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Hølendalen Bridges
The Hølendalen Bridges () are three parallel concrete cantilever bridge which cross Hølendalen in Vestby, Norway. One carries two tracks of the Østfold Line, the other two carry four lanes of European route E06, European Road E6. The bridges have four spans, the two in center at and the two outer at . The overall lengths are . The bridges are up to above the valley and the creek of Såna. Proposals for bridges were first made in 1988, as part of a joint planning of a new high-speed railway and freeway through Vestby. Johs Holt were the structural engineers and Lunde og Løvset architects. The railway bridge was built first and opened on 21 September 1996. The freeway bridges followed afterwards. They have won among other awards Betongtavlen in 1999. Specifications There are three bridges which cross Hølendalen. The easternmost carries two tracks of the Østfold Line. Its northern end is situated from Oslo Central Station.Bjerke & Holom: 42 The line is electrified and is dime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Østfold Line
The Østfold Line () is a railway line which runs from Oslo through the western parts of Follo, Norway, Follo and Østfold to Kornsjø in Norway. It continues through Sweden as the Norway/Vänern Line. The northern half is double track and the entire line is railway electrification system, electrified. It serves a combination of commuter, regional and freight trains and is the main rail corridor in the south of Norway. The Follo Line runs parallel to the Østfold Line in tunnel. The Eastern Østfold Line branches off at Ski Station and runs before rejoining at Sarpsborg Station. The line opened as the Smaalenene Line () on 2 January 1879. Stations were designed by Peter Andreas Blix. It was the first railway in Norway to predominantly build bridges and viaducts with iron. The line underwent upgrades from 1910 through 1940 in which the section from Oslo to Ski received double track, the permitted weight and speeds were increased and the line was electrified. From 1989 to 1996 the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freeway
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway, and expressway. Other similar terms include ''wikt:throughway, throughway'' or ''thruway'' and ''parkway''. Some of these may be limited-access highways, although this term can also refer to a class of highways with somewhat less isolation from other traffic. In countries following the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, Vienna convention, the motorway qualification implies that walking and parking are forbidden. A fully controlled-access highway provides an unhindered flow of traffic, with no traffic signals, Intersection (road), intersections or frontage, property access. They are free of any at-grade intersection, at-grade crossings with other roads, railways, or pedestrian paths, which are instead carried by overpasses and underpasses. Entrances and exits to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moss Station
Moss Station () is a railway station located in downtown Moss in Østfold, Norway. The station is located on the Østfold Line and serves as terminal station for Line 550 of the Oslo Commuter Rail service to Oslo Central Station and onwards to Spikkestad as well as a stop of the regional services to Halden. All services are operated by Vy. History Moss Station was built based upon designs by architect, Peter Andreas Blix. The station was opened as part of the railway on 2 January 1879. In 1923, an agreement was made by which the restaurant was to be taken over by Norsk Spisevognselskap Norsk Spisevognselskap A/S, often abbreviated NSS or shortened to Spisevognselskapet (Norwegian language, Norwegian for "The Dining Car Company"), was a Norway, Norwegian government-owned corporation, state enterprise which operated restaurant c ... (NSS) in 1924. However, private operation continued until 1 October 1941, when operations were taken over by Spisevognselskapet. New station A ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ski Station
Ski Station () is a railway station located in Ski, Norway, Ski, Norway. It is located from Oslo Central Station on the Østfold Line, at the point where the railway splits in two into an Eastern Østfold Line, eastern and western line. It also serves as the terminal station of the Follo Line. The station is served by all passenger trains on the Østfold Line and Follo Line. This includes regional services to Halden Station and Gothenburg Central Station, as well as Oslo Commuter Rail services to Moss Station and Mysen Station. Ski is also the terminal station for a commuter train service to Oslo that stops at all stations on the Østfold Line. The restaurant at the station was taken over by Norsk Spisevognselskap on 1 January 1921, but leased to private operators. After an agreement with Norwegian State Railways, Spisevognselskapet renovated the restaurant and took over operations again on 1 January 1924. It was closed on 14 April 1946. New station In the mid 1990s, the Øst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian State Railways (1883–1996)
