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Manuel Martínez Maldonado
Manuel Martínez Maldonado (born 1937) is a Puerto Rican physician, researcher, academic leader, and poet. He is renowned for his contributions to nephrology, particularly in the areas of electrolyte physiology and renal pharmacology. He is a nephrologist specialist, administrator, educator, poet, and author. He has held positions such as Vice President for Research at Oregon Health and Science University (1998-2000), President and Dean of the Ponce School of Medicine (2000–2006), and Executive Vice President for Research at the University of Louisville from 2000 to 2009. Early years Martínez Maldonado was born in Yauco, Puerto Rico. He received his primary education at Holy Rosary School in Yauco, St Joseph School in San Germán, and Holy Spirit School in Hato Rey. He attended Matienzo Cintron School in Santurce and J.J. Osuna School in Hato Rey for his secondary education and graduated as president of his class from University High School in 1954. After graduating from hig ...
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Yauco, Puerto Rico
Yauco () is a Yauco barrio-pueblo, town and Municipalities of Puerto Rico, municipality in southern Puerto Rico. Although the Yauco barrio-pueblo, downtown is inland, the municipality stretches to a southern coast facing the Caribbean Sea. Yauco is located south of Maricao, Puerto Rico, Maricao, Lares, Puerto Rico, Lares and Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, Adjuntas; east of Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande and Guánica, Puerto Rico, Guánica; and west of Guayanilla, Puerto Rico, Guayanilla. The municipality consists of 20 barrios and Yauco barrio-pueblo, Yauco Pueblo (the downtown and administrative center of the municipality). It is both a principal town of the Yauco Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Ponce-Yauco-Coamo, PR CSA, Ponce-Yauco-Coamo Combined Statistical Area. It was founded by Fernando Pacheco on February 29, 1756, and developed for commodity crops of tobacco, Sugarcane, sugar cane, and Coffee production, coffee. Yauco became a center for Corsican immigration to ...
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Osmolality
In chemistry, molality is a measure of the amount of solute in a solution relative to a given mass of solvent. This contrasts with the definition of ''molarity'' which is based on a given volume of solution. A commonly used unit for molality is the moles per kilogram (mol/kg). A solution of concentration 1 mol/kg is also sometimes denoted as 1 molal. The unit mol/kg requires that molar mass be expressed in kg/mol, instead of the usual g/mol or kg/kmol. Definition The molality (''b''), of a solution is defined as the amount of substance (in moles) of solute, ''n''solute, divided by the mass (in kg) of the solvent, ''m''solvent: :b = \frac. In the case of solutions with more than one solvent, molality can be defined for the mixed solvent considered as a pure pseudo-solvent. Instead of mole solute per kilogram solvent as in the binary case, units are defined as mole solute per kilogram mixed solvent. Origin The term ''molality'' is formed in analogy to ''molarity' ...
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Veterans Administration
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is a Cabinet-level executive branch department of the federal government charged with providing lifelong healthcare services to eligible military veterans at the 170 VA medical centers and outpatient clinics located throughout the country. Non-healthcare benefits include disability compensation, vocational rehabilitation, education assistance, home loans, and life insurance. The VA also provides burial and memorial benefits to eligible veterans and family members at 135 national cemeteries. While veterans' benefits have been provided by the federal government since the American Revolutionary War, a veteran-specific federal agency was not established until 1930, as the Veterans' Administration. In 1982, its mission was expanded to include caring for civilians and people who were not veterans in case of a national emergency. In 1989, the Veterans' Administration became a cabinet-level Department of Veterans Affairs. The ...
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Southern Society For Clinical Investigation
The Southern Society for Clinical Investigation is a professional society for medicine, based in the southern United States. The organization was founded as the Southern Society for Clinical Research on October 5, 1946, at a meeting in New Orleans attended by representatives from nineteen medical schools in the southern U.S. Its first president was Tinsley Randolph Harrison, and it began holding annual scientific meetings from 1947. The organization was renamed in 1966 to its present name, in order to avoid confusion with the Southern Section of the American Federation for Clinical Research. In 1984, it became the sponsor of the ''American Journal of the Medical Sciences American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, p ...''. Awards The Founders' Medal Award has been awarded ann ...
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Marquis Who's Who
Marquis Who's Who, also known as A.N. Marquis Company ( or ), is an American publisher of a number of directories containing short biographies. The books usually are entitled ''Who's Who in...'' followed by some subject, such as ''Who's Who in America'', ''Who's Who of American Women'', ''Who's Who in Asia'', ''Who's Who in the World'', ''Who's Who in Science and Engineering'', ''Who's Who in American Politics'', etc. Often, ''Marquis Who's Who'' books are found in the reference section of local libraries, at corporate libraries, and are also used for research by universities. In 2005, while Marquis was owned by News Communications, Inc., publishers of '' The Hill''; ''The New York Times'' referred to the sixtieth edition of ''Who's Who in America'' as . Marquis states in its preface that ''Who's Who in America'' . Entries in ''Marquis Who's Who'' books list career and personal data for each biography, including birth date and place, names of parents and family members, educatio ...
