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Kostelec Nad Černými Lesy
Kostelec nad Černými lesy () is a town in Prague-East District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,200 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban monument zone. Administrative division Kostelec nad Černými lesy consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Kostelec nad Černými lesy (3,614) *Svatbín (220) Etymology The name refers to a fortified church (in Czech ''kostelec''), which was built in a deep (black) forest on the Prague–Kouřim route. The name ''Kostelec'' soon evolved to ''Černý Kostelec'' ("Black Kostelec") and in 1920 the name was changed to its current form, meaning "Kostelec upon the Black Forests". Geography Kostelec nad Černými lesy is located about east of Prague. It lies in the Benešov Uplands. The highest point is at above sea level. History The first written mention of Kostelec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of White Mountain
The Battle of White Mountain (; ) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War. It led to the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt and ensured Habsburg control for the next three hundred years. It was fought on 8 November 1620. An army of 21,000 Bohemians and mercenaries under Christian of Anhalt was defeated by 23,000 men of the combined armies of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, led by Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy, and the German Catholic League led by Johann Tserclaes, later Count of Tilly, at Bílá Hora ("White Mountain") near Prague. Bohemian casualties were not severe but their morale collapsed and Imperial forces occupied Prague the next day. Prelude In the early 17th century most of the Bohemian estates, although under the dominion of the predominantly Catholic Holy Roman Empire, had large Protestant populations, and had been granted rights and protections allowing them varying degrees of religious and political freedom. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamirolle
Mamirolle () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan .... On 1 January 2025, the former commune of Le Gratteris was merged into Mamirolle. Geography The commune lies southeast of Besançon on the first plateau of the Jura mountains. It is situated at the foot of a wooded hill and is crossed by the railroad from Besançon to Le Locle. The landscape of the town forms a wide basin with no surface drainage, since the rainwater seeps into the subsoil. Most of the land in Mamirolle is arable land and meadow land, with some parts covered in forest. Southern part of the commune extends over the slope of Mamirolle to the wooded ridge of Mont Bon, which forms the highest point in the com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister City
A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of international links between municipalities akin to what are known as sister cities or twin towns today dating back to the 9th century, the modern concept was first established and adopted worldwide during World War II. Origins of the modern concept Throughout history, many cities have participated in various cultural exchanges and similar activities that might resemble a sister-city or twin-city relationship, but the first officially documented case of such a relationship was a signed agreement between the leaders of the cities of Toledo, Ohio and Toledo, Spain in 1931. However, the modern concept of town twinning appeared during the Second World War. More specifically, it was inspired by the bombing of Coventry on 14 November 1940, known as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Švankmajerová
Eva Švankmajerová (née Dvořáková; 25 September 1940 – 20 October 2005) was a Czech surrealist painter, ceramist, costume and stage designer, poet and prose writer. SHe was wife and collaborator of the artist and film director Jan Švankmajer. Her works are reflections of concrete events and their conscious and unconscious, imaginary or dream reinterpretations. Life Early years and studies She was born as the middle of three siblings in a bourgeois family in Kostelec nad Černými lesy. Her father ran a drugstore there and later founded the chemical factory ''Cyklamen''.Bertrand Schmitt, in: Eva Švankmajerová, 2023, p. 360 In 1942, at the age of two, her parents sent her to her grandmother in Osek to compensate for the loss of her son. The grandmother suffered from cyclical depressions. She no longer expected anything positive from life, and she passed these feelings on to little Eva. Her negative impact on granddaughter's early childhood was the source of Eva experien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Žižka
Jan Žižka z Trocnova a Kalicha (; 1360 – 11 October 1424) was a Czechs, Czech military leader and Knight who was a contemporary and follower of Jan Hus, and a prominent Radical Hussite who led the Taborites, Taborite faction during the Hussite Wars. Renowned for his exceptional military skill, Žižka is celebrated as a Czech Folk hero, national hero. Žižka led the Hussite forces in battles against three crusades and remained undefeated throughout his military career. Žižka was born in the village of Borovany, Trocnov, located in the Kingdom of Bohemia, into a family of lower Czech nobility. According to Piccolomini's ''Historia Bohemica'', he maintained connections within the royal court during his youth and later held the office of Chamberlain (office), Chamberlain to Queen Sofia of Bavaria. He fought in the Battle of Grunwald (15 July 1410), where he defended Radzyń Chełmiński, Radzyń against the Teutonic Knights, Teutonic Order. Later, he played a prominent rol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Hus
