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Jabanimó
JabanimóSometimes spelled ''Gabanimó''. or Hawani Mo'o ("Raven's Head") was an Akimel O'odham leader involved in Native American uprisings during the 1750s, possibly including the 1751 Pima Revolt. Biography Jabanimó was an O'odham chief originally from the Gila River area. Contemporary sources disagree on whether he was involved in the 1751 Pima Revolt. He organized native resistance along the Santa Cruz River (Arizona), Santa Cruz River, encouraging residents of Mission San Xavier del Bac and Mission San Cosme y Damián de Tucsón to resist the Jesuit missionaries. In 1756, Jabanimó led a group of O'odham and Tohono Oʼodham, Papagos against San Xavier del Bac. He was joined by surviving followers of Luis Oacpicagigua, led by Oacpicagigua's son Cipriano. Assisted by sympathetic native residents of Bac, the group looted the mission, including the church and the homes of natives loyal to the Jesuits. Resident missionary Alonso Ignacio Benito Espinosa escaped to Presidio Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alonso Ignacio Benito Espinosa
Alonso Ignacio Benito Espinosa (1720–1786) was a Spanish Jesuit List of missionaries to New Spain, missionary to New Spain. Biography Espinosa was born on February 1, 1720, in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria. He was ordained at age twenty-one in Mérida, Yucatán, and subsequently moved to Michoacán. After recovering from a serious illness during a visit to Guanajuato, Espinosa entered the Society of Jesus on August 14, 1750. He completed his novitiate on August 15, 1752, and was assigned to the Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert. In May 1754, Espinosa was assigned to Mission La Purísima Concepción de Nuestra Señora de Caborca. He traveled there together with Governor and Father Visitor Carlos de Roxas, but returned to San Ignacio due both to his poor health and to unrest among the Caborca natives. In June, the provincial superior, Joseph de Utrera, reassigned Espinosa to Mission San Xavier del Bac. The residence there was not yet complete, so Espinosa relocated temporarily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1751 Pima Revolt
The Pima Revolt, also known as the O'odham Uprising or the Pima Outbreak, was a revolt of Pima native Americans in 1751 against colonial forces in Spanish Arizona and one of the major northern frontier conflicts in early New Spain. Background The revolt culminated from decades of violence by the local Spanish settlers against Natives beginning in 1684. The period was characterized by local Natives gradual loss of autonomy and territory. Treaties allowing the Spanish to mine and herd on Native lands led to an influx of new settlers; by 1760, Hispanos had become a substantial presence in the present-day American Southwest. However, the colonial province of Sonora was characterized by a larger native population, and more frequent conflict between them and the Spaniards. The Pima Revolt was directly preceded by the Seri Revolt of Seri Natives in Sonora. Uprising While the Pima people had no central authority, the charismatic Luis Oacpicagigua (Luis of Sáric) began the task of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akimel O'odham
The Akimel O'odham (Oʼodham language, O'odham for "river people"), also called the Pima, are an Indigenous people of the Americas living in the United States in central and southern Arizona and northwestern Mexico in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua (state), Chihuahua. The majority population of the two current bands of the Akimel O'odham in the United States is based in two reservations: the Keli Akimel Oʼodham on the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) and the On'k Akimel O'odham on the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC). The Akimel O'odham are closely related to the Ak-Chin O'odham, now forming the Ak-Chin Indian Community. They are also related to the Sobaipuri, whose descendants reside on the San Xavier Indian Reservation or Wa꞉k (together with the Tohono O'odham), and in the Salt River Indian Community. Together with the related Tohono O'odham ("Desert People") and the Hia C-ed O'odham ("Sand Dune People"), the Akimel O'odham form the Upper O'odham. N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gila River
The Gila River (; O'odham ima Keli Akimel or simply Akimel, Quechan: Haa Siʼil, Maricopa language: Xiil) is a tributary of the Colorado River flowing through New Mexico and Arizona in the United States. The river drains an arid watershed of nearly that lies mostly within the U.S., but also extends into northern Sonora, Mexico. Indigenous peoples have lived along the river for at least 2,000 years, establishing complex agricultural societies before European exploration of the region began in the 16th century. European Americans did not permanently settle the Gila River watershed until the mid-19th century. During the 20th century, development in the Gila River watershed prompted the construction of large diversion and flood control structures on the river and its tributaries, and consequently the Gila contributes only a small fraction of its historic flow to the Colorado. The historic natural discharge of the river was around , but has declined to only . The engineering pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santa Cruz River (Arizona)
The Santa Cruz River ( "Christian cross, Holy Cross River") is a left tributary of the Gila River in Southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico. It is approximately long. Course The Santa Cruz has its headwaters in the high intermontane grasslands of the San Rafael Valley to the southeast of Patagonia, Arizona, between the Canelo Hills to the east and the Patagonia Mountains to the west, just north of the international border. It flows southward into Mexico past Santa Cruz, Sonora and turns westward around the south end of the Sierra San Antonio near Miguel Hidalgo (San Lázaro), thence north-northwest to reenter the United States just to the east of Nogales, Arizona, Nogales and southwest of Kino Springs. It then continues northward from the international border past the Tumacacori National Historical Park, Tubac, Arizona, Tubac, Green Valley, Arizona, Green Valley, Sahuarita, San Xavier del Bac, Tucson, Marana, Arizona, Marana, and Picacho Peak State Park to the Santa Cruz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission San Xavier Del Bac
