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Hayrullah Fişek
General Hayrullah Fişek (1885–1975) was a career officer in the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army (Captain, Ottoman War Academy, 1904 - rtd. 1945, Major-General (Mirliva)Mahmut Goloğlu, ''Cumhuriyete doğru, 1921-1922'', Başnur Matbaasıp. 307. Undersecretary for the Ministry of National Defence). Life Hayrullah Fişek, born to an ethnic Albanian family in Kalkandelen (now Tetovo, North Macedonia), was a senior officer in the Ottoman Army. Hayrullah was given the name Fişek, meaning ''cartridge'' in Turkish. Hayrullah Fişek was a direct descendant of Süleyman Aga "Fişekçi" (born around 1775 in Kalkandelen), the founder of the Fişek family of Albanian descent. His parents were Hafiz Süleyman Efendi (1849 Kalkandelen – 1894 Balıkesir), a Land Registry Officer and Fatma Hanko (1847 Kalkandelen –1930 Istanbul), Sheikh Mustafa Ruhi Efendi's daughter. He was of Albanian descent. Military career He entered the Ottoman Military College in 1901. He completed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirliva
''Mirliva'' or ''Mîr-i livâ'' was a military rank of the Ottoman Army and Navy. It corresponds to brigadier general ( modern Turkish: ''Tuğgeneral'') and division general ( modern Turkish: ''Tümgeneral'') in the modern Turkish Army. ''Mirliva'' is a compound word composed of '' Mir'' (commander) and ''Liva'' (or ''Liwa'', " brigade" in Arabic). The rank was junior to the '' Ferik'' ( Major General) and superior to the rank '' Miralay'' (Colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...) in the Ottoman Army and the pre-1935 Turkish Army. ''Mirliva'' was the most junior general rank with the title '' Pasha''. The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and cap (until 1933) of a ''Mirliva'' had three stripes and one star during the early years of the Turkish Republic. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanians
The Albanians are an ethnic group native to the Balkan Peninsula who share a common Albanian ancestry, Albanian culture, culture, Albanian history, history and Albanian language, language. They are the main ethnic group of Albania and Kosovo, and they also live in the neighboring countries of Albanians in North Macedonia, North Macedonia, Albanians in Montenegro, Montenegro, Albanians in Greece, Greece, and Albanians in Serbia, Serbia, as well as in Albanians in Italy, Italy, Albanians in Croatia, Croatia, Albanians in Bulgaria, Bulgaria, and Albanians in Turkey, Turkey. Albanians also constitute a large diaspora with several communities established across Europe and the other continents. Albanian language, The language of the Albanians is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language and the only surviving representative of the Albanoid, Albanoid branch, which belongs to the Paleo-Balkan languages, Paleo-Balkan group. Albanians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staff (military)
A military staff or general staff (also referred to as army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted, and civilian staff who serve the commander of a division or other large military unit in their command and control role through planning, analysis, and information gathering, as well as by relaying, coordinating, and supervising the execution of their plans and orders, especially in case of multiple simultaneous and rapidly changing complex operations. They are organised into functional groups such as administration, logistics, operations, intelligence, training, etc. They provide multi-directional flow of information between a commanding officer, subordinate military units and other stakeholders.PK Mallick, 2011Staff System in the Indian Army: Time for Change Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, vol 31. A centralised general staff results in tighter top-down control but requires larger staff at hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
III Corps (Turkey)
The 3rd Corps () is a field corps of the Turkish Army and the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps — Türkiye (NRDC-T). Headquartered at Ayazaga, Sarıyer in Istanbul, it is part of the First Army. It was established at Kirklareli on March 14, 1911, in the Ottoman Empire. It took part in the First Balkan War, the Second Balkan War, the Gallipoli Campaign, operations in the Caucasus 1916–1917, and operations in Palestine in 1918. It then took part in the Battles of Kutahya and Sakarya in 1921, and the Great Assault of 1922. NATO Response Force In 1941, the corps, as part of First Army, Catalca Area, with its headquarters at Çorlu, comprised 1st Infantry Division, 61st Infantry Division, 46th Infantry Division, and 62nd Infantry Division. The corps received in 2001 orders from the General Staff for its transformation into a NATO Response Force Corps, which is a high-readiness, joint, multinational force that is technologically advanced, flexible, deployable, interoperable and sus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XIV Corps (Turkey) ...