The Norwegian State Railways ( or NSB) was a state-owned railway company that operated most of the rail transport in Norway, railway network in Norway. The government agency/directorate was created in 1883Historisk oversikt Norwegian National Rail Administration to oversee the construction and operation of all state-owned railways in Norway. On 1 December 1996, it was demerger, demerged to create the infrastructure operator Norwegian National Rail Administration, the train operator Vy, Norwegian State Railways and the Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. The name was taken by the train operator, although the infrastructure operator remained a government agency and is the legal successor. History Norway's first railway, the Trunk Line, was opened in 18 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Gauge
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of . The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with about 55% of the lines in the world using it. All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except High-speed rail in Russia, those in Russia, High-speed rail in Finland, Finland, High-speed rail in Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, and some line sections in High-speed rail in Spain, Spain. The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm except in the United States, Canada, and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in Imperial and US customary measurement systems, U.S. customary/Imperial units, British Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches", which is equivalent to 1,435.1mm. History As railways developed and expa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Track Ballast
Track ballast is the material which forms the trackbed upon which railroad ties (UK: sleepers) are laid. It is packed between, below, and around the ties. It is used to bear the compression load of the railroad ties, rails, and rolling stock; to facilitate drainage; and keep down vegetation that can compromise the integrity of the combined track structure. Ballast also physically holds the track in place as the trains roll over it. Not all types of railway tracks use ballast. A variety of materials have been used as track ballast, including crushed stone, washed gravel, bank run (unwashed) gravel, torpedo gravel (a mixture of coarse sand and small gravel), slag, chats, coal cinders, sand, and burnt clay. The term "ballast" comes from a nautical term for the stones used to stabilize a ship. Construction The appropriate thickness of a layer of track ballast depends on the size and spacing of the ties, the amount of traffic on the line, and various other factors. Track ballast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newton (unit)
The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI). Expressed in terms of SI base units, it is 1 kgâ‹…m/s2, the force that accelerates a mass of one kilogram at one metre per second squared. The unit is named after Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics, specifically his second law of motion. Definition A newton is defined as 1 kgâ‹…m/s2 (it is a named derived unit defined in terms of the SI base units). One newton is, therefore, the force needed to accelerate one kilogram of mass at the rate of one metre per second squared in the direction of the applied force. The units "metre per second squared" can be understood as measuring a rate of change in velocity per unit of time, i.e. an increase in velocity by one metre per second every second. In 1946, the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) Resolution 2 standardized the unit of force in the MKS system of units to be the amount need ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deep Foundation
A pile or piling is a vertical structural element of a deep foundation, driven or drilled deep into the ground at the building site. A deep foundation is a type of foundation (architecture), foundation that transfers building loads to the earth farther down from the surface than a shallow foundation does to a subsurface layer or a range of depths. There are many reasons that a geotechnical engineer would recommend a deep foundation over a shallow foundation, such as for a skyscraper. Some of the common reasons are very large design loads, a poor soil at shallow depth, or site constraints like property lines. There are different terms used to describe different types of deep foundations including the pile (which is analogous to a pole), the pier (which is analogous to a column), drilled shafts, and Caisson (engineering), caissons. Piles are generally driven into the ground ''in situ''; other deep foundations are typically put in place using excavation and drilling. The namin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Follo Tunnel , Norwegian football club
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Follo may refer to: People * Francesco Follo (born 1946), Italian priest * Raymond Isaac Follo, Congolese politician Places * Follo, Liguria, Italy * Follo, Norway Other * Follo (newspaper), Norwegian newspaper * Follo Arbeiderblad, Norwegian newspaper * Follo FK Follo Fotballklubb is a football club from Ski, Akershus, Norway. Follo play in light blue, and their home ground is Ski stadion. It was founded in September 2000 and their biggest achievement was playing in the 2010 Norwegian Football Cup fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
