria and New South Wales. History El Zorro was founded in 1999 by Ray Evans who had a taste for things Spanish, El Zorro being Spanish for ''the fox''. At the time of liquidation, the company had two shareholders: director Ray Evans, and ex-director Lisa Trezise. Geoff Tighe, a co-founder and past shareholder and director, was formerly chief executive of Great Northern Rail Services, a now defunct operator which provided locomotives and crews to other operators in Victoria until November 2002.The Fox Gets on Track Business Review Australia In 2004, the company won a contract from sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Member Of The Legislative Assembly
A member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of a constituency to a legislative assembly. Most often, the term refers to a subnational assembly such as that of a state, province, or territory of a country. Still, in a few instances, it refers to a national legislature. Australia Members of the Legislative Assembly use the suffix MP instead of MLA in the states of New South Wales and Queensland. Members of the Legislative Assemblies of Western Australia, Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory, and Norfolk Island are known as MLAs. However, the suffix MP is also commonly used. South Australia has a House of Assembly, as does Tasmania, and both describe their members as MHAs. In Victoria, members may use either MP or MLA. In the federal parliament, members of the House of Representatives are designated MP and not MHR. Brazil In Brazil, members of all 26 legislative assemblies ( pt, assembléias legislativas) are called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gauge Conversion
Gauge conversion is the changing of one railway track gauge (the distance between the running rails) to another. Sleepers If tracks are converted to a narrower gauge, the existing sleepers (ties) may be used. However, replacement is required if the conversion is to a wider gauge. Some sleepers may be long enough to accommodate the fittings of both existing and alternative gauges. Wooden sleepers are suitable for conversion because they can be drilled for the repositioned rail spikes. Being difficult to drill, concrete sleepers are less suitable for conversion. Concrete sleepers may be cast with alternative gauge fittings in place, an example being those used during the conversion of the Melbourne–Adelaide railway from to . Steel sleepers may have alternative gauge fittings cast at production, may be drilled for new fittings or may be welded with new fittings. Structures Conversion from a narrow to a wider gauge may require enlargement of the structure gauge of the brid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Gauge
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of . The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), International gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge and European gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with approximately 55% of the lines in the world using it. All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except those in Russia, Finland, and Uzbekistan. The distance between the inside edges of the rails is defined to be 1435 mm except in the United States and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in U.S. customary/Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches" which is equivalent to 1435.1mm. History As railways developed and expanded, one of the key issues was the track gauge (the distance, or width, between the inner sides of the rails) to be used. Different railways used different gauges, and where rails of different gauge m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
