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Frigg Field
Frigg gas field is a natural gas field on Norwegian block 25/1 in the North Sea, on the boundary between the United Kingdom and Norway. The field is named after the goddess Frigg. King Olav V of Norway officially opened production on 8 May 1978. Production was closed on 26 October 2004. The field is situated northwest of Stavanger. Operator for the field was the French oil company Elf Aquitaine, which merged and changed name to Total S.A. Operations were regulated according to an agreement between the UK and Norwegian governments called the Frigg Treaty. Infrastructural changes were made in three phases: * Phase I - 1977 * Phase II - 1978 * Phase III - 1981 Geology The field was discovered at a depth of by the Petronord group (Elf Aquitaine, Total Oil Marine Norsk, and Norsk Hydro) and the Norwegian State in 1971 with Well 25/1-1 using the Semi-submersible Neptune P 81 in of water.Heritier et al, 1980, p. 60 The well was located following interpretation of a 15 by 20 km ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Sea
The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. A sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, covering . It hosts key north European shipping lanes and is a major fishery. The coast is a popular destination for recreation and tourism in bordering countries, and a rich source of energy resources, including wind energy, wind and wave power. The North Sea has featured prominently in geopolitical and military affairs, particularly in Northern Europe, from the Middle Ages to the modern era. It was also important globally through the power northern Europeans projected worldwide during much of the Middle Ages and into the modern era. The North Sea was the centre of the Viking Age, Vikings' rise. The Hanseatic League, the Dutch Golden Age, Dutch Republic, and Kingdom of Great Britain, Brita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Basin
A structural basin is a large-scale structural geology, structural formation of rock stratum, strata formed by tectonics, tectonic warping (Fold (geology), folding) of previously flat-lying strata into a syncline fold. They are geological depression (geology), depressions, the inverse of dome (geology), domes. Elongated structural basins are a type of geological Trough (geology), trough. Some structural basins are sedimentary basins, aggregations of sediment that filled up a depression or accumulated in an area; others were formed by tectonic events long after the sedimentary layers were deposited. Basins may appear on a geologic map as roughly circular or elliptical, with concentric layers. Because the strata dip toward the center, the exposed strata in a basin are progressively younger from the outside in, with the youngest rocks in the center. Basins are often large in areal extent, often hundreds of kilometers across. Structural basins are often important sources of coal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Gas Fields In Norway
Nature is an inherent character or constitution, particularly of the ecosphere or the universe as a whole. In this general sense nature refers to the laws, elements and phenomena of the physical world, including life. Although humans are part of nature, human activity or humans as a whole are often described as at times at odds, or outright separate and even superior to nature. During the advent of modern scientific method in the last several centuries, nature became the passive reality, organized and moved by divine laws. With the Industrial Revolution, nature increasingly became seen as the part of reality deprived from intentional intervention: it was hence considered as sacred by some traditions ( Rousseau, American transcendentalism) or a mere decorum for divine providence or human history ( Hegel, Marx). However, a vitalist vision of nature, closer to the pre-Socratic one, got reborn at the same time, especially after Charles Darwin. Within the various uses of the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Petroleum Museum
The Norwegian Petroleum Museum (''Norsk Oljemuseum'') is a museum documenting Norwegian oil and gas activities, located in Stavanger, Norway. Overview It was designed by the architectural firm of Lunde & Løvseth Arkitekter A/S and was opened on 20 May 1999. Seen from the sea the museum looks like a small oil platform. The unusual architecture has made the museum a landmark in the Port of Stavanger. The museum was built in stone, glass and concrete and covers approx. 5,000 square meters. The museum focuses on offshore petroleum activity especially in the North Sea. The museum displays objects, films, photographs and other materials have been collected that document Norwegian oil and gas activities. The museum shows the technological development from the beginning of the Norwegian oil history in the mid-1960s, from the first North Sea drilling platforms, through steel and concrete platforms developed and built in Norway, to modern, flexible production ships and subsea systems. Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equinor
Equinor ASA (formerly Statoil and StatoilHydro) is a Norwegian multinational energy company headquartered in Stavanger, Norway. It is primarily a petroleum company, petroleum company operating in 36 countries with additional investments in renewable energy. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Equinor was ranked as the 169th-largest public company in the world. In 2023, the company was ranked 52nd in the same list. the company has 21,126 employees. The current company was formed by the 2007 merger of History of Statoil (1972–2007), Statoil with the Hydro Oil & Gas, oil and gas division of Norsk Hydro. As of 2017, the Government of Norway is the largest shareholder with 67% of the Share (finance), shares, while the rest is public stock. The ownership interest is managed by the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (Norway), Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. The company is headquartered and led from Stavanger, while most of their international operations are currently led from F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odin Gas Field