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The American Journal Of The Medical Sciences
''The American Journal of the Medical Sciences'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal. History The journal was established in 1820 as the ''Philadelphia Journal of the Medical and Physical Sciences'' by Nathaniel Chapman. A new series was started in 1827 under the editorship of Chapman along with William Potts Dewees and John D. Godman. In 1827, the editorship passed to Isaac Hays, who gave it its present name, and helped make it one of the most important American medical journals of the 19th century. In 1984, the Southern Society for Clinical Investigation became the journal's sponsor. In 1994, 21 percent of submissions came from outside the United States. On the 175th anniversary, the February 1, 1995 issue featured a photograph of Volume 1 from 1820, a brief history and three classic articles were critiqued by contemporary scholars: * Leo Buerger "''Thrombo-angiitis Obliterans: A Study of the Vascular Lesions Leading to Presenile Spontaneous Gan-grene''," 136 (190 ...
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American College Of Physicians
The American College of Physicians (ACP) is a Philadelphia-based national organization of internal medicine physicians, who specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of adults. With 161,000 members, ACP is the largest medical-specialty organization and second-largest physician group in the United States.Osmosis "Prep for the Medicine Shelf". Retrieved October 20, 2014 Its flagship journal, the ''Annals of Internal Medicine'', is among the most widely cited peer-reviewed medical journals in the world. History ACP was founded in 1915 to promote the science and practice of medicine. In 1998, it merged with the American Society of Internal Medicine (ASIM). ASIM's focus on the economic, political, and social aspects of medical care both enlarged and complemented its mission. Known as ACP-ASIM from 1998 to 2003, the organization re-adopted "American College of Physicians" as its corporate name from 2003 on.Philadelphia Business Journal "Health Care" Retrieved October 20, 2014 ...
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American Board Of Internal Medicine
The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, self-appointed physician-evaluation organization that certifies physicians practicing internal medicine and its subspecialties. The American Board of Internal Medicine is not a membership society, educational institution, or licensing body. History The American Board of Internal Medicine was established on February 28, 1936, by the American Medical Association and the American College of Physicians to issue certification to physicians. In 1989, ABIM began requiring maintenance of certification (MOC) examinations every 10 years for continued board certification. ABIM is the largest of 24 member certifying boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties. The American Board of Internal Medicine categorizes physicians into one or more of its 20 subspecialties based on training and the passing of a standardized exam, namely: * Adolescent Medicine * Adult Congenital Heart Disease * Advanced Heart Failure & Tra ...
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American Association For The Advancement Of Science
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is a United States–based international nonprofit with the stated mission of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting science education, scientific education and science outreach for the betterment of all humanity. AAAS was the first permanent organization established to promote science and engineering nationally and to represent the interests of American researchers from across all scientific fields. It is the world's largest general scientific society, with over 120,000 members, and is the publisher of the well-known scientific journal ''Science (journal), Science''. History Creation The American Association for the Advancement of Science was created on September 20, 1848, at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was a reformation of the Association of American Geologists and Naturalists with the broaden ...
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American Academy Of Arts And Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and other Founding Fathers of the United States. It is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Membership in the academy is achieved through a nominating petition, review, and election process. The academy's quarterly journal, '' Dædalus'', is published by the MIT Press on behalf of the academy, and has been open-access since January 2021. The academy also conducts multidisciplinary public policy research. Laurie L. Patton has served as President of the Academy since January 2025. History The Academy was established by the Massachusetts legislature on May 4, 1780, charted in order "to cultivate every art and science which may tend to advance the interest, honor, dignity, and happiness of a free, independent, and virtuous people." The sixty-tw ...
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National Academy Of Medicine
The National Academy of Medicine (NAM), known as the Institute of Medicine (IoM) until 2015, is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization. The National Academy of Medicine is a part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), National Academy of Engineering (NAE), and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). Operating outside the framework of the U.S. federal government, it relies on a volunteer workforce of scientists and other experts, operating under a formal peer-review system. As a national academy, the organization annually elects new members with the help of its current members; the election is based on the members' distinguished and continuing achievements in a relevant field as well as for their willingness to participate actively. History The institute was founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences as the Institu ...
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Association Of American Physicians
The Association of American Physicians (AAP) is an honorary medical society founded in 1885 by the Canadian physician Sir William Osler and six other distinguished physicians of his era for "the advancement of scientific and practical medicine." Election to the AAP is an honor extended to individuals with outstanding credentials in biomedical science and/or translational biomedical research and is limited to 60 persons per year. The AAP includes about 1000 active members and 550 emeritus and honorary members. The great majority are US citizens. However, other countries are also represented. Mission The overarching goals of the AAP include the promotion of professional and social interaction among biomedical scientists, the dissemination of important information related to biomedical science and teaching, the recognition of outstanding scientists through membership, and the establishment of role models to kindle new generations of high achievers in medicine and medical science ...
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