|
Jayavarman II
Jayavarman II (; – 850, reigned –850) was a Khmer prince who founded and became the ruler of the Khmer Empire (Cambodia) after unifying the Khmer civilization. The Khmer Empire was the dominant civilization in mainland Southeast Asia from the 9th century until the mid-15th century. Jayavarman II was a powerful Khmer king who declared independence from a polity inscriptions named "Java", which most probably refers to the island of Java in the Indonesian archipelago. Jayavarman II founded many capitals such as Mahendraparvata, Indrapura, Amarendrapura, and Hariharalaya. Before Jayavarman II came to power, there was much fighting among local overlords who ruled different parts of Cambodia. The most well known opposition were the Shailendra Kings. In 781, Jayavarman II took action by claiming independence on the land of Chenla. By starting off with small weak kingdoms, he built himself up from there eventually leading to the Khmer Empire. No inscriptions by Jayavarman II have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guimet Museum
The Guimet Museum (full name in ; ''MNAAG''; ) is a Parisian art museum with one of the largest collections of Asian art outside of Asia that includes items from Cambodia, Thailand, Viet Nam, Tibet, India, and Nepal, among other countries. Founded in the late 19th century, it is located in the XVIe arrondissement, 16th arrondissement of Paris, France, at 6, place d'Iéna. Its name literally translated into English is the ''National Museum of Asian Arts-Guimet'', or ''Guimet National Museum of Asian Arts''. History Founded by Émile Étienne Guimet, an industrialist, the museum first opened at Lyon in 1879 but was later transferred to Paris, opening in the place d'Iéna in 1889. Devoted to travel, Guimet was in 1876 commissioned by the minister of public instruction to study the religions of the Far East, and the museum contains many of the fruits of this expedition, including a fine collection of Chinese and Japanese porcelain and objects relating not merely to the religions o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hariharalaya
Hariharalaya (, Hariharalaya) was an ancient city and capital of the Khmer Empire, Khmer empire located near Siem Reap, Cambodia in an area now called Roluos (temples), Roluos (Khmer language, Khmer: រលួស). Today, all that remains of the city are the ruins of several royal temples: Preah Ko, the Bakong, Lolei.Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd., Etymology The name "Hariharalaya" is derived from the name of Harihara, a Hinduism, Hindu god prominent in pre-Khmer Empire, Angkorian Cambodia. The name "Harihara" in turn is a composite of "Hari" (a name of the Hindu god Vishnu) and "Hara" (a name of the Hindu god Shiva). Cambodian representations of Harihara were of a male god whose one side bore the attributes of Vishnu and whose other side bore the attributes of Shiva. For example, the god's head-covering consisted of a mitre-type hat (the attribute of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyadhapura
Vyadhapura (, Sanskrit: व्याधपूर ''Vyādhapūra'') was an ancient city of the Funan civilization, likely in what is now Ba Phnum District in the province of Prey Veng, Cambodia. History Vyadhapura, the city of the hunter king, named in honour of Hun P'an-huang. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Funan early in its history, located near the Funan's sacred mountain of Ba Phnom. Chinese reports indicated that it was about 193.12 km or 120 miles from the sea. According to Paul Pelliot Paul Eugène Pelliot (28 May 187826 October 1945) was a French sinologist and Orientalist best known for his explorations of Central Asia and the Silk Road regions, and for his acquisition of many important Tibetan Empire-era manuscripts and ..., Vyadhapura was the capital of ( Lower Chenla). References {{DEFAULTSORT:Baladityapura Angkorian sites in Takéo province Former populated places in Cambodia Funan Ancient cities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roluos (temples)
Roluos (Khmer language, Khmer: រលួស) is a Cambodian archeological site about 13 km east of Siem Reap along National Highway 6 (Cambodia), NH6. Once it was the seat of Hariharalaya, first capital of Khmer Empire north of Tonlé Sap (as the first capital in the strict sense of the term could have been Indrapura (Khmer), Indrapura, identifiable with Banteay Prey Nokor). Among the "Roluos Group" of temples there are some of the earliest permanent structures built by Khmer. They mark the beginning of classical period of Khmer civilization, dating from the late 9th century. Some were totally built with bricks, others partially with laterite or sandstone (the first large Angkorian temple built with sandstone was possibly Ta Keo#FreJac2006, Freeman, Jacques 2006, p.26) At present it is composed by three major temples: Bakong, Lolei, and Preah Ko, along with the smaller Prasat Prei Monti. At both Bakong and Lolei there are contemporary Theravada Buddhism, Theravada buddhist m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devaraja
Devaraja () was a religious order of the "god-king," or Divinity, deified monarch in medieval Southeast Asia. The devarāja order grew out of both Hinduism and separate local traditions depending on the area. It taught that the monarch, king was a divine universal ruler, a incarnation, manifestation of Bhagawan, Bhagavan (often attributed to Shiva or Vishnu). The concept viewed the monarch to possess transcendental quality, the king as the living god on earth. The concept is closely related to the Indian concept of Chakravartin, Chakravarti (universal monarch). In politics, it is viewed as the divine justification of a king's rule. The concept was institutionalized and gained its elaborate manifestations in ancient Java and Cambodia, where monuments such as Prambanan and Angkor Wat were erected to celebrate the king's divine rule on earth. The devaraja concept of Divine right of kings#indic, divine right of kings was adopted by the Indianisation, Indianised Hindu-Buddhist Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahman
