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Esmâ Ibret Hanim
Esmâ Ibret Hanim (born 1780) was an Ottoman calligrapher and poet, noted as the most successful female calligrapher of her day. Life and work In the 18th-century Ottoman period, calligraphy was a male-dominated profession. However, a small number of female calligraphers, such as Esmâ Ibret and Şerife Fatma, successfully trained as calligraphers and were able to make valuable contributions in their field. Esmâ Ibret Hanim was born in Istanbul in 1194 (1780). Her father was Serhasekiyan-i hassa Ahmed Ağa, an official in the Royal Palace. She was an only child, and special attention was given to her education. From early childhood she showed an interest in calligraphy, writing in sülüs-nesih and icâzet and copying the work of Mahmud Celâleddin Efendi. Her father liked to trick his friends by showing her work and then watching his friends' amazed responses when they were told that his daughter was the scribe. At the age of 10, her father sent her to Sheikh Murad Derwish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of The Ottoman Empire
The culture of the Ottoman Empire evolved over several centuries as the ruling administration of the Turkish peoples, Turks absorbed, adapted and modified the various native cultures of conquered lands and their peoples. There was influence from the customs and languages of nearby Islamic culture, Islamic societies such as Jordan, Egypt and Palestine, while Persian people, Persian culture had a significant contribution through the Great Seljuq Empire, Seljuq Turks, the Ottoman Turks, Ottomans' predecessors. Despite more recent amalgamations, the Ottoman dynasty, like their predecessors in the Sultanate of Rum and the Seljuk Empire were influenced by Persian culture, language, habits, customs and cuisines.Throughout its history, the Ottoman Empire had substantial subject populations of Rum Millet, Orthodox subjects, Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Armenians, History of the Jews in Turkey#Ottoman era, Jews and Assyrians and Syriacs in Turkey, Assyrians, who were allowed a certain amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calligraphers From The Ottoman Empire
Calligraphy () is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instruments. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious, and skillful manner". In East Asia and the Muslim world, Islamic world, where written forms allow for greater flexibility, Islamic calligraphy, calligraphy is regarded as a significant art form, and the form it takes may be affected by the meaning of the text or the individual words. Modern Western calligraphy ranges from functional inscriptions and designs to fine-art pieces where the legibility of letters varies. Classical calligraphy differs from type design and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may practice both. CD-ROM Western calligraphy continues to flourish in the forms of wedding invitations and event invitations, font design and typography, original hand-lettered logo design, religious art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Artists From The Ottoman Empire
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1780 Births
Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow its delegates to cede a portion of its western territory to the Continental Congress for the common benefit of the war. * March 1 – The legislature of Pennsylvania votes, 34 to 21, to approve An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery. * March 11 ** The First League of Armed Neutrality is formed by Russia with Denmark and Sweden to try to prevent the British Royal Navy from searching neutral vessels for contraband (February 28 O.S.). ** General Lafayette embarks on at Rochefort, arriving in Boston on April 28, carrying the news that he has secured French men and ships to reinforce the American side in the American Revolutionary War. * March 17 – American Revolutionary War: The British San Juan Expedition sails from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Art
Turkish art ( Turkish: Türk sanatı) refers to all works of visual art originating from the geographical area of what is present day Turkey since the arrival of the Turks in the Middle Ages. Turkey also was the home of much significant art produced by earlier cultures, including the Hittites, Ancient Greeks, and Byzantines. Ottoman art is therefore the dominant element of Turkish art before the 20th century, although the Seljuks and other earlier Turks also contributed. The 16th and 17th centuries are generally recognized as the finest period for art in the Ottoman Empire, much of it associated with the huge Imperial court. In particular the long reign of Suleiman the Magnificent from 1520 to 1566 brought a combination, rare in any ruling dynasty, of political and military success with strong encouragement of the arts. The ''nakkashane'', as the palace workshops are now generally known, were evidently very important and productive, but though there is a fair amount of survivi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ottoman Calligraphers
