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Kungnyŏ
''Kungnyŏ'' ()Han, Hee-sook, pp. 141–146 is a Korean term referring to women waiting on the king and other royalty in traditional Korean society. It is short for "gungjung yeogwan", which translates as "a lady officer of the royal court". ''Kungnyŏ'' includes ''sanggung'' (palace matron) and ''nain'' (assistant court ladies), both of which hold rank as officers. The term is also used more broadly to encompass women in a lower class without a rank such as ''musuri'' (lowest maids in charge of odd chores), ''gaksimi'', ''sonnim'', ''uinyeo'' (female physicians) as well as ''nain'' and ''sanggung''. The term spans those from courtiers to domestic workers. Establishment Although the first record of ''kungnyŏ'' appears in ''Goryeosa'', a compilation on the history of Goryeo, a provision was first made in 1392 by Taejo of Joseon, King Taejo per Jo Jun (趙浚) and other officers' suggestions after the establishment of the Joseon Dynasty. In 1428 Sejong the Great set up a detai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dangui
(; also written with the characters《》; ), also called (), (), (), (), and (), is a type of (upper garment) for women in , the Korean traditional clothing, which was worn for ceremonial occasions (e.g. for minor ceremonies in the palace as soryebok (小禮服)) in the palace during the Joseon period. It was typically a garment item reserved for the upper class and commoners of this period would rarely see anyone in this garment. It was worn as a simple official outfit or for small national ceremonies while court ladies wore it as a daily garment. Origins It is currently believed the ''dangui'' originated from ''jangjeogori'' (Jeogori, 장저고리; ''long jeogori''), which was worn before the early Joseon as formal wear. The scholars of the late Joseon period, such as Pak Kyusu, who wrote the 1841 ''Geoga japbokgo'' (거가잡복고 居家雜服攷), a history of Korean clothing, believed that the ''dangui'' originated from China and may have dated back to the time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jo Jun
Jo, jo, JO, or J.O. may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Jo'' (film), a 1972 French comedy * ''Jo'' (TV series), a French TV series *"Jo", a song by Goldfrapp from ''Tales of Us'' *"Jo", a song by Mr. Oizo from '' Lambs Anger'' * Jo a fictional character in the ''Star Wars'' franchise People * Jo (given name) * Jô, Brazilian footballer João Alves de Assis Silva (born 1987) * Josiel Alves de Oliveira (born 1988), Brazilian footballer also known as Jô * Jō (surname), a Japanese surname * Cho (Korean name), a common Korean surname which can be romanized as Jo Codes * JO, ISO 3166 country code for Jordan * .jo, the Internet country code top-level domain for Jordan * JO, IATA code for JALways, a subsidiary of Japan Airlines Other uses * '' jō'' (), a wooden staff used in some Japanese martial arts * ''jō'' (), a Japanese unit of length equivalent to the Chinese zhang * ''jō'' (), a Japanese unit of area corresponding to the area of a standard tatami mat (1×½ ken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeongjo Of Joseon
Yeongjo (; 31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776), personal name Yi Geum (), was the 21st monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Sukjong by his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Haeju Choe clan. Before ascending to power, he was known as Prince Yeoning (). His life was characterized by political infighting and resentment due to his biological mother's low-born origins. In 1720, a few months after the accession of his elder half-brother, Yi Yun (posthumously King Gyeongjong), as the 20th king, Yeoning became the crown prince. This induced a large controversy between the political factions. Nevertheless, four years later, at the death of Gyeongjong, he ascended to the throne. Yeongjo is most remembered for his persistent attempts to reform the taxation system, and reconcile the various factions under his ''Tangpyeong'' policy (). His reign of nearly 52 years was also marked by the highly controversial execution of his only surviving son, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyeongjong Of Joseon
Gyeongjong (; 20 November 1688 – 11 October 1724), personal name Yi Yun (), was the 20th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the eldest son of King Sukjong by his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan. Biography In 1690, Gyeongjong's designation as heir to the throne precipitated a struggle between the Noron faction, which supported his half-brother Prince Yeoning, and the Soron faction, which supported Gyeongjong of Joseon. Due to this struggle, Soron scholars were kept out of power and factional strife reached a high point during Gyeongjong's reign. Following the death of King Sukjong in 1720, Crown Prince Hwiso (Yi Yun, 이윤 왕세자) ascended the throne at age 31 as King Gyeongjong. When Sukjong died in 1720, he supposedly told Yi Yi-myoung to name Yeoning-geum as Gyeongjong's heir, but suspicions arose between Soron, Noron enemies, from the absence of a historiographer or recorder. Gyeongjong suffered from ill health during his r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangmin
''Sangmin'' (), short for ''p'yŏngsangjimin'' (), is a Korean-language term for commoners of the Joseon Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom w ... period (1392–1897). Synonyms for the term include ''sŏin'' (), ''sangin'' (), ''yangmin'' (), ''p'yŏngmin'' (), and ''p'yŏngin'' (). ''Sangmin'' was also sometimes used to describe innocent people, in contrast to criminals. History The term ''sangmin'' was used as an informal or legal designation depending on the time period. It refers to everyone who is not of noble background. In the latter half of the 17th century, a two-class system called ''yangch'ŏnje'' () was enacted, and ''sangmin'' made the lower class. However, ''sangmin'' were still de facto divided into various subgroups. ''Sangmin'' were systemically disad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyechuk Ilgi-Dairy Of 1613
