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History Of Peru (1948–1956)
The history of Peru between 1948 and 1956 corresponds to the presidency of General Manuel A. OdrÃa, who overthrew José Luis Bustamante y Rivero through a coup d'état on October 29, 1948. The period's name in Spanish comes from the 8-year length of OdrÃa's presidency (). It was a period that for Peru meant the return to militarism, liberal economic policies, repression and persecution of American Popular Revolutionary Alliance, APRA leaders, and manipulative populism over the urban popular classes. The regime was divided into two phases: *The #First phase, Military Government Junta (1948–1950): a ''de facto'' phase born from the successful 1948 Peruvian coup d'état, coup d'état that overthrew the constitutional government of José Luis Bustamante y Rivero, contrary to the country's Constitution of Peru (1933), 1933 constitution. *The #Second phase, "constitutional" government of OdrÃa (1950–1956): following the 1950 Peruvian general election, general election organised b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The term ''Cold war (term), cold war'' is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in regional conflicts known as proxy wars. In addition to the struggle for ideological and economic influence and an arms race in both conventional and Nuclear arms race, nuclear weapons, the Cold War was expressed through technological rivalries such as the Space Race, espionage, propaganda campaigns, Economic sanctions, embargoes, and sports diplomacy. After the end of World War II in 1945, during which the US and USSR had been allies, the USSR installed satellite state, satellite governments in its occupied territories in Eastern Europe and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Peru
The president of Peru (), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the supreme head of the Peruvian Armed Forces, Armed Forces and National Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country, making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the Constitution of Peru, 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress of Peru can impeach the president without cause, effectively making the executive branch subject to the legislature. The president is elected to direct the general policy of the government, work with the Congress of the Republic and the Council of Ministers (Peru), Council of Ministers to enact reform, and be an administrator of the state, enforcing the constitution, which establishes the presidential requirements, rights, and obliga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Óscar R
Oscar or Oskar is a masculine given name of English and Irish origin. Etymology The name is derived from two elements in Irish: the first, ''os'', means "deer"; the second element, ''car'', means "loving" or "friend", thus "deer-loving one" or "friend of deer". The name is borne by a character in Irish mythology—Oscar, grandson of Fionn Mac Cumhaill, and refers to his descent from his grandmother, Sadhbh, who was enchanted into the form of a deer. Less likely, it is derived from Norse-Irish ''Osgar'' "god's spear," from ''gar'' "spear" + ''os'' "god". The name was popularised in the 18th century by Scottish poet James Macpherson, creator of 'Ossianic poetry'. Today the name is associated with Scandinavia because Napoleon was an admirer of Macpherson's work and gave the name to his godson, Joseph Bernadotte, who later became Oscar I, King of Sweden. Consequently, at the time many Swedes were named Oscar. The name was given to more than a half-dozen members of Scandinavian roy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VÃctor Raúl Haya De La Torre
VÃctor Raúl Haya de la Torre (February 22, 1895 – August 2, 1979) was a Peruvian politician, philosopher, and author who founded the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) political movement, the oldest currently existing political party in Peru by the name of the ''Peruvian Aprista Party'' (PAP). Born to an aristocratic family in Trujillo, Peru, Trujillo, a city on the north Peruvian coast, he enrolled in the National University of Trujillo and then the School of Law of the National University of San Marcos. He soon stood out as a student leader supporting the working class. He participated in protests against the regime of Augusto B. LeguÃa, standing out as a vigorous and eloquent speaker, with great power of persuasion due to the depth of his ideas. Banished by LeguÃa in 1922, he emigrated to Mexico, where in 1924 he founded the APRA, a political movement with continental projection and a Social democracy, social democratic orientation, initially with a clear An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Democratic Front (Peru)
National Democratic Front (in Spanish: ''Frente Democrático Nacional'') was a political coalition in Peru that was founded in 1944 in Arequipa Arequipa (; Aymara language, Aymara and ), also known by its nicknames of ''Ciudad Blanca'' (Spanish for "White City") and ''León del Sur'' (Spanish for "South's Lion"), is a city in Peru and the capital of the eponymous Arequipa (province), ... by Manuel J. Bustamante de la Fuente in order to launch the presidencial campaign of José Luis Bustamante y Rivero for the 1945 general election. The coalition was largely conformed by the Peruvian Aprista Party (APRA), proscribed at the time to participate electorally. The party ran under the banner of the ''People’s Party'' within the coalition, alongside the Peruvian Communist Party and an array of intellectuals rallying around Bustamante. Upon Manuel OdrÃa’s successful coup d’état in October 1948 against Bustamante’s presidency, the coalition ceased to exist. Refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Jury Of Elections
The National Jury of Elections (, JNE) of is an autonomous constitutional organ, headquartered in Lima, which serves as Peru's electoral court. Its goal is to oversee the legality of electoral processes, guaranteeing the respect for the population's will. Thus, it is the entity in charge of proclaiming the official electoral results and awarding recognitions or credentials to the elected authorities. Furthermore, it passes resolutions to regulate the electoral dispositions. Moreover, the Jury reviews appeals to resolutions passes in first instance by the Special Electoral Juries and has the last word on controversies regarding electoral matters. It also settles cases on vacancies declared by Regional and Municipal Councils. Its five members are elected by different entities of the State. Its president is elected by the Supreme Court of Peru, Supreme Court of Justice and the remaining four magistrates are appointed by the Public Ministry after being elected by the lawyers in Lima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odriist National Union
The Odriist National Union ( or UNO), was a political party in Peru founded in 1961 by former President General Manuel A. OdrÃa. The party had Julio de la Piedra amongst its leaders. Development The party had its origins in OdrÃa's military regime, which ended in 1956 when he left the country. OdrÃa's popularity grew after he left office, largely due to the high level of public works that his administration had brought in. His spending policies, however, had left a high level of public debt and it fell to the government of Manuel Prado Ugarteche to cope with this. The result was the creation of a myth that OdrÃa's rule had been one of prosperity in contrast to Prado's (although much of the problems were due to a fall in demand for raw materials following the end of the Korean War).Neira, p. 445 As a consequence OdrÃa was able to return and set up UNO in 1961, and the party quickly became the country's third biggest behind American Popular Revolutionary Alliance and Popular A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Phase
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes, and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise: The second ..is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, Δ''ν''Cs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation. The definition that is based on of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. Etymology "Minute" comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