The following is an incomplete list of Ottoman calligraphers: 15th–16th century * Ahmed Karahisari *Sheikh Hamdullah * Kahdi Mahmud Efendi (d. 1575) * Ahmed Pasa (d. 1611) son of Kahdi Mahmud Efendi * Mustafa Ali (d. 1600) * Yûsuf Efendi (d. 1611) * Abdullah Amâsi- 16th-century calligrapher * Ahmed Şemseddin Karahisarî (d. 963/1556) * Gâbârî Adurrahman (d. 974/1566) * Rizâî Mahmud Baba Efendi (d. 987/1579) * Mustafa Dede – son of Sheikh Hamdullah (d. 945/1538) * Tâcîzâde Ca'fer Çelebi (1452–1515) poet, calligrapher and scholar 17th–18th century * Hâfiz Osman * Seyyid Kasim Gubari * Ibrahim Vahdi (d. 1714) *Ibrahim Afif (d. 1767) * Egrikapili Mehmed Rasim Efendi * İsmail Zühdi Efendi * Mehmed Esad Yesari * Mehmed Rasim (1687–1755) * Mustafa Kutahi (d. after 1785) * Musa al-'Abidi * Yesarizade Mustafa Izzet Efendi * Derviş Ali * Veliyyüddin Efendi * Mehmed Refi Efendi (d. 1769) * Abdul Rahman Hilmi (d. 1805) * Yedikuleli Seyyid 'Abdullah Efendi (d. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Calligraphy
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of penmanship and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the Arabic script#Additional letters used in other languages, alphabets derived from it. It is a highly stylized and structured form of handwriting that follows artistic conventions and is often used for List of Islamic texts, Islamic religious texts, Islamic architecture, architecture, and Islamic decoration, decoration. It includes Arabic calligraphy, Arabic, Persian calligraphy, Persian, Ottoman Turkish alphabet, Ottoman, and Urdu script, Urdu calligraphy.Chapman, Caroline (2012). ''Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture'', It is known in Arabic language, Arabic as (), literally meaning "line", "design", or "construction". The development of Islamic calligraphy is strongly tied to the Qur'an, as chapters and verses from the Qur'an are a common and almost universal text upon which Islamic calligraphy is based. Although artistic depictions of people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tezer Taşkıran
Tezer Taşkıran (, 1907 – 4 May 1979) was a Turkish–Azerbaijani writer, politician and teacher. Early life She was born in 1907 in Shusha. Her father was Ahmet Ağaoğlu, a prominent Azerbaijani and later Turkish politician of the early 20th century. and her mother was Sitare khanım. After the fall of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1920, the Ağaoğlus moved to Turkey where Tezer graduated from Faculty of Literature of Istanbul University in 1925. She married surgeon Nimet Taşkıran in 1931 and traveled to Vienna; she returned to Turkey in 1933. Family Her father Ahmet Ağaoğlu was a prominent Azerbaijani and naturalized Turkish politician, publicist and journalist. He was one of the founders of Pan-Turkism. Her sister Süreyya Ağaoğlu was a writer, jurist, and the first female lawyer in Turkish history. Her brother Samet Ağaoğlu was a poet and politician. Samet's wife, Neriman Ağaoğlu was also a politician. Career After graduating from university ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi
Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi ( Modern Turkish: ''Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi'') (d. 1829) was an Ottoman calligrapher. Life and work Born in the Dagestan region of Caucasia, his exact date of birth is uncertain. However, scholars have used an analysis of the progression of his skill and level of competence to estimate his date of birth as approximately 1750. As a boy, he moved to Istanbul with his father, Mahmud Jalaleddin, who had migrated together with Mehmed Efendi, one of the Shayshandy sheikhs. When he began practising as a calligrapher, he assumed the name ''Celaleddin Efendi''. He began his formal training with Abdullatif Efendi, who was a student of Ak Molla Omer Efendi and Hoca Râsim Efendi. However, following disagreements about style, he abandoned this tuition and was largely self-taught. He applied himself rigorously to an analysis of the works of the great 17th-century calligrapher, Hâfiz Osman. Like his contemporaries, Mustafa Râkim and İsmail Zühdi, Celaleddin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topkapı Palace
The Topkapı Palace (; ), or the Seraglio, is a large museum and library in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire, and was the main residence of its sultans. Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in 1459, six years after the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople. Topkapı was originally called the "New Palace" ( or ) to distinguish it from the Eski Saray, Old Palace ( or ) in Beyazıt Square. It was given the name , meaning Cannon Gate, in the 19th century. The complex expanded over the centuries, with major renovations after the 1509 Constantinople earthquake, 1509 earthquake and the 1665 fire. The palace complex consists of four main courtyards and many smaller buildings. Female members of the Sultan's family lived in the harem, and leading state officials, including th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akçe
The ''akçe'' or ''akça'' (anglicized as ''akche'', ''akcheh'' or ''aqcha''; ; , , in Europe known as '' asper'') was a silver coin mainly known for being the chief monetary unit of the Ottoman Empire. It was also used in other states including the Anatolian Beyliks, the Aq Qoyunlu, and the Crimean Khanate. The basic meaning of the word is "silver" or "silver money", deriving from the Turkish word () and the diminutive suffix . Three s were equal to one . One-hundred and twenty 's equalled one . Later after 1687 the ' became the main unit of account, replacing the . In 1843, the silver ' was joined by the gold lira in a bimetallic system. Its weight fluctuated; one source estimates it between 1.15 and 1.18 grams. The name ' originally referred to a silver coin but later the meaning changed and it became a synonym for money. The mint in Novo Brdo, a fortified mining town in the Serbian Despotate rich with gold and silver mines, began to strike ' in 1441 when it was captur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
