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Forensic Psychology
Forensic psychology is the application of scientific knowledge and methods (in relation to psychology) to assist in answering legal questions that may arise in criminal, civil, contractual, or other judicial proceedings. Forensic psychology includes research on various psychology-law topics, such as: Scientific jury selection, jury selection, reducing systemic racism in criminal law between humans, eyewitness testimony, evaluating Competency evaluation (law), competency to stand trial, or assessing Veteran, military veterans for Veterans benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States, service-connected disability compensation. The American Psychological Association, American Psychological Association's ''Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists'' reference several psychology sub-disciplines, such as: Social psychology, social, Clinical psychology, clinical, Experimental psychology, experimental, Counseling psychology, counseling, and neuropsychology. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial Proceedings
Legal proceeding is an activity that seeks to invoke the power of a tribunal in order to enforce a law. Although the term may be defined more broadly or more narrowly as circumstances require, it has been noted that " e term ''legal proceedings'' includes proceedings brought by or at the instigation of a public authority, and an appeal against the decision of a court or tribunal". Legal proceedings are generally characterized by an orderly process in which participants or their representatives are able to present evidence in support of their claims, and to argue in favor of particular interpretations of the law, after which a judge, jury, or other trier of fact makes a determination of the factual and legal issues. * Activities needed to have a court deem legal process to have been provided, such as through service of process. * Conduct of a trial, whether a lawsuit or civil trial, or a criminal trial. * Issuance and enforcement of court orders, including those imposing foreclosu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Bond (British Surgeon)
Thomas Bond Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons, FRCS, Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, MB BS (London), (7 October 1841 – 6 June 1901) was an English people, English surgeon considered by some to be the first offender profiling, offender profiler,Serial Crime: Theoretical and Practical Issues in Behavioral Profiling By Wayne Petherick Published by Academic Press (2005) pg 1 and best known for his association with the notorious Jack the Ripper murders of 1888. Early life Born at Durston Lodge at Durston in Somerset in 1841, he was the son of Thomas Bond (1806-), a gentleman farmer, and Mary ''née'' Hearne (1810–1878). Bond was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School at Taunton.Obi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of The United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all Federal tribunals in the United States, U.S. federal court cases, and over State court (United States), state court cases that turn on questions of Constitution of the United States, U.S. constitutional or Law of the United States, federal law. It also has Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the United States, original jurisdiction over a narrow range of cases, specifically "all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party." In 1803, the Court asserted itself the power of Judicial review in the United States, judicial review, the ability to invalidate a statute for violating a provision of the Constitution via the landmark case ''Marbury v. Madison''. It is also able to strike down presidential directives for violating either the Constitution or s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown V
Brown is a color. It can be considered a composite color, but it is mainly a darker shade of orange. In the CMYK color model used in printing and painting, brown is usually made by combining the colors orange and black. In the RGB color model used to project colors onto television screens and computer monitors, brown combines red and green. The color brown is seen widely in nature, wood, soil, human hair color, eye color and skin pigmentation. Brown is the color of dark wood or rich soil. In the RYB color model, brown is made by mixing the three primary colors, red, yellow, and blue. According to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, brown is the least favorite color of the public; it is often associated with fecal matter, plainness, the rustic, although it does also have positive associations, including baking, warmth, wildlife, the autumn and music. Etymology The term is from Old English , in origin for any dusky or dark shade of color. The f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frye Standard
In United States law, the ''Frye'' standard, ''Frye'' test, or general acceptance test is a judicial test used in some U.S. state courts to determine the admissibility of scientific evidence. It provides that expert opinion based on a scientific technique is admissible only when the technique is generally accepted as reliable in the relevant scientific community. In '' Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals'', 509 U.S. 579 (1993), the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Federal Rules of Evidence superseded ''Frye'' as the standard for admissibility of expert evidence in federal courts. Some states, however, still adhere to the ''Frye'' standard. History This standard comes from ''Frye v. United States'', 293 F. 1013 (D.C. Cir. 1923), a case discussing the admissibility of systolic blood pressure deception test as evidence. The Court in ''Frye'' held that expert testimony must be based on scientific methods that are sufficiently established and accepted. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frye V