Mission San Xavier del Bac () is a historic Spanish Catholic mission about south of downtown Tucson, Arizona, on the Tohono O'odham Nation San Xavier Indian Reservation. The mission was founded in 1692 by Eusebio Kino in the center of a centuries-old settlement of the Sobaipuri O'odham, a branch of the Akimel or River O'odham located along the banks of the Santa Cruz River. The mission was named for Francis Xavier, co-founder of the Jesuit Order in Europe. The original church was built to the north of the later Franciscan church and was demolished during an Apache raid in 1770. The mission was rebuilt between 1783 and 1797, which makes it the oldest European structure in Arizona. Labor was provided by the O'odham. An outstanding example of Spanish Colonial architecture in the United States, the Mission San Xavier del Bac hosts some 200,000 visitors each year. It is a well-known pilgrimage site, with thousands visiting each year on foot and on horseback, some among ceremonial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mission San Cosme Y Damián De Tucsón
Mission San Cosme y Damián de Tucsón (), originally known as Mission San Agustín del Tucson (), was a Spanish mission located in present-day Tucson, Pima County, Arizona. It was established in 1692 by Jesuit missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino as a ''visita'', or "visiting chapel", of the nearby Mission San Xavier del Bac. Today, almost nothing remains of the original complex. Location The mission was located along the western bank of the Santa Cruz River, at the base of Sentinel Peak or "A" Mountain. The Sobaipuri village of ''Chuk Shon'', meaning "at the foot of the black mountain", was located nearby. History The mission would be built, near the Sobaipuri village of ''Chuk Shon'' which Padre Eusebio Francisco Kino named ''San Cosmé del Tucson''. Here Father Kino established a ''visita'', or "visiting chapel", of Mission San Xavier del Bac in 1692. In 1768 the visita was expanded, fortified and renamed Mission San Agustín del Tucson by the Franciscans who had just rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesuit
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The Society of Jesus is the largest religious order in the Catholic Church and has played significant role in education, charity, humanitarian acts and global policies. The Society of Jesus is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 countries. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. They also conduct retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian works, and promote Ecumenism, ecumenical dialogue. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patron saint, patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a Superior General of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tohono Oʼodham
The Tohono Oʼodham ( , ) are a Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native American people of the Sonoran Desert, residing primarily in the U.S. state of Arizona and the northern Mexican state of Sonora. The United States federally recognized tribe is the Tohono Oʼodham Nation. The Ak-Chin Indian Community also has Tohono Oʼodham citizens. The Tohono Oʼodham Nation governs the Tohono Oʼodham Indian Reservation, a major Indian reservation, reservation located in southern Arizona. It encompasses portions of three counties: Pima County, Arizona, Pima, Pinal County, Arizona, Pinal, and Maricopa County, Arizona, Maricopa in the United States. Tohono Oʼodham territory extends into the Mexican state of Sonora, Mexico, Sonora. Name The Tohono Oʼodham tribal government and most of the people have rejected the common Endonym and exonym, exonym ''Papago'' since the 1980s. They call themselves Tohono Oʼodham, meaning "desert people". The Akimel O'odham, a neighboring tribe, refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Oacpicagigua
Luis Oacpicagigua () or Luis of Sáric (died 1755) was a Pima people, Pima (Akimel O'odham) leader in the Spanish province of Sáric, now the far north of the Mexican state of Sonora. Biography Oacpicagigua commanded a force of hundreds of O'odham warriors, which he led on a number of campaigns against the Apache. In 1750, Oacpicagigua and his company assisted Diego Ortiz Parrilla in capturing Tiburón Island from the native Seri people. Afterwards, Parrilla appointed Oacpicagigua provincial governor of the O'odham. The local Jesuit List of missionaries to New Spain, missionaries resented this, considering the appointment of native officials their own prerogative. In 1751, Oacpicagigua led the Pima Revolt against the Spanish. The revolt failed in 1752, Oacpicagigua and his lieutenant Luis of Pitic were summoned for questioning and subsequently arrested, and Oacpicagigua died in Horcasitas jail in 1755. Oacpicagigua's two sons, Ciprián and Nicolás, continued to lead revolts af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidio San Ignacio De Tubac
The Presidio of San Ignacio de Túbac or Fort Tubac was a Spanish built fortress. The fortification was established by the Spanish Army in 1752 at the site of present-day Tubac, Arizona. Its ruins are preserved in the Tubac Presidio State Historic Park. History Spanish Period The was founded in 1752, in response to the 1751 Pima Rebellion. It housed a garrison of about fifty cavalry and or infantry soldiers and was intended to protect Spanish settlements and missions in the valley of the Santa Cruz River. In 1766, the garrison had 51 officers and men, and a settlement of forty families had grown up around the post. In 1774, Tubac's commander, Captain Juan Bautista de Anza, assembled the expedition that explored a land route from the Santa Cruz Valley to California. A reorganization of frontier defenses in 1775 resulted in the transfer of the garrison. The force under Lieutenant Juan Fernandez Carmona was enlarged to fifty-six officers and men and received orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Elías Gonzalez
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''. Meaning of the name Francisco In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Communitatis'' (father of the community) when he founded the Franciscan order, and "Paco" is a short form of ''Pater Communitatis''. In areas of Spain where Basque is spoken, "Patxi" is the most common nickname; in the Catalan areas, "Cesc" (short for Francesc) is often used. In Spanish Latin America and in the Philippines, people with the name Francisco are frequently called "Pancho". " Kiko"and "Cisco" is also used as a nickname, and "Chicho" is another possibility. In Portuguese, people named Francisco are commonly nicknamed " Chico" (''shíco''). People with the given name * Pope Francis (1936-2025) is rendered in the Spanish, Portuguese and Filipino languages as Papa Francisco * Francisco Acebal (1866–1933), Spanish writer and author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
