|
Medicare Levy
Medicare is the publicly funded universal health care insurance scheme in Australia. The Department of Health, Disability and Ageing manages the program, while Services Australia is responsible for claim and registration processing. The scheme either partially or fully covers the cost of most health care, with services being delivered by state and territory governments or private enterprises. All Australian citizens and permanent residents are eligible to enroll in Medicare, as well as international visitors from 11 countries that have reciprocal agreements for medically necessary treatment. The Medicare Benefits Schedule lists a standard operating fees for eligible services, called the ''schedule fee'', and the percentage-portion of that fee that Medicare will pay for. When a health service charges only how much Medicare will pay, this is called a "bulk billed" service. Providers can charge more than the schedule fee for services, with patients responsible for the "gap p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medibank
Medibank is an Australian private health insurance provider headquartered in Melbourne, Victoria (state), Victoria. It is Australia's largest private health insurance provider, covering around 4.2 million customers in 2024. Medibank initially started as an Australian Government not-for-profit insurer in 1976, before becoming for-profit in 2009 under the Rudd government (2007–2010), Rudd Government and Privatization, privatised by the Abbott government in 2014. Medibank now operates as a publicly-listed company on the Australian Securities Exchange. History Medibank began as an Australian Government private health insurance scheme, established by the Whitlam government in 1975 through the Health Insurance Commission. In its original form, it was a universal health insurance programme funded through taxation, that also ensured free treatment at public hospitals and provided subsidies to private hospitals. The subsequent Fraser government reduced the subsidies and allowed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menzies Government (1949–1966)
The Menzies government (1949–1966) refers to the second period of federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies. It was made up of members of a Liberal– Country Party coalition in the Australian Parliament from 1949 to 1966. Menzies led the Liberal–Country Coalition to election victories in 1949, 1951, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1961 and 1963. Robert Menzies was Australia's longest serving prime minister. He had served a previous term as prime minister as leader of the United Australia Party from 1939 to 1941. Although he would retire in 1966, his party would remain in office until 1972, an unprecedented 23 years of government from nine consecutive election victories. Background United Australia Party The United Australia Party had been formed as a new conservative alliance in 1931, with Labor defector Joseph Lyons as its leader and John Latham, hitherto leader of the Nationalist Party of Australia as his deputy. The stance of Lyons and another ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is the term for the publicly funded health care, publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom: the National Health Service (England), NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, and Health and Social Care (Northern Ireland) which was created separately and is often referred to locally as "the NHS". The original three systems were established in 1948 (NHS Wales/GIG Cymru was founded in 1969) as part of major social reforms following the Second World War. The founding principles were that services should be comprehensive, universal and free at the point of delivery. Each service provides a comprehensive range of health services, provided without charge for residents of the United Kingdom apart from dental treatment and optical care. In England, NHS patients have to pay prescription charges; some, such as those aged over 60, or those on certain state benefits, are exempt. Taken together, the four services in 2015–16 employed around 1.6 million people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1946 Australian Referendum (Social Services)
The ''Constitution Alteration (Social Services) Bill 1946'', was a successful proposal to alter the Australian Constitution to give the Commonwealth power over a range of social services. The question was put to a referendum in the 1946 Australian referendum with two other (unrelated) questions. It was carried and inserted into section 51 of the Australian Constitution. Question ''Do you approve of the proposed law for the alteration of the Constitution entitled 'Constitution Alteration (Social Services) 1946'?'' Section 51 of the Australian Constitution grants the commonwealth legislative power. Prior to this amendment the only social services provision was s51(xxiii) that gave power to legislate for invalid and old-age pensions. The proposal was to introduce s51(xxiiiA), which reads:. (xxiiiA) the provision of maternity allowances, widows' pensions, child endowment, unemployment, pharmaceutical, sickness and hospital benefits, medical and dental services (but not so as to au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Worker (Brisbane)
''The Worker'' was a newspaper published in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia between 1890 and 1974. It was affiliated with the Australian Labor Party. History The newspaper was first published as Vol. 1, no. 1 on 1 March 1890 and the last issue was Vol. 85, no. 4119 on 19 August 1974. It was originally known as ''The Australian Workman'', and later as ''The Brisbane Worker''. While the official title of the newspaper is ''The worker : monthly journal of the Associated Workers of Queensland'', from 1896 the subtitle was changed to ''Official journal of the Federated Workers of Queensland''. Between 1917 and 1918 the subtitle was ''Australia's pioneer co-operative labor journal''. Digitisation The paper has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program of the National Library of Australia. See also * List of newspapers in Australia This is a list of newspapers in Australia. ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' is the most-read newspaper in Australia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Cooper (politician)