Jan Hus (; ; 1369 – 6 July 1415), sometimes anglicized as John Hus or John Huss, and referred to in historical texts as ''Iohannes Hus'' or ''Johannes Huss'', was a Czechs, Czech theologian and philosopher who became a Church reformer and the inspiration of Hussites, Hussitism, a key predecessor to Protestantism, and a seminal figure in the Bohemian Reformation. Hus is considered to be the first Church reformer, even though some designate the theorist John Wycliffe. His teachings had a strong influence, most immediately in the approval of a reformed Bohemian religious denomination and, over a century later, on Martin Luther. After being ordained as a Catholic priest, Hus began to preach in Prague. He opposed many aspects of the Catholic Church in Bohemia, such as its views on ecclesiology, simony, the Eucharist, and other theological topics. Hus was a master, dean and rector at the Charles University in Prague between 1409 and 1410. Antipope Alexander V, Alexander V issued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech University Of Life Sciences Prague
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU; (), ČZU; also Czech University of Agriculture in Prague) is a university of agricultural education and research in Prague, the Czech Republic, established in 1906. History Studies of agriculture were established at the Czech Technical University (ČVUT) in 1906, and the first agricultural engineers graduated in 1911. In 1920 the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry was established, and in 1952 the faculty became an independent institution, University College of Agriculture in Prague (; VŠZ). In 1966 it moved to a newly built campus in Prague- Suchdol, where it has been located since. The Faculty of Forestry, established in 1952, was part of ČVUT until 1959, then a part of the agricultural university until 1964, when it became the independent Institute of Forestry Science (). It has been a part of ČZU since 1990. The university adopted its current name in 1995. During communist rule in Czechoslovakia, the university was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand I (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, Hungary, and List of rulers of Croatia, Croatia from 1526, and Archduke of Austria from 1521 until his death in 1564.Milan Kruhek: Cetin, grad izbornog sabora Kraljevine Hrvatske 1527, Karlovačka Županija, 1997, Karslovac Before his accession as emperor, he ruled the Erblande, Austrian hereditary lands of the House of Habsburg in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Also, he often served as Charles' representative in the Holy Roman Empire and developed encouraging relationships with German princes. In addition, Ferdinand also developed valuable relationships with the German banking house of Jakob Fugger and the Catalan bank, Banca Palenzuela Levi Kahana. The key events during his reign were the conflict with the Ottoman Empire, which in the 1520s began a great advance into Central Europe, and the Protestant Reformation, which resulted in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostelec Nad Černými Lesy, Náměstí Smiřických, Z Jihozápadu
Kostelec may refer to places in the Czech Republic: * Kostelec (Jičín District), a municipality and village in the Hradec Králové Region *Kostelec (Jihlava District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region *Kostelec (Hodonín District), a municipality and village in the South Moravian Region * Kostelec (Tachov District), a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region *Kostelec, a village and part of Fulnek in the Moravian-Silesian Region *Kostelec, a village and part of Hluboká nad Vltavou in the South Bohemian Region *Kostelec, a village and part of Hromnice in the Plzeň Region *Kostelec, a village and part of Zlín in the Zlín Region *Kostelec na Hané, a town in the Olomouc Region *Kostelec nad Černými lesy, a town in the Central Bohemian Region *Kostelec nad Labem, a town in the Central Bohemian Region *Kostelec nad Orlicí, a town in the Hradec Králové Region *Kostelec nad Vltavou, a municipality and village in the South Bohemian Region *Kostelec u Heřma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kutná Hora
Kutná Hora (; ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants. The history of Kutná Hora is linked to silver mining, which made it a rich and rapidly developing town. The centre of Kutná Hora, including the Sedlec Abbey and the Sedlec Ossuary, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 because of its outstanding architecture and its influence on subsequent architectural developments in other Central European city centres. The historic town centre is also protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation, the fourth largest in the Czech Republic. The large concentration of monuments and its inclusion on the UNESCO list make Kutná Hora a significant tourist destination. The town's sacral monuments are among the most important and most visited monuments in the Czech Republic. In addition to tourism, the town's economy also includes industry, which is represented by product ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Maria Theresia Of Liechtenstein
Princess Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein (Maria Theresia Anna Felicitas; 11 May 1694 – 20 February 1772) was the heiress to the Silesian Duchy of Troppau (now Opava in Czech Republic). Countess of Soissons by marriage, she was the last person to hold the title. She had one son who predeceased her in 1734. Her son was engaged to Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, sovereign duchess of Massa and princess of Carrara (albeit only seven years old at the time and under the regency of her mother). Biography Maria Theresia's father was Prince Hans-Adam I of Liechtenstein – who had purchased the counties of Vaduz and Schellenberg, which is now the modern state of Liechtenstein (although the first Prince to visit Vaduz did so only in 1844). Her mother, Erdmuthe Maria Theresia of Dietrichstein was the great-granddaughter of Adam von Dietrichstein (1527–1590), Hofmeister to the court of Emperor Rudolf II and buried in St Vitus Cathedral, Prague Castle. Maria Theresia's father died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