14 Corps, 14th Corps, Fourteenth Corps, or XIV Corps may refer to: * XIV Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * XIV Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army prior to and during World War I * XIV Reserve Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army during World War I * XIV Corps (India) * XIV Corps (Ottoman Empire) * 14th Army Corps (Russian Empire), a unit of the Imperial Russian Army between 1877 and 1918 * 14th Army Corps (Russian Federation), a unit of the Russian Ground Forces since 2016 * XIV Corps (United Kingdom) * XIV Corps (United States) * XIV Corps (Union Army), a unit in the American Civil War See also * List of military corps by number {{short description, None This is a list of military corps arranged by ordinal number. I to X ; I Corps: * I Army Corps (Argentina) * I ANZAC Corps (Australia and New Zealand) * I Corps (Australia) * I Corps (Belgium) * 1st Corps of the Army ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Independence War
, strength1 = May 1919: 35,000November 1920: 86,000Turkish General Staff, ''Türk İstiklal Harbinde Batı Cephesi'', Edition II, Part 2, Ankara 1999, p. 225August 1922: 271,000Celâl Erikan, Rıdvan Akın: ''Kurtuluş Savaşı tarihi'', Türkiye İş̧ Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2008, p. 339. , strength2 = 60,000 30,000 20,000 7,000 , casualties1 = 13,000 killedKate Fleet, Suraiya Faroqhi, Reşat Kasaba: The Cambridge History of Turkey Volume 4'', Cambridge University Press, 2008, , p. 159.22,690 died of diseaseSabahattin Selek: ''Millî Mücadele – Cilt I (engl.: National Struggle – Edition I)'', Burçak yayınevi, 1963, p. 109. 5,362 died of wounds or other non-combat causes35,000 wounded7,000 prisonersAhmet Özdemir''Savaş esirlerinin Milli mücadeledeki yeri'', Ankara University, Türk İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, Edition 2, Number 6, 1990, pp. 328–332Total: 83,052 casualties , casualties2 = 24,240 kill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Captain (land)
The army rank of captain (from the French ) is a commissioned officer rank historically corresponding to the command of a company of soldiers. The rank is also used by some air forces and marine forces, but usually refers to a more senior officer. History The term ultimately goes back to Late Latin meaning "head of omething; in Middle English adopted as in the 14th century, from Old French . The military rank of captain was in use from the 1560s, referring to an officer who commands a company. The naval sense, an officer who commands a man-of-war, is somewhat earlier, from the 1550s, later extended in meaning to "master or commander of any kind of vessel". A captain in the period prior to the professionalization of the armed services of European nations subsequent to the French Revolution, during the early modern period, was a nobleman who purchased the right to head a company from the previous holder of that right. He would in turn receive money from another nobleman t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infantry
Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadly encompasses a wide variety of subspecialties, including light infantry, irregular infantry, heavy infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry, mechanized infantry, Airborne forces, airborne infantry, Air assault, air assault infantry, and Marines, naval infantry. Other subtypes of infantry, such as line infantry and mounted infantry, were once commonplace but fell out of favor in the 1800s with the invention of more accurate and powerful weapons. Etymology and terminology In English, use of the term ''infantry'' began about the 1570s, describing soldiers who march and fight on foot. The word derives from Middle French , from older Italian (also Spanish) ''infanteria'' (foot soldiers too inexperienced for cavalry), from Latin '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Military College
The Ottoman Military College or Imperial Military Staff College or Ottoman Army War College ( or ), was a two-year military staff college of the Ottoman Empire. It was located in İstanbul. Its mission was to educate staff officers for the Ottoman Army. Facilities *In the Ottoman Military Academy in Pangaltı, Şişli (1848–1953"History Of Campus" in the official website of the Turkish War Colleges Command.) * Taşkışla, Şişli (1853–1858), today the administrative building of the Istanbul Technical University *In the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Mustafa Ruhi Efendi
Mustafa Ruhi Efendi (1800 - 1893, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire) was a shaikh of the Naqshbandi tariqah and political leader in the Balkans during the Ottoman period. Born in an Albanian family on the Aegean island Imbros (present-day Gökçeada in Turkey), he moved as a young man at the Vilayet of Kosovo to his family's ancestral hometown in the city of Kalkandelen (present-day Tetovo in North Macedonia). He was one of the participants of the League of Prizren which established the basis of Albanian nationalism Albanian nationalism is a general grouping of nationalism, nationalist ideas and concepts generated by ethnic Albanians that were first formed in the 19th century during the Albanian National Awakening (). Albanian nationalism is also associated w ..., and was elected "President of the Central Committee of the League". [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