Frank Arthur Cooper (16 July 1872 – 30 November 1949) was Premier of Queensland from 1942 to 1946 for the Labor Party.Cooper, Frank Arthur (1872–1949) '''' He was born on 16 July 1872 at , the son of an English miller and his Irish wife who had immigrated to Australia. Frank was educated in Sydney and worked as a clerk in various capacities around Sydney, including the Sydney diocese of the |
Chifley Government
The Chifley government was the federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Ben Chifley. It was made up of members of the Australian Labor Party in the Australian Parliament from 1945 to 1949. Background A week after Labor Prime Minister John Curtin died on the eve of victory in the Second World War in July 1945,the party elected Ben Chifley as Curtin's successor. In office Following his 1945 election as leader of the Australian Labor Party after the death of John Curtin, Chifley, a former railway engine driver, became Australia's 16th Prime Minister on 13 July 1945. The Second World War ended with the defeat of Japan in the Pacific just four weeks later. Chifley served as Prime Minister and Treasurer. To combat inflationary pressures, he proposed a continuation of wartime price and import controls, and rationing of scarce commodities. In August 1945, only two days after the end of World War II, the Australian parliament passed the Australian National Ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commonwealth Rehabilitation Service
The Commonwealth Rehabilitation Service was an Australian Government body that provided rehabilitation and employment services to Australians with a disability from 1941 until 2015. At this time, the body was abolished and replaced with the more decentralised National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) and Disability Employment Services (DES) networks. History In 1941, the Curtin government established the Vocational Training Scheme for Invalid Pensioners. This body grew and became known by a variety of different names with the initials CRS. In 1948, it became the Commonwealth Rehabilitation Service. Its services were predominantly delivered from a small number of large facilities in capital cities. George Burniston was the Chief Medical Officer of the organisation for a time. In the late 1970s, the number of new migrants in Victoria accepting offers of CRS services were much lower than for non-migrants. In 1979 approximately 15% of new migrants accepted compared to 54% for non ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapy (OT), also known as ergotherapy, is a healthcare profession. Ergotherapy is derived from the Greek wiktionary:ergon, ergon which is allied to work, to act and to be active. Occupational therapy is based on the assumption that engaging in meaningful activities, also referred to as occupations, is a basic human need and that purposeful activity has a health-promoting and therapeutic effect. Occupational science the study of humans as 'doers' or 'occupational beings' was developed by inter-disciplinary scholars, including occupational therapists, in the 1980s. The World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) defines occupational therapy as ‘a client-centred health profession concerned with promoting health and wellbeing through occupation. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life. Occupational therapists achieve this outcome by working with people and communities to enhance their abi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attorney-General (Vic) Ex Rel Dale V Commonwealth
''Attorney-General (Vic); Ex rel Dale v Commonwealth'',. commonly known as the "First Pharmaceutical Benefits case", was a High Court of Australia decision. The case dealt with limits of the powers of the Australian Federal Government under section 81 of the Constitution of Australia, Consolidated Revenue Fund. to take and spend money by legislation, in this case to fund reduced prices for prescription medicines. Background In 1944, the Labor Federal Government of Prime Minister Ben Chifley bill for the "Pharmaceutical Benefits Act 1944" received Royal Assent. The law was immediately challenged by the Attorney-General for Victoria on behalf of three Victorian medical doctors, Dale, McCallum and Watson, who were the president, vice-president and secretary of the Victorian Medical Association.The latin abbreviation "ex rel" in the title means "at the relation of" and indicates the Attorney General was bringing the proceedings on behalf of the doctors. Doctors opposed th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
The Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is a program of the Australian Government that subsidises prescription medication for Australian citizens and permanent residents, as well as international visitors covered by a reciprocal health care agreement. The PBS is separate to the Medicare Benefits Schedule, a list of health care services that can be claimed under Medicare, Australia's universal health care insurance scheme. The out-of-pocket amount for some medications has increased since 1960, with increased subsidies for concession holders beginning in 1983. Safety nets were introduced in 2000 and expanded in 2004, limiting the total out-of-pocket expense singles or families would pay per year for health care in Australia. History Inception In 1944, the Curtin Labor government passed the ''Pharmaceutical Benefits Act 1944'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
