Harristown, Naas South
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Harristown, Naas South
Harristown () is a townland in County Kildare on the River Liffey downstream from Kilcullen, just north of Brannockstown in the Civil parishes in Ireland, civil parish of Carnalway in the barony (Ireland), barony of Naas South. It is the site of a ancient borough, former borough and Manorialism, manor, and Harristown (Parliament of Ireland constituency), Harristown Borough was a borough constituency sending two MPs to the Irish House of Commons before the Acts of Union 1800. Harristown Common is a townland and former commonage north of Harristown proper and separated from it by the townlands of Dunnstown and Johnstown or Dunshane. Harristown was a part of the demesne of Castlemartin House and Estate owned by the (Fitz) Eustace family, namesakes of nearby Ballymore Eustace. Harristown Castle on the border of the Pale was fortified in the 15th century by Rowland FitzEustace, 1st Baron Portlester. In the 17th century, Harristown House, County Kildare, Harristown House was built n ...
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Harristown (civil Parish)
Harristown () is a civil parish (Ireland), civil parish and electoral division (Ireland), electoral division (ED) in County Kildare in Ireland, about southwest of Kildare town. Until 1842 the parish was part of an exclave of the barony of Upper Philipstown in King's County (now County Offaly). In the Church of Ireland until the Irish Church Act 1869 the parish benefice was a Rector (ecclesiastical), rectory and vicar (Anglicanism), vicarage in the Bishop of Kildare, diocese of Kildare, forming the corps of the prebend of Harristown in Kildare Cathedral, in the patronage of the bishop. The civil parish of Harristown contains the following 16 townlands: Bawn, Boghall, Boherbaun Lower, Boherbaun Upper or Monapheeby, Cherrymills, Clarey, Cloneybeg, Coolagh, Eskerhill, Harristown (Lower and Upper), Lenagorra, Mylerstown, Pullagh, and Rickardstown (Lower and Upper). In 1841 Harristown civil parish was added to the existing Ballybrackan ED of the List of Irish Poor Law Unions, poor ...
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Commonage
Common land is collective land (sometimes only open to those whose nation governs the land) in which all persons have certain common rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect wood, or to cut turf for fuel. A person who has a right in, or over, common land jointly with another or others is usually called a commoner. In Great Britain, common land or former common land is usually referred to as a common; for instance, Clapham Common and Mungrisdale Common. Due to enclosure, the extent of common land is now much reduced from the hundreds of square kilometres that existed until the 17th century, but a considerable amount of common land still exists, particularly in upland areas. There are over 8,000 registered commons in England alone. Origins Originally in medieval England the common was an integral part of the manor, and was thus part of the estate held by the lord of the manor under a grant from the Crown or a superior peer (who in turn held his l ...
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Irish Acre
Irish measure or plantation measure was a system of units of land measurement used in Ireland from the 16th century plantations until the 19th century, with residual use into the 20th century. The units were based on " English measure" but used a linear perch measuring as opposed to the English rod of . Thus, linear units such as the furlong and mile, which were defined in terms of perches, were longer by a factor of 14:11 (~27% more) in Irish measure, while units of area, such as the rood or acre, were larger by 196:121 (~62% more). The Weights and Measures Act 1824 ( 5 Geo. 4. c. 74) mandated the use throughout the British Empire of " Imperial measure", also called "statute measure", based on English measure. Imperial measure soon replaced Irish measure in the use of the Dublin Castle administration, but Irish measure persisted in local government, and longer still in private use. History The size of the mile and acre are derived from the length of the surveyor's rod, ...
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Rotten Borough
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or Electoral district, constituency in Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom before the Reform Act 1832, Reform Act of 1832, which had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain unrepresentative influence within the unreformed House of Commons, House of Commons. The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland. The Reform Act abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs. Background A parliamentary borough was a town or former town that had been incorporated under a royal charter, giving it the right to send two elected burgess (title), burgesses as Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons. It was not unusual for the physical boundary of the settlement to change as the town ...
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Charles II Of England
Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution at Palace of Whitehall, Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War, the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649. However, England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth with a republican government eventually led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles Escape of Charles II, fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. ...
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Royal Charter
A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), university, universities, and learned society, learned societies. Charters should be distinguished from royal warrant of appointment, royal warrants of appointment, grant of arms, grants of arms, and other forms of letters patent, such as those granting an organisation the right to use the word "royal" in their name or granting city status in the United Kingdom, city status, which do not have legislative effect. The British monarchy list of organisations in the United Kingdom with a royal charter, ...
