Fundición Chagres
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Fundición Chagres
Fundición Chagres is a copper smelter plant in Valparaíso Region, Chile. It is owned by Anglo American plc, Anglo American (51%), Codelco (24.5%) and Mitsubishi (24.5%). It lies at 400 meters above sea level and reported to produce 110.1 kTons of copper anodes in 2023. It has a smelting capacity of 560 kTon per year but produced in the mid-2010s 140 kTon copper per year. The smelter captures over 96% of its sulphur emissions. Together with Fundición Altonorte they are two only private-owned copper smelters in Chile, while the remaining five are owned by state-owned Codelco or ENAMI (Chile), ENAMI. The smelter operates with three Converting (metallurgy), Peirce Smith converter (PSC) and two rotary Slag Cleaning Furnaces (SCF). The smelter had as of January 2024 a permanent workforce of 323 employees and 230 contractors. See also *Alexander Sutulov *Copper mining in Chile *List of copper smelters in Chile *Pollution in Quintero and Puchuncaví References

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Valparaíso Region
The Valparaíso Region (, ) is one of Chile's 16 Regions of Chile, first order administrative divisions.Valparaíso Region, 2006 With the country's second-highest population of 1,790,219 , and fourth-smallest area of , the region is Chile's second most densely populated after the Santiago Metropolitan Region to the southeast. The region also includes Chile's remote islands of the Pacific Ocean, including Rapa Nui and the Juan Fernandez Islands. Its capital is the port city of Valparaíso; other important cities include Viña del Mar, Quillota, San Felipe, Chile, San Felipe, Quilpué, Villa Alemana, and San Antonio, Chile, San Antonio. Administration As a region, Valparaíso is a first-level administrative division. Since 2021, the region is governed by the governor, who is elected by popular vote. The current governor is Rodrigo Mundaca (Broad Front (Chilean political coalition), Broad Front). Geography and natural features The region is on the same latitude as the Santiago ...
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Converting (metallurgy)
Converting is a type of metallurgical smelting that includes several processes; the most commercially important form is the treatment of molten metal sulfides to produce crude metal and slag, as in the case of copper and nickel converting. A now-uncommon form is batch treatment of pig iron to produce steel by the Bessemer process. The vessel used was called the ''Bessemer converter''. Modern steel mills use basic oxygen process converters. Equipment The converting process occurs in a ''converter''. Two kinds of converters are widely used: horizontal and vertical. Horizontal (which are an improvement of the ) prevail in the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals. Such a converter is a horizontal barrel lined with refractory material inside. A hood for the purpose of the loading/unloading operations is located on the upper side of the converter. Two belts of tuyeres come along the axis on either sides of the converter. Molten sulfide material, referred to as matte, is poured th ...
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Mitsubishi Companies
The is a group of autonomous Japanese multinational companies in a variety of industries. Founded by Yatarō Iwasaki in 1870, the Mitsubishi Group traces its origins to the Mitsubishi zaibatsu, a unified company that existed from 1870 to 1946. The company, along with other major zaibatsu, was disbanded during the occupation of Japan following World War II by the order of the Allies. Despite the dissolution, the former constituent companies continue to share the Mitsubishi brand and trademark. While the group of companies engages in limited business cooperation, most notably through monthly "Friday Conference" executive meetings, they remain formally independent and are not under common control. The three main entities (''gosanke'') are Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (the largest bank in Japan), Mitsubishi Corporation (a general trading company), and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (a diversified manufacturing company). A 2020 estimate concluded that all the Mitsubishi companies co ...
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Buildings And Structures In Valparaíso Region
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practi ...
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Pollution In Quintero And Puchuncaví
The Chilean port of Quintero and adjacent Puchuncaví have made themselves known for their pollution in the 2010s and 2020s. They have together been characterized as a sacrifice zone. The zone hosts the coal-fired Ventanas Power Plant, an oil refinery, a cement storage, Fundición Ventanas, a copper foundry and refinery, a lubricant factory and a chemical terminal. In total 15 polluting companies operate in the area. In 1992 there was a judicial appeal filed by five women from Puchuncavi against Fundición Ventanas and Chilgener, this was filed against the refinery for the toxic clouds it emitted. In areas near the polluting industries, testing in 1997 showed high levels copper in the soil. High level of selenium and copper were also found in rainwater near the industries. In 2011, Escuela La Greda located in Puchuncaví, was engulfed in a chemical cloud from the Ventanas Industrial Complex. The sulfur cloud poisoned an estimated 33 children and 9 teachers, resulting in the reloca ...
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List Of Copper Smelters In Chile
The following is a list of copper smelters in Chile that have been active at some point after 1950. Chile is the world's largest producer of copper and activity provides a substantial part of the Chilean state's revenue: slightly less than 6% in 2020, with state-owned copper company Codelco alone generating 2.6% of state revenue. In 2024 copper processed in Chilean copper smelters made up 33% of the value of Chilean mining products exports while unrefined copper concentrate Copper extraction is the multi-stage process of obtaining copper from its ores. The conversion of copper ores consists of a series of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ... represented 50.9% of the value of Chilean mining exports. Since the 1990s no new copper smelters have been built in Chile. Copper smelters that serves a specific mine is called integrated smelters. A custom copper smelter is one receiving or open to receive ores ...
