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LPWAN
A low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN or LPWA network) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network designed to allow long-range communication at a low bit rate between IoT devices, such as sensors operated on a battery. Low power, low bit rate, and intended use distinguish this type of network from a wireless WAN that is designed to connect users or businesses, and carry more data, using more power. The LPWAN data rate ranges from 0.3 kbit/s to 50 kbit/s per channel. A LPWAN may be used to create a private wireless sensor network, but may also be a service or infrastructure offered by a third party, allowing the owners of sensors to deploy them in the field without investing in gateway technology. Attributes # Range: The operating range of LPWAN technology varies from a few kilometers in urban areas to over 10 km in rural settings. It can also enable effective data communication in previously infeasible indoor and underground locations. # Power: L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIoTy
mioty is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol. It uses telegram splitting, a standardized LPWAN technology in the license-free spectrum. This technology splits a data telegram into multiple sub packets and sends them after applying error correcting codes, in a partly predefined time and frequency pattern. This makes a transmission robust to interferences and packet collisions. It is standardised in the TS 103 357 ETSI. Its uplink operates in the 868 MHz band, license free in Europe, and 916 MHz band in North America. It requires a bandwidth of 200 kHz for two channels (e.g. up- and downlink). Technology attributes * ''Long range:'' The operating range of LPWAN technology varies from a few kilometers in urban areas to over 10 km in rural settings. It can also enable effective data communication in previously infeasible indoor and underground locations. * ''Low power:'' Optimized for power consumption, LPWAN transceivers can run on small, inexpensive batteries for up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LoRa
LoRa (from "long range", sometimes abbreviated as "LR") is a physical proprietary radio communication technique. It is based on spread spectrum modulation techniques derived from chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technology. It was developed by Cycleo, a company of Grenoble, Grenoble, France, and patented in 2014. In March 2012, Cycleo was acquired by the US company Semtech. LoRaWAN (long range wide area network) defines the communication protocol and system architecture. LoRaWAN is an official standard of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), ITU-T Y.4480. The continued development of the LoRaWAN protocol is managed by the open, non-profit LoRa Alliance, of which Semtech is a founding member. Together, LoRa and LoRaWAN define a low-power wide-area network, low-power, wide-area (LPWA) networking protocol designed to wirelessly connect battery operated devices to the Internet in regional, national or global networks, and targets key Internet of things (IoT) requirements, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigfox
Sigfox 0G technology is a global Low-Power Wide-Area (LPWA) networking protocol founded in 2010 and adopted by 70+ Sigfox 0G Network Operators globally. This wireless network was designed to connect low-power objects such as electricity meters securely, at low-cost, emitting small amounts of data. Sigfox is based in Labège near Toulouse, France, and once had over 375 employees in Madrid, San Francisco, Sydney and Paris. The former Sigfox entity had raised more than $300 million from investors that included Salesforce, Intel, Samsung, NTT, SK Telecom, energy groups Total and Air Liquide. In November 2016 Sigfox was valued at around €600 million. In January 2022 it filed for bankruptcy. In April 2022 Singapore-based IoT company UnaBiz acquired the Sigfox 0G technology and its French network operations for a reported €25 million ($27m). As of December 2024, the Sigfox 0G network managed by UnaBiz supports over 14 million active connected devices worldwide. Technology Sig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NarrowBand IOT
Narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) radio technology standard developed by 3GPP for cellular network devices and services. The specification was frozen in 3GPP Release 13 ( LTE Advanced Pro), in June 2016. Other 3GPP IoT technologies include eMTC (enhanced Machine-Type Communication) and EC-GSM-IoT. NB-IoT focuses specifically on indoor coverage, long battery life, and high connection density. NB-IoT uses a subset of the LTE standard, but limits the bandwidth to a single narrow-band of 200kHz. It uses OFDM modulation for downlink communication and SC-FDMA for uplink communications. IoT applications which require more frequent communications will be better served by LTE-M, which has no duty cycle limitations operating on the licensed spectrum. In March 2019, the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) announced that over 100 operators had either NB-IoT or LTE-M networks. This number had risen to 142 deployed/launched networ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weightless (wireless Communications)
Weightless was a set of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) wireless technology specifications for exchanging data between a base station and many of machines around it. History Cambridge Wireless held an event at the Moller Centre in Cambridge, United Kingdom on September 30, 2011. Neul, Landis+Gyr, Cable & Wireless, and ARM Holdings provided presentations. The Weightless Special Interest Group promoted the technology (SIG), announced on December 7, 2012. The group was led by William Webb, a professor at Cambridge and a founder of the company Neul. A subsequent event was held in September 2013, when version 1.0 was published. The name Weightless was chosen to reflect the intention at a low overhead per transmission for devices that need to communicate just a low amounts of data. The Weightless logo appears in uppercase letters with the 'W' appearing in the top-right corner of a light blue box with a solid blue line above it. In September 2014, Neul was acquired by Huawei fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultra Narrowband