In Hinduism, ''Brahman'' (; IAST: ''Brahman'') connotes the highest universal principle, the ultimate reality of the universe.P. T. Raju (2006), ''Idealistic Thought of India'', Routledge, , page 426 and Conclusion chapter part XII In the Vedic Upanishads, ''Brahman'' constitutes the fundamental reality that transcends the duality of existence and non-existence. It serves as the absolute ground from which time, space, and natural law emerge. It represents an unchanging, eternal principle that exists beyond all boundaries and constraints. Because it transcends all limitation, ''Brahman'' ultimately defies complete description or categorization through language. In major schools of Hindu philosophy, it is the non-physical, efficient, formal and final cause of all that exists.For dualism school of Hinduism, see: Francis X. Clooney (2010), ''Hindu God, Christian God: How Reason Helps Break Down the Boundaries between Religions'', Oxford University Press, , pages 51–58, 11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sdok Kak Thom
Sdok Kok Thom (, ''Sadok Kok Thom'', ; , ), or Sdok Kak Thom, is an 11th-century Khmer Empire, Angkorian temple in present-day Thailand, located about northeast of the Thai border town of Aranyaprathet. The temple is in Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, near the village of Ban Nong Samet. It is regarded as the largest Angkorian temple in eastern Thailand. The temple was dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. Constructed by a prominent priestly family, Sdok Kok Thom is the original site of one of the most illuminating Khmer inscriptions, inscriptions left behind by the Khmer Empire, which ruled much of Southeast Asia from the end of the 9th century to the 15th century. Built of red sandstone and laterite, the temple is a prime example of a provincial seat of worship during the empire's golden age. It is small by the standards of the major monuments in Angkor, the empire's capital, but shares their basic design and religious symbolism. In its 11th century heyday during the reign of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phnom Kulen
Phnom Kulen (or Kulen Mountain; , ; ) is a mountain range and a part of Phnom Kulen National Park in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia. Geography Rather than a hill range, Phnom Kulen is an isolated chain of small mountain plateaux of moderate height lying south of the Dângrêk Mountains. The range stretches for about in a WNW–ESE direction and is located some north of Siem Reap. Its highest point is and its height is quite regular, averaging all along the range. Geologically Phnom Kulen is formed of sandstone. It was important as a quarry in Angkorian times, the major quarries being located in the southeastern angle of the massif. Protected area There is a sanctuary in the area, Phnom Kulen National Park, straddling the districts of Svay Leu and Va Rin. Its purpose is recreational and scientific in order to preserve the natural scenic features of Phnom Kulen mountain, like some famous waterfalls. The park is located about to the north of the provincial town of Siem Reap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Consort
A prince consort is the husband of a monarch who is not a monarch in his own right. In recognition of his status, a prince consort may be given a formal title, such as ''prince''. Most monarchies do not allow the husband of a queen regnant to be titled as a king because it is perceived as a higher title than queen. However, some monarchies use the title of king consort for the role. Usage in Europe United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the title ''Prince Consort'' is unique to Albert, Prince Consort, Prince Albert, although the term applies as a description to other British princes consort. The title was awarded to him in 1857 by his wife, Queen Victoria. Before Prince Albert, there had only been five English, Scottish or British male consorts, being the husbands of Mary I of England, Anne, Queen of Great Britain, Queen Anne, and Mary, Queen of Scots, the last of whom was married three times during her long reign. The remaining queens regnant before Victoria sidestepped the q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sambhupura
Isanapura (), also known as Sambhupura () or Sambor of St'ung Sen, was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Chenla. It is located in what is now Kampong Thom Province in Cambodia. The city was founded in about 618 at Leek Sambor Kuk by King Isanavarman I. According to Paul Pelliot, Sambhupura was the capital of ( Upper Chenla). Today, the site of old Isanapura contains the ruins of 150 temples and buildings, which are a few centuries older than that of the Khmer Empire around Angkor Wat. During the Vietnam War, some of these temples were completely destroyed by US bombers. Further damage was done by vandals, dealers in old relics, and the Khmer Rouge. Many temples have been overgrown by the jungle. Archaeology Archaeologists divide the temples, all of which are dedicated to the god Shiva Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Regnant
A queen regnant (: queens regnant) is a female monarch, equivalent in rank, title and position to a king. She reigns ''suo jure'' (in her own right) over a realm known as a kingdom; as opposed to a queen consort, who is married to a reigning king; or a queen ''regent'', who is the guardian of a child monarch and rules ''pro tempore'' in the child's stead or instead of her husband who is absent from the realm, be it in sharing power or in ruling alone. A queen ''regnant'' is sometimes called a woman king. A princess, duchess, or grand duchess regnant is a female monarch who reigns ''suo jure'' over a principality or (Grand duchy, grand) duchy; an empress regnant is a female monarch who reigns ''suo jure'' over an empire. A queen regnant possesses all the powers, Constitutional monarchy, such as they may be, of the monarchy, whereas a queen consort or queen regent shares her spouse's or child's rank and titles but does not share the sovereignty of her spouse or child. The hus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayendrabhā
Jayendrabhā or Jayaendra[valla]bha (8th-century - 9th-century), was a queen regnant of Sambhupura Chenla in Cambodia. She was also the queen of Jayavarman II, the king of Lower Chenla. She was the daughter of queen Nṛpatendradevī or Nrpendradevi of Sambhupura. She appears to have inherited the throne from her mother. She married king Jayavarman II. Jayavarman, the ruler of Lower Chenla, became King consort of Sambhupura by marrying her. It seems that the kingdom of Sambhupura was and the kingdom of Vyadhapura was . Her daughter queen Jyeṣṭhāryā succeeded her on the throne by 803. References Cambodian Hindus 8th-century Cambodian monarchs 8th-century queens regnant 9th-century queens regnant 9th-century Cambodian women 9th-century Cambodian people 8th-century Cambodian women 8th-century Cambodian people Monarchs of Chenla {{Cambodia-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