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Copper Mining In Chile
Chile is the world's largest producer of copper and has been so uninterruptedly since 1983. This activity provides a substantial part of the Chilean state's revenue: slightly less than 6% in 2020, with state-owned copper company Codelco alone generating 2.6% of state revenue. Mining of copper in Chile is done chiefly on giant low-grade porphyry copper deposits which are primarily mined by the following companies; Codelco, BHP, Antofagasta Minerals, Anglo American plc, Anglo American and Glencore. Together these companies stood for 83.6% of the copper output in Chile in 2019 and many copper mining companies are joint ventures involving one at least one of these. Medium-scale mining in Chile, which focuses mainly on copper, produced about 4.5% of the copper mined in the country from 2017 to 2021. Copper is also the main product of small-scale mining in Chile, with about 95% of small-scale miners working in copper mining. One estimate puts the number of active copper mines in Chile ...
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Alexander Sutulov
Alexander Sutulov Popov (1925, Yugoslavia/Croatia – 1991) was a Yugoslavia-born Russian and Chilean chemical engineer specialized in electrometallurgy and extractive metallurgy and active in El Teniente copper mine and various research institutions. In the University of Concepción he contributed to the establishment of the Metallurgy, metallurgical engineering degree in 1961. He fought in the Red Army in the Second World War and graduated from the University of Belgrade in 1950. He was forced to leave Yugoslavia when a decree was issued expelling all non-Communist Russian citizens from the country. In 1955 he arrived on a contract by Braden Copper Company to the Andes, Andean mining town of Sewell, Chile, Sewell in Chile. There he worked as chief of metallurgical research of El Teniente. In 1961 he was invited to work in the University of Concepción by its rector David Stitchkin. From 1970 to 1973 he worked in the University of Utah and from 1974 onward, and back in Chile, in Code ...
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ENAMI (Chile)
Empresa Nacional de Minería (National Mining Enterprise) better known by its acronym ENAMI is a Chilean state-owned mining company based in Santiago. Its business involve purchasing ore, primarily from small and medium-scale mining, processing it is and selling the processed product, usually copper, in the international market. ENAMI has also its role in providing technical and financial assistance for mining in its target segment. Its board president is the Chilean minister of mining, who since August 2023 is Aurora Williams. ENAMI was created in 1960 by the merger of Caja de Crédito y Fomento Minero (CACREMI) and Empresa Nacional de Fundiciones. The company is aimed to help small-scale miners by among other things buying ore in quantities that are otherwise too small to be traded in the international market. The company also helps stabilizing prices for the products of medium and small-scale miners. It has most of its offices and smelters and other industries in the north ...
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Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of , sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández Islands, Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas Islands, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish language, Spanish. Conquest of Chile, Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Incas in Central Chile, Inca rule; however, they Arauco War ...
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Fundición Altonorte
Fundición Altonorte or Complejo Metalúrgico Altonorte is a copper smelter plant in La Negra, 25 km southeast of the city of Antofagasta in northern Chile. Owned by Glencore, it is classified as a "custom smelter" as it does not depend on ore concentrate from a particular mine nor does it lie next to one. In 2015 it had a capacity to produce 350,000 metric tons of copper yearly making it the third largest of Chile's seven copper smelters. This capacity made Fundición Altonorte one of the world's 20 largest copper smelters. Besides copper Fundición Altonorte also produces sulphuric acid. By 2023 it operated with 750 employees and 323 employees from contractors. Its CEO is Juan Carrasco Palma. The smelter was established in 1993 and was by then known as Refimet. In 1998 its property was fully acquired by Noranda and it changed name to Fundición Altonorte, and in 2006 Glencore gained total ownership of it. Reportedly, the initial investment in the smelter came as result of t ...
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Consejo Minero
Consejo Minero (lit. Mining Council) is a guild grouping large mining companies active in Chile. According to Consejo Minero in 2025 its companies produce 94% of Chile's copper, 96% of its iron, 90% of its silver and 63% of its gold and lithium. Its members are Anglo American, BHP, CMP, Minera Centinela, Codelco, Compañía Minera Doña Inés de Collahuasi, El Abra (owned by Freeport-McMoRan and Codelco), Minera Escondida, Freeport-McMoRan, Glencore, Gold Fields, KGHM, Kinross, Lundin Mining, Pampa Norte, Minera Los Pelambres, Rio Tinto, South32, Sociedad Química y Minera and Teck Resources. Prior to the joining of Compañía de Acero del Pacífico (CMP) in 2017 the guild lacked any company engaged in the production of iron. See also * Canadian mining in Latin America and the Caribbean *Chilean nationalization of copper The nationalization of the Chilean copper industry, commonly described as the Chilenization of copper () was the process by which the Chilean gover ...
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