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Hồ Tôn Tinh
Hồ Tôn Tinh ( zh, 胡猻精, Husunxing) or Hồ Tôn ( zh, 胡猻, Husun) was an ancient Champa kingdom that was mentioned in some Vietnamese textbooks. History The first mention of Hồ Tôn Tinh was from the 14th-century semi-fictional work of Lĩnh Nam chích quái, with "The story of Dạ Xoa" (): Territory The 15th-century national chronicle of Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư (ĐVSKTT) and Trần Trọng Kim's 20th-century Việt Nam sử lược (VNSL) both mentioned Hồ Tôn Tinh as a southern neighboring country of the semi-mythical Hồng Bàng–ruled kingdom, with ĐVSKTT said that Hồ Tôn bodered Văn Lang (2524–258 BC) while VNSL believed it bordered Xích Quỷ (2879–2524 BC). Ruling clan According to the 19th century veritable records of Đại Nam thực lục, volume 33 of ''Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện sơ tập'', Hồ Tôn was a Cham kingdom ruled by the Việt Thường clan ( zh, 越裳氏, Yueshang). Fall There was no men ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champa
Champa (Cham language, Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ, چمڤا; ; 占城 or 占婆) was a collection of independent Chams, Cham Polity, polities that extended across the coast of what is present-day Central Vietnam, central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century CE until 1832. According to History of Champa, earliest historical references found in ancient sources, the first History of Champa#Initial kingdoms, Cham polities were established around the 2nd century, 2nd to 3rd century, 3rd centuries CE, in the wake of Khu Liên's rebellion against the rule of China's Han dynasty#Eastern Han, Eastern Han dynasty, and lasted until when the final Panduranga (Champa), remaining principality of Champa was annexed by Minh Mạng, Emperor Minh Mạng of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty as part of the expansionist Nam tiến policy. The kingdom was known variously as ''Nagaracampa'' (), ''Champa'' (ꨌꩌꨛꨩ) in modern Cham languages, Cham, and ''Châmpa'' () in the Khmer lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đại Nam Thực Lục
''Đại Nam thực lục'' ( vi-hantu, 大南寔錄, lit. "Veritable Records of the Great South", "Annals of Đại Nam", "Chronicle of Greater Vietnam") was the official history of Nguyễn dynasty, Vietnam. It contained the royal records of the Nguyễn lords, and the imperial annals of Nguyễn dynasty emperors up until Khải Định, covering the period in Vietnamese history between 1545 and 1909. Just like other official histories, ''Đại Nam thực lục'' was written in Classical Chinese. The annals comprised 584 volumes. At first the records were called "''Đại Nam thật lục''" "". During Thiệu Trị's reign however, "" was changed to "", and its pronunciation changed to "thực", because "實" was against the naming taboo of Empress Tá Thiên, Thiệu Trị's mother. ''Đại Nam thực lục'' was the most important primary source regarding the Nguyễn dynasty. It was an important reference of Cao Xuân Dục's ''Quốc triều chính biên toát yế ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Champa
The history of Champa begins in prehistory with the migration of the ancestors of the Cham people to mainland Southeast Asia and the founding of their Indianized maritime kingdom based in what is now central Vietnam in the early centuries AD, and ends when the final vestiges of the kingdom were annexed and absorbed by Vietnam in 1832. Abstract One theory holds that the people of Champa were descended from settlers who reached the Southeast Asian mainland from Borneo about the time of the Sa Huỳnh culture, though genetic evidence points to exchanges with India. Sa Huỳnh sites are rich in iron artifacts, by contrast with the Đông Sơn culture sites found in northern Vietnam and elsewhere in mainland Southeast Asia, where bronze artifacts are dominant. The Cham language is part of the Austronesian family. According to one study, Cham is related most closely to modern Acehnese. Founding legend Lady Po Nagar Cham tradition says that the founder of the Cham state was Lady ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Po Inu Nagar Taha