The Odin gas field was a gas producing field in the Norwegian sector of the central North Sea. Production of gas started in October 1984, the peak gas production of 360 mmcfd (million cubic feet per day) was achieved in 1985. Production ceased in 1994 and the field installation was dismantled in 1997. The field The characteristics of the Odin field reservoir were as follows. Owners and operator The field was owned and operated by Esso Exploration and Production Norway Inc. (100%). Infrastructure The Odin field was developed through a single offshore installation. Production The design production capacity of Odin was 10.2 million standard cubic metres per day of gas. The gas production profile of the Odin field was as shown. Odin ceased production in 1994 and the installation was removed from the field in 1997. The field may be redeveloped if the Yggdrasil area development is approved. See also * Frigg gas field * Ekofisk oil field * Edda oil and gas field * Cod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vesterled
Vesterled is a natural gas pipeline system, which runs from the Heimdal field ( Heimdal Riser platform) in the North Sea to St Fergus Gas Plant near Peterhead in Scotland. The name ''Vesterled'' is the term used by the Vikings for their westward voyages, i.e. ''vesterled'' = "the way westward". History Originally the Vesterled pipeline was known as the Frigg Norwegian Pipeline, which was built in 1974–1978 to transport gas from the Frigg field to the United Kingdom. It was laid in parallel to the Frigg UK Pipeline creating the Frigg Transportation System. It became operational in August 1978. As the Frigg field was running to cease production, the spur line from the Heimdal field was put in operation on 1 October 2001. Technical description The pipeline is long and has a diameter of . The Vesterled pipeline consists of two sections: a long pipeline links the Heimdal Riser with the former Frigg Norwegian Pipeline. The capacity of Vesterled is about 12 billio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scotland
Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjacent Islands of Scotland, islands, principally in the archipelagos of the Hebrides and the Northern Isles. To the south-east, Scotland has its Anglo-Scottish border, only land border, which is long and shared with England; the country is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, the North Sea to the north-east and east, and the Irish Sea to the south. The population in 2022 was 5,439,842. Edinburgh is the capital and Glasgow is the most populous of the cities of Scotland. The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the 9th century. In 1603, James VI succeeded to the thrones of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, forming a personal union of the Union of the Crowns, three kingdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peterhead
Peterhead (; , ) is a town in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is the council area's largest settlement, with a population of 19,060 at the 2022 Census for Scotland, 2022 Census. It is the largest fishing port in the United Kingdom for total landings by UK vessels, according to a 2019 survey."Brexit trade deal: What does it mean for fishing?" - BBC News, December 2020 Peterhead sits at the easternmost point in mainland Scotland. It is often referred to as ''The Blue Toun'' (locally spelled "The Bloo Toon") and its natives are known as ''Bloo Touners''. They are also referred to as ''blue mogganers'' (locally spelled "bloomogganners"), supposedly from the blue worsted ''moggans'' or stockings that the fishermen originally wore. Prehistory and archaeology Expansion of the town's landfill led to ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frigg UK System
The Frigg UK System is a natural gas transportation system from the North Sea gas fields to St. Fergus near Peterhead in Scotland. It transports natural gas from the Alwyn North, Dunbar, Ellon, Grant, Nuggets, Frigg, Bruce, Ross, Captain, Buzzard, Tartan, Piper, Chanter, Galley, Hamish, Highlander, Ivanhoe, MacCulloch, Petronella, Saltire, and Rob Roy, fields. History Construction of the main pipeline, the Frigg UK pipeline, started in 1974 and was completed in 1977. It was built to transport natural gas from the Frigg gas field to the United Kingdom. Because of technical limitations, it was decided to build two parallel pipelines, one (the Frigg UK pipeline) by the United Kingdom and one by Norway (former Frigg Norwegian Pipeline, now Vesterled). Even in British waters, until 1998 both pipelines were in Norwegian jurisdiction. Technical description The system comprises the Frigg UK pipeline, Alwyn pipeline, other connection lines, and processing facilities at the St Ferg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Density
Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the ratio of a substance's mass to its volume. The symbol most often used for density is ''ρ'' (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ''D'' (or ''d'') can also be used: \rho = \frac, where ''ρ'' is the density, ''m'' is the mass, and ''V'' is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume, although this is scientifically inaccurate this quantity is more specifically called specific weight. For a pure substance, the density is equal to its mass concentration. Different materials usually have different densities, and density may be relevant to buoyancy, purity and packaging. Osmium is the densest known element at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. To simplify comparisons of density across different systems of units, it is sometimes replaced by the dimensionless quantity "relative den ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat Spot
A flat spot, or wheel flat, also called spalling or shelling, is a fault in railroad wheel shape. A flat spot occurs when a rail vehicle's wheelset stops rotating while the train is still in motion, causing part of the wheel to ablate against the hard steel of the rails. Flat spots are usually caused by use of the emergency brake, or slippery (low-adhesion) conditions that cause wheels to lock up while the train is still moving. Flat spots are more common in the autumn and winter when the rails are slippery. Consequences NORAC guidelines state that the train may continue at normal speed if the flat spot is less than 2.5 inches long, or, in the case of multiple adjacent flat spots, each is shorter than 2 inches. The fault is removed later in the wheelset turning process, using a wheel lathe. However, because of the heat suffered while being dragged along the rail and the impacts suffered afterward, these wheels are more likely to break due to changes in the alloy structure. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