Events January–March * January 11 – Workers in a sandpit in the Dauphiné region of France discover the skeleton of what is alleged to be a 30-foot tall man (the remains, it is supposed, of the giant Teutobochus, a legendary Gallic king who fought the Romans). * January 20 – King James I of England successfully mediates the Treaty of Knäred between Denmark and Sweden. * February 14 – Elizabeth, daughter of King James I of England, marries Frederick V, Elector Palatine. * February 24 – King Anaukpetlun of Burma blockades the Portuguese port at Syriam with 80 warships and 3,000 men, then sets about to tunnel into the city. * March 3 (February 21 O.S.) – An assembly of the Russian Empire elects Mikhail Romanov Tsar of Russia, ending the Time of Troubles. The House of Romanov will remain a ruling dynasty until 1917. * March 27 – The first English child is born in Canada at Cuper's Cove, Newfoundland to Nicholas Guy. * March 29 **Ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Dowager
A queen dowager or dowager queen (compare: princess dowager or dowager princess) is a title or status generally held by the widow of a king. In the case of the widow of an emperor, the title of empress dowager is used. Its full meaning is clear from the two words from which it is composed: queen indicates someone who served as queen consort (i.e. wife of a king), while dowager indicates a woman who continues to hold the title from her deceased husband (a queen who reigns in her own right is a queen regnant). A queen mother is a former queen consort, often a dowager queen, who is the mother of the reigning monarch. there are four queens dowager: Kesang Choden of Bhutan (who is the only living queen grandmother worldwide), Norodom Monineath of Cambodia (who is also queen mother), Lisa Najeeb Halaby (Noor Al'Hussein) of Jordan, and Sirikit Kitiyakara of Thailand (who is also queen mother). Status A queen dowager has an important royal position (whether or not she is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of Korean Studies
The Academy of Korean Studies (AKS; ) is a South Korean research and educational institute focusing on Korean studies. It was established on June 22, 1978, by the Ministry of Education & Science Technology. Works Journals *'' Korea Journal'' *''Review of Korean Studies'' *''Korean Studies Quarterly'' The following journals are not published by the AKS, but are often incorrectly assumed to be: *'' Korean Studies'', Hawaii *'' The Journal of Korean Studies'', Seattle *'' Encyclopedia of Korean Culture'' *'' Acta Koreana'' See also * List of national universities in South Korea * List of universities and colleges in South Korea * Education in Korea References External links * * Introducing research institutesat the Korean History On-line (한국역사정보통합시스템) (archived) Bundang 1978 establishments in South Korea Universities and colleges in Gyeonggi Province Research institutes in South Korea Social science research institutes Educational instit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedding
Bedding, also called bedclothes or bed linen, is the materials laid above the mattress of a bed for hygiene, warmth, protection of the mattress, and decorative effect. Bedding is the removable and washable portion of a human sleeping environment. Multiple sets of bedding for each bed are often washed in rotation and/or changed seasonally to improve sleep comfort at varying room temperatures. Most standardized measurements for bedding are rectangular, but there are also some square-shaped sizes, which allows the user to put on bedding without having to consider its lengthwise orientation (e.g. a duvet). In American English, the word ''bedding'' generally does not include the mattress, while in British English it often does. In Australian English, Australian and New Zealand English, bedding is often called ''manchester'', especially in shops. Manchester was a center of the cotton industry in the late 18th and the 19th century, and into the 20th century, and so cotton goods (princi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uijong Of Goryeo
Uijong (23 May 1127 – 7 November 1173), personal name Wang Hyŏn, was the 18th king of the Goryeo, Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He honoured his civilian advisors with many ceremonies but discriminated against the military officials, often forcing them to participate in martial arts competitions for the entertainment of himself and the civil officials, as well as assigning them petty portions during land distributions. He also was often drunk, further angering the warrior class. Finally, in the autumn of 1170, after constant discriminations, the rage of the military officials burst. Three warriors (Chŏng Chung-bu, Yi Ŭi-bang, Yi Ko) and others, started a military revolt, murdering the civil officials, deposing King Uijong, and appointing his young brother as a new king in the place. After he was deposed, officials loyal to Uijong such as Kim Po-dang later attempted to restore him to his throne, but this restoration attempt was exposed and Uijong was subsequently thrown into a pond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheonmin
''Cheonmin'' (), or "vulgar commoners", were the lowest caste of commoners in dynastical Korea. They abounded during the Goryeo (918–1392) and Joseon (1392–1897) periods of Korea's agrarian bureaucracy. Social class system In the caste system in Korea, this social class was largely hereditary and based on certain professions considered "unclean" by the upper classes. This list of unclean professions included butchers, shamans, shoemakers, metalworkers, prostitutes, magicians, sorcerers, jail-keepers, and performers (like the '' kisaeng''). '' Nobi'' (slaves) were servants taken from the cheonmin class to serve '' yangban'' (aristocracy) and royalty, but like slaves, they were considered the property of their owners and could be given away to other high-ranking people. '' Kisaeng'', female entertainers for ''yangban'', were in this class, educated but not respected by others in society. The hereditary nature of the caste system bred institutionalized discrimination and pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