Yang Po Inu Nagar Taha or simply Po Inu Nagar (杨婆那加) was the founder of the Cham people according to legends. Title Her full title in Cham language is Yāng-pô inâ Nāga-tāha. It includes the following elements: Heavenly (yang), king (po), of (inu), water/realm (nagar), big/extreme/high/great (taha). According to Maspero, it can means as "the lady of the realm" (''bà chúa xứ'' in Vietnamese) or "great mother of the water" (''mẫu thoải'' in Vietnamese). History According to the myth of Pô Nagar, she was born from the clouds of the sky and the foam of the sea. Her physical form was manifest in a piece of eaglewood floating on the waves of the ocean. She is also said to have had ninety-seven husbands and thirty-nine daughters who became goddesses like their mother. Pô Nagar was the goddess who created the earth, eaglewood and rice. It is told that there was even the aroma of rice in the air around her. The Chams looked upon her as a goddess of plants and trees. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quduqian
Quduqian (Vietnamese: Khuất-đô-can; ) was the Chinese designation for an ancient kingdom, chiefdom, or a polity that perhaps located around Binh Dinh province, Central Vietnam, then became part of Champa Kingdoms. According to the ''Book of Jin'', Quduqian situated 600 ''li'' or 186 miles/300 kilometers south of Boliao (波遼國, Tam Kỳ). Quduqian sent an embassy to the Jin court in Luoyang in 286 AD. See also * History of Champa * Other early states in Central Vietnam ** Lâm Ấp ** Xitu ** Boliao ** Hồ Tôn Tinh Hồ Tôn Tinh ( zh, 胡猻精, Husunxing) or Hồ Tôn ( zh, 胡猻, Husun) was an ancient Champa kingdom that was mentioned in some Vietnamese textbooks. History The first mention of Hồ Tôn Tinh was from the 14th-century semi-fictional wor ... References Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Quduqian Champa Ancient Vietnam History of Champa Former countries in Vietnamese history Former countries in Southeast Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xitu
Xitu (Vietnamese: Tây-đồ-quốc; Chinese: 西屠國; pinyin: Xītú Guó; lit. 'Kingdom of Xitu') was the Chinese designation for a historical region or a Chamic polity or kingdom that was first mentioned in the mid of fifth century AD, is believed to be one of the predecessors of Champa Kingdom. It has been proposed to be located in the Thu Bồn River Valley, present-day Quảng Nam Province, Central Vietnam. Background The Thu Bồn River Valley was known for being one of many sanctuary zones of the Sa Huỳnh culture, a seafaring culture that was distributed across the Central Vietnam coast and had links across the South China Sea to the other side in the Philippines archipelago and even with Taiwan (through Maritime Jade Road, Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere), which now most archaeologists and scholars have consentient determined and no longer hesitant in linking with the ancestors of the Austronesian Cham and Chamic-speaking people. Ancient Central Vietnam is said ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lâm Ấp
Lâm Ấp (Vietnamese pronunciation of Middle Chinese 林邑 *''liɪm ʔˠiɪp̚'', standard Chinese: Línyì) was a kingdom located in central Vietnam that existed from around 192 AD to 629 AD in what is today central Vietnam, and was one of the earliest recorded Champa kingdoms. The name Linyi however had been employed by official Chinese histories from 192 to even 758 AD to describe a particular early Champa kingdom located north of the Hải Vân Pass. The ruins of its capital, the ancient city of Kandapurpura is now located in Long Tho Hill, 3 kilometers to the west of the city of Huế. Earlier western scholarship believed Linyi in Chinese records to refer to Champa itself, but Champa expansion northwards may have resulted in the Chinese applying the name Linyi to the Champa imperial city Trà Kiệu (Simhapura) along with Mỹ Sơn Sanctuary and the Thu Bồn River valley around 600 AD. History Lâm Ấp was founded by Khu Liên (Ōu Lián 甌連, EMC: ''*ʔəw-lian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramayana
