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Nitrospirota
Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as '' Nitrospira'', the largest. The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, '' Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria '' Nitrospira inopinata'' discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021 ** Class " Leptospirillia" *** Order " Leptospirillales" **** Family " Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ***** Genus '' Leptospirillum'' Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000 ****** Species "'' L. ferrodiazotrophum''" Tyson et al. 2005 ****** Species '' L. ferriphilum'' Coram & Rawlings 2002 ****** S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospiria
Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as '' Nitrospira'', the largest. The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, '' Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria '' Nitrospira inopinata'' discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021 ** Class " Leptospirillia" *** Order " Leptospirillales" **** Family " Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ***** Genus '' Leptospirillum'' Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000 ****** Species "'' L. ferrodiazotrophum''" Tyson et al. 2005 ****** Species '' L. ferriphilum'' Coram & Rawlings 2002 ****** S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospirales
Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as '' Nitrospira'', the largest. The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, '' Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria '' Nitrospira inopinata'' discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021 ** Class " Leptospirillia" *** Order " Leptospirillales" **** Family " Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ***** Genus '' Leptospirillum'' Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000 ****** Species "'' L. ferrodiazotrophum''" Tyson et al. 2005 ****** Species '' L. ferriphilum'' Coram & Rawlings 2002 ****** S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptospirillum Ferrooxidans
Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as ''Nitrospira'', the largest. The first member of this phylum, ''Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria '' Nitrospira inopinata'' discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021 ** Class " Leptospirillia" *** Order " Leptospirillales" **** Family " Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ***** Genus '' Leptospirillum'' Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000 ****** Species "'' L. ferrodiazotrophum''" Tyson et al. 2005 ****** Species '' L. ferriphilum'' Coram & Rawlings 2002 ****** Spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrifying Bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria are chemolithotrophic organisms that include species of genera such as '' Nitrosomonas'', ''Nitrosococcus'', '' Nitrobacter'', '' Nitrospina'', '' Nitrospira'' and '' Nitrococcus''. These bacteria get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic nitrogen compounds. Types include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Many species of nitrifying bacteria have complex internal membrane systems that are the location for key enzymes in nitrification: ammonia monooxygenase (which oxidizes ammonia to hydroxylamine), hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (which oxidizes hydroxylamine to nitric oxide - which is further oxidized to nitrite by a currently unidentified enzyme), and nitrite oxidoreductase (which oxidizes nitrite to nitrate). Ecology Nitrifying bacteria are present in distinct taxonomical groups and are found in highest numbers where considerable amounts of ammonia are present (such as areas with extensive protein decomposition, and sewa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Marina
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") translate into “a nitrate spiral” is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al. isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named ''Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, and hot springs. Nitrospira is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not limited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Inopinata
''Nitrospira inopinata'' is a bacterium from the phylum Nitrospirota. This phylum contains nitrite-oxidizing bacteria playing role in nitrification. However ''N. inopinata'' was shown to perform complete ammonia oxidation to nitrate thus being the first comammox bacterium to be discovered. ''N. inopinata'' was cultivated in enrichment culture. Initial inoculum was obtained in 2011 from microbial biofilm growing on metal surface of the pipe covered by hot water (56 °C, pH 7.5), which was raised from 1 200m deep oil exploration well. The well was located in Aushiger, North Caucasus, Russia. The growth in pure culture was achieved in 2017. Genome of ''N. inopinata'' was released in 2015 represented by 3.3 Mbp, with 3 116 genes and 59.2% GC content. NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Japonica
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") translate into “a nitrate spiral” is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al. isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named ''Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, and hot springs. Nitrospira is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not limited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") translate into “a nitrate spiral” is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al. isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named ''Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, and hot springs. Nitrospira is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not limited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Defluvii
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") translate into “a nitrate spiral” is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al. isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named ''Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, and hot springs. Nitrospira is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not limited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Moscoviensis
''Nitrospira moscoviensis'' was the second bacterium classified under the most diverse nitrite-oxidizing bacteria phylum, ''Nitrospirae''. It is a gram-negative, non-motile, facultative lithoauthotropic bacterium that was discovered in Moscow, Russia in 1995. The genus name, ''Nitrospira'', originates from the prefix “nitro” derived from nitrite, the microbe’s electron donor and “spira” meaning coil or spiral derived from the microbe’s shape. The species name, ''moscoviensis'', is derived from Moscow, where the species was first discovered. ''N. moscoviensis'' could potentially be used in the production of bio-degradable polymers. History In 1995, Silke Ehrich discovered ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'' in a sample taken from an eroded iron pipe. The pipe was a part of a heating system in Moscow, Russia. The rust was transferred to a culture where cells could be isolated. For optimum growth, Ehrich and his team cultivated the cells on a mineral salt medium at a temperat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The All-Species Living Tree Project
The All-Species Living Tree' Project is a collaboration between various academic groups/institutes, such as ARB, SILVA rRNA database project, and LPSN, with the aim of assembling a database of 16S rRNA sequences of all validly published species of ''Bacteria'' and ''Archaea''. At one stage, 23S sequences were also collected, but this has since stopped. Currently there are over 10,950 species in the aligned dataset and several more are being added either as new species are discovered or species that are not represented in the database are sequenced. Initially the latter group consisted of 7% of species. Similar (and more recent) projects include the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA), which focused on whole genome sequencing of bacteria and archaea. Tree The tree was created by maximum likelihood analysis without bootstrap: consequently accuracy is traded off for size and many phylum level clades are not correctly resolved (such as the Firmicutes). (Eukaryote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptospirillum Ferriphilum
''Leptospirillum ferriphilum'' is an iron-oxidising bacterium. It is one of the species responsible for the generation of acid mine drainage Acid mine drainage, acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD), or acid rock drainage (ARD) is the outflow of acidic water from metal mines or coal mines. Acid rock drainage occurs naturally within some environments as part of the rock weathering .... It is of particular relevance in South African commercial biooxidation tanks operating at 40 °C. References Further reading * * * * External links *Type strain of ''Leptospirillum ferriphilum'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Nitrospirota Bacteria described in 2002 {{bacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |