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Davul
The davul, dhol, tapan, atabal or tabl is a large double-headed drum that is played with mallets. It has many names depending on the country and region. These drums are commonly used in the music of the Middle East and the Balkans. These drums have both a deep bass sound and a thin treble sound