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Regnal Years Of English Monarchs
The regnal years of English and British monarchs are the official regnal years of the monarchs of the Kingdom of England from 1066 to May 1707, the Kingdom of Great Britain from May 1707 to January 1801, and the United Kingdom since January 1801. The regnal calendar ("''n''th year of the reign of King X", abbreviated to "''n X''", etc.) continues to be utilized in many official British government and legal documents of historical interest, notably parliamentary statutes prior to 1963, and prior to 1867 in the case law collected in the year books, nominative reporters, and digests, and in the reports republished in the English Reports and Revised Reports. In legal citation, the first monarch of a regnal name is not followed by an ordinal number, but all subsequent monarchs of that name are. Thus, the 25th year of Elizabeth I is simply 25 Eliz., but the 25th year of Elizabeth II is 25 Eliz. 2. Overview For centuries, English official public documents have ...
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Maurice Eustace (Lord Chancellor)
Sir Maurice Eustace (c. 1590 – 22 June 1665) was an Irish landowner, politician, barrister and judge of the seventeenth century who spent the last years of his career as Lord Chancellor of Ireland. This was an office for which he felt himself to be entirely unfit, and in which he was universally agreed to be a failure. Family background Eustace was born in about 1590, at Castlemartin House and Estate, Castlemartin, County Kildare, eldest of the three sons of John FitzWilliam Eustace, Constable of Naas (died 1623). Little is known of his mother, whose name is thought to be Catherine d'Arcy. Of his sisters, one, whose name is variously given as Elizabeth or Elinor, married Edmund Keating and had two sons, Oliver and John Keating (judge), John Keating, Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas, while another, Alice, married Robert Cusack of Rathgar Castle, but was apparently not the mother of his son Adam Cusack. The Eustaces of Castlemartin were a branch of the prominent "Old Engli ...
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Lord Chancellor Of Ireland
The Lord High Chancellor of Ireland, commonly known as the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, was the highest ranking judicial office in Ireland until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. From 1721 until the end of 1800, it was also the highest political office of the Irish Parliament; the Chancellor was Speaker of the Irish House of Lords. The Lord Chancellor was also Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Ireland. In all three respects, the office mirrored the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. Origins There is a good deal of confusion as to precisely when the office originated. Until the reign of Henry III of England, it is doubtful if the offices of Irish and English Chancellor were distinct. Only in 1232 is there a clear reference to a separate Court of Chancery (Ireland). Early Irish Lord Chancellors, beginning with Stephen Ridell in 1186, were simply the English Chancellor acting through a Deputy. In about 1244 the decision was taken that there must be separate ho ...
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Harristown House, County Kildare
Harristown House is an Anglo-Irish big house, Irish country house, constructed in either 1662, 1740 or the 1780s, and is named after the townland in which it sits near the village of Brannockstown, County Kildare, Ireland (state), Ireland, on the banks of the River Liffey. Following a fire in 1891, the house was rebuilt to a smaller design by architect James Franklin Fuller, with the original third storey removed. As of , the house acts as a language school/summer camp and occasional filming location and venue for hire. Harristown Castle The townland of Harristown, Naas South, Harristown, on the edge of the Pale, was originally the site of a Castles in Great Britain and Ireland, castle owned by the Eustace family since at least the 1470s, which in 1650 was besieged during the Irish Confederate Wars and "taken by a party of the Roundhead, parliamentarian forces under Colonels John Hewson (regicide), Hewson and John Reynolds (Roundhead), Reynolds." The castle later came into the o ...
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Rowland FitzEustace, 1st Baron Portlester
Rowland FitzEustace, 1st Baron Portlester (c. 1430 – 19 December 1496) was an Irish peer, statesman and judge. He was one of the dominant political figures in late fifteenth-century Ireland, rivalled in influence probably only by his son-in-law Garret FitzGerald, the "Great" Earl of Kildare.Beresford, David "FitzEustace, Rowland" ''Cambridge Dictionary of National Biography 2009'' Career FitzEustace was the eldest son of Sir Edward FitzEustace of Castlemartin, County Kildare, Lord Deputy of Ireland, and his wife, Alicia. He belonged to one of the most prominent of the "Old English" families of the Pale, which had several branches. He was called to the Bar in England in about 1454, and soon afterwards became Chief Clerk to the Court of King's Bench and the Court of Common Pleas. He was appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland and Lord Treasurer of Ireland by King Edward IV of England in 1474, and was elevated to the Irish peerage as Baron Portlester in 1462. In the latter yea ...
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The Pale
The Pale ( Irish: ''An Pháil'') or the English Pale (' or ') was the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages. It had been reduced by the late 15th century to an area along the east coast stretching north from Dalkey, which is just south of Dublin, to the garrison town of Dundalk. The inland boundary went to Naas and Leixlip around the Earldom of Kildare, towards Trim and north towards Kells. In this district, many townlands have English or Norman-French names, the latter associated with Anglo-Norman influence in England. Etymology The word ''pale'', meaning a fence, is derived from the Latin word ', meaning "stake", specifically a stake used to support a fence. A paling fence is made of pales ganged side by side, and the word ''palisade'' is derived from the same root. From this came the figurative meaning of "boundary". The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' is dubious about the popular notion that the phrase '' beyond the ...
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