The ''Ramayana'' (; ), also known as ''Valmiki Ramayana'', as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit literature, Sanskrit Indian epic poetry, epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the ''Itihasas'', the other being the ''Mahabharata''. The epic narrates the life of Rama, the seventh ''avatar'' of the Hindu deity Vishnu, who is a prince of Ayodhya (Ramayana), Ayodhya in the kingdom of Kosala. The epic follows Exile of Lord Rama, his fourteen-year exile to the forest urged by his father King Dasharatha, on the request of Rama's stepmother Kaikeyi; his travels across the forests in the Indian subcontinent with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana; the kidnapping of Sita by Ravana, the king of Lanka, that resulted in bloodbath; and Rama's eventual return to Ayodhya (Ramayana), Ayodhya along with Sita to be crowned as a king amidst jubilation and celebration. Scholarly estimates for the earliest stage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chams
The Chams ( Cham: , چام, ''cam''), or Champa people ( Cham: , اوراڠ چمڤا, ''Urang Campa''; or ; , ), are an Austronesian ethnic group in Southeast Asia and are the original inhabitants of central Vietnam and coastal Cambodia before the arrival of the Cambodians and Vietnamese, during the expansion of the Khmer Empire (802–1431) and the Vietnamese conquest of Champa (11th–19th century). From the 2nd century, the Chams founded Champa, a collection of independent Hindu-Buddhist principalities in what is now central and southern Vietnam. By the 17th century, Champa became an Islamic sultanate. Today, the Cham people are largely Muslim, with a minority following Hinduism, both formed the indigenous Muslim and Hindu population in both Cambodia and Vietnam. Despite their adherence to Islam, the Cham people still retain their ancestral practice of matriarchy in family and inheritance. The Cham people speak Cham and Tsat (the latter is spoken by the Utsuls, a Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veritable Records
Veritable Records are historical records compiled by government (court) historians of Chinese dynasties since the 6th century, and later in Korea, Japan and Vietnam which adopted the Chinese bureaucratic system and the writing system of Classical Chinese. Typically they were compiled immediately following the death of a monarch (preparations sometimes began while he was still alive) and follow a strictly prescribed format. Veritable Records are highly detailed and contain a wealth of political, economical, military, and biographical information. Famous examples include (all written in Classical Chinese): * China: '' Ming Veritable Records'' (for the Ming dynasty), ''Qing Veritable Records'' (for the Qing dynasty) * Japan: '' Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku'' (Veritable Records of Three Reigns of Japan) * Korea: '' Joseon Wangjo Sillok'' (Veritable Records of the Joseon dynasty) * Vietnam: ''Đại Nam thực lục'' (Veritable Records of Great Nam) During the Yuan and Qing dynasties of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lĩnh Nam Chích Quái
''Lĩnh Nam chích quái'' ( vi-hantu, 嶺南摭怪 lit. "Selection of Strange Tales in Lĩnh Nam") is a 14th-century Vietnamese semi-fictional work written in chữ Hán by . The title indicates strange tales "plucked from the dust" of the Lingnan region of Southern China and Northern Vietnam Northern Vietnam or '' Tonkin'' () is one of three geographical regions in Vietnam. It consists of three geographic sub-regions: the Northwest (Vùng Tây Bắc), the Northeast (Vùng Đông Bắc), and the Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sôn ....Olga Dror Cult, Culture, and Authority: Princess Liễu Hạnh in Vietnamese History – Page 249 Lĩnh Nam chích quái (Wonders Plucked from the Dust of Linh Nam). Trans. Đinh Gia Khánh and Nguyễn Ngọc San. Hanoi Later editors who worked on the collection include Vũ Quỳnh (1452–1516) and Kiều Phú (1447–?). History See also *'' Việt Điện U Linh Tập'' References External links The Ming-occupation-period origi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