Frye is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Channing Frye (born 1983), American basketball player * Charlie Frye (born 1981), American football player for the Oakland Raiders *Don Frye (born 1965), American mixed martial arts fighter *Donna Frye (born 1952), San Diego city councilwoman * Dwight Frye (1899–1943), American actor * George Frederick Frye (1833–1912), Seattle pioneer and the City Council member * Henry Frye (born 1932), American politician and judge, first black chief justice of North Carolina Supreme Court * Jack Frye (1904–1959), American aviation pioneer * John Frye (1933–2005), Scottish footballer * Joseph Frye (1712–1794), colonial American soldier and general * Kelly Frye (born 1984), American actress * Marilyn Frye (born 1941), American philosophy professor and feminist theorist * Mark Frye (born 1957), Contemporary American composer *Northrop Frye (1912–1991), Canadian literary critic *Richard N. Frye (1920–2014), American scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Moulton Marston
William Moulton Marston (May 9, 1893 – May 2, 1947), also known by the pen name Charles Moulton (), was an American psychologist who, with his wife Elizabeth Holloway, invented an early prototype of the polygraph. He was also known as a self-help author and comic book writer who created the character Wonder Woman. Two women, his wife Elizabeth Holloway Marston, and their polyamorous life partner, Olive Byrne, greatly influenced Wonder Woman's creation. He was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2006. Biography Early life and career Marston was born in the Cliftondale section of Saugus, Massachusetts, the son of Annie Dalton (née Moulton) and Frederick William Marston. Marston was educated at Harvard University, graduating Phi Beta Kappa and receiving his B.A. in 1915, an LL.B. in 1918, and a PhD in psychology in 1921. While a student at Harvard, Marston sold his first script, ''The Thief'', to filmmaker Alice Guy-Blaché, who directed the film in 1913. After tea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Healy (neurologist)
William Healy (January 20, 1869 – March 15, 1963) was a British-American psychiatrist and criminologist who started the earliest American child guidance clinic, was a pioneer of psychoanalysis in the United States, and served as the American Orthopsychiatric Association's founding president. Early life and education William Healy was born in Buckinghamshire, England on January 20, 1869. He came from a family of farmers who had resided for generations in Farnham Commons of Beaconsfield, twenty-five miles northwest of London. When he was nine, his family immigrated to the United States, settling in Chicago where Healy spent the remainder of his childhood. At fourteen, before finishing eighth grade, Healy began working as an office boy at a bank. The small bank was somewhat of a “cultural storehouse” with employees that ranged from Shakespearean scholars and poets to musical conductors. Over the next ten years, Healy became head “bookkeeper” before applying to Harvard U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lightner Witmer
Lightner Witmer (June 28, 1867 – July 19, 1956) was an American psychologist. He introduced the term " clinical psychology" and is often credited with founding the field that it describes. Witmer created the world's first "psychological clinic" at the University of Pennsylvania in 1896, including the first journal of clinical psychology and the first clinical hospital school in 1907. Witmer contributed to numerous branches of psychology including school psychology. He contributed to the field of special education. Little is known about Witmer's life. He is described as an introverted and private person. Early life Witmer was born in Philadelphia on June 28, 1867. He was born David L. Witmer Jr., but at age 50, he changed his name to Lightner. Witmer was born to a devout Catholic mother and father: David Witmer, a Germantown pharmacist who graduated from a Philadelphia College in 1862; and Katherine Huchel, about whom little is known. He was the eldest of four children, foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness. It includes the signs and symptoms of all mental disorders. The field includes Abnormal psychology, abnormal cognition, maladaptive behavior, and experiences which differ according to social norms. This discipline is an in-depth look into symptoms, behaviors, causes, course, development, categorization, treatments, strategies, and more. Biological psychopathology is the study of the biological etiology of abnormal cognitions, behaviour and experiences. Child psychopathology is a specialization applied to children and adolescents. History Early explanations for Mental illness, mental illnesses were influenced by religious belief and superstition. Psychological conditions that are now classified as mental disorders were initially attributed to possessions by evil spirits, demons, and the devil. This idea was widely accepted up until the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Greek physician Hippocrates was one of the first to rej ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud ( ; ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating psychopathology, pathologies seen as originating from conflicts in the Psyche (psychology), psyche, through dialogue between patient and psychoanalyst, and the distinctive theory of mind and human agency derived from it. Freud was born to Galician Jews, Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Příbor, Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902. Freud lived and worked in Vienna having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. Following the Anschluss, German annexation of Austria in March 1938, Freud left Austria to escape Nazi persecution. He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychological Research
Psychological research refers to research that psychologists conduct for systematic study and for analysis of the experiences and behaviors of individuals or groups. Their research can have educational, occupational and clinical applications. History Wilhelm Wundt is credited as one of the founders of psychology. He created the first laboratory for psychological research. Philosophical foundations Ethical considerations Psychological research risks harming the subjects of the research. In order to prevent that harm, proposed studies are usually approved by an institutional review board to ensure that the risks to the research subjects are justified by the anticipated benefits. IRBs also verify that informed consent has been obtained. This involves documenting that the subject (or legally authorized representative) agrees to being a subject after having been informed of what the research is about, risks and benefits to the subject, that the subject may discontinue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