In communication engineering, Ultra NarrowBand (UNB) systems are those in which the channel has a very narrow bandwidth. Technical characteristics An ultra narrowband receiver is highly selective and can reject noise and interference which may enter the receiver outside its narrow bandwidth, enabling an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio to be achieved with a relatively weak received signal. Consequently, transmitter power levels can be low and the effective range of transmissions may be greater than would typically be the case for technologies which do not provide such selectivity. Some other radio technologies, such as direct sequence spread spectrum and chirp spread spectrum, employ alternative approaches to selectively extract signals from interference and noise. Typical UNB systems operate with a bandwidth of a few 10s to a few 100s Hz and are used for the transmission and reception of digital signals. The use of highly selective filters in UNB receivers can provide very ef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weightless (wireless Communications)
Weightless was a set of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) wireless technology specifications for exchanging data between a base station and many of machines around it. History Cambridge Wireless held an event at the Moller Centre in Cambridge, United Kingdom on September 30, 2011. Neul, Landis+Gyr, Cable & Wireless, and ARM Holdings provided presentations. The Weightless Special Interest Group promoted the technology (SIG), announced on December 7, 2012. The group was led by William Webb, a professor at Cambridge and a founder of the company Neul. A subsequent event was held in September 2013, when version 1.0 was published. The name Weightless was chosen to reflect the intention at a low overhead per transmission for devices that need to communicate just a low amounts of data. The Weightless logo appears in uppercase letters with the 'W' appearing in the top-right corner of a light blue box with a solid blue line above it. In September 2014, Neul was acquired by Huawei fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Of Things
Internet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other communication networks. The IoT encompasses Electronic engineering, electronics, Telecommunications engineering, communication, and computer science engineering. "Internet of things" has been considered a misnomer because devices do not need to be connected to the public internet; they only need to be connected to a network and be individually addressable. The field has evolved due to the convergence of multiple technologies, including ubiquitous computing, commodity sensors, and increasingly powerful embedded systems, as well as machine learning.Hu, J.; Niu, H.; Carrasco, J.; Lennox, B.; Arvin, F.,Fault-tolerant cooperative navigation of networked UAV swarms for forest fire monitoring Aerospace Science and Technology, 2022. . Older fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor netw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) refer to networks of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors that monitor and record the physical conditions of the environment and forward the collected data to a central location. WSNs can measure environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity and wind. These are similar to wireless ad hoc networks in the sense that they rely on wireless connectivity and spontaneous formation of networks so that sensor data can be transported wirelessly. WSNs monitor physical conditions, such as temperature, sound, and pressure. Modern networks are bi-directional, both collecting data and enabling control of sensor activity. The development of these networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance. Such networks are used in industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control and machine health monitoring and agriculture. A WSN is built of "nodes" – from a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MySensors
MySensors is a free and open source DIY ( do-it yourself) software framework for wireless IoT (Internet of Things) devices allowing devices to communicate using radio transmitters. The library was originally developed for the Arduino platform. The MySensors devices create a virtual radio network of nodes that automatically forms a self healing mesh like structure. Each node can relay messages for other nodes to cover greater distances using simple short range transceivers. Each node can have several sensors or actuators attached and can interact with other nodes in the network. The radio network can consist of up to 254 nodes where one node can act as a gateway to the internet or a home automation controller. The controller adds functionality to the radio network such as id assignment and time awareness. Supported hardware platforms The framework can natively be run on the following platforms and micro controllers. * Linux / Raspberry Pi * ATMega 328P * ESP8266 * ESP32 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NB-Fi
NB-Fi Protocol is an open LPWAN protocol, which operates in unlicensed ISM radio band. Using the NB-Fi Protocol in devices allows data transmission range of up to 10 km in dense urban conditions, and up to 30 km in rural areas with up to 10 years on battery power. NB-Fi Protocol is developed by WAVIoT. Technology NB-Fi Protocol employs a Narrow Band technology that enables communication using the Industrial, Scientific and Medical ISM radio band (and in other parts of sub-GHz license-free spectrum as well). NB-Fi devices could be manufactured using widespread electronic components which could easily be manufactured or purchased in every particular country. WAVIoT has developed an NB-Fi transceiver that encapsulates the NB-Fi protocol at a physical layer. The NB-Fi transceiver supports 430–500 MHz and 860–925 MHz frequency bands at 50 to 25,600 bit/s data rates. The network is based on one-hop star topology and requires a SDR-technology base stations to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sony
is a Japanese multinational conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at Sony City in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. The Sony Group encompasses various businesses, including Sony Corporation (electronics), Sony Semiconductor Solutions (imaging and sensing), Sony Entertainment (including Sony Pictures and Sony Music Group), Sony Interactive Entertainment (video games), Sony Financial Group, and others. Sony was founded in 1946 as by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita. In 1958, the company adopted the name Initially an electronics firm, it gained early recognition for products such as the TR-55 transistor radio and the CV-2000 home video tape recorder, contributing significantly to Japan's Japanese economic miracle, post-war economic recovery. After Ibuka's retirement in the 1970s, Morita served as chairman until 1994, overseeing Sony's rise as a global brand recognized for innovation in consumer electronics. Landmark products included the Trinitron color television, the Walkma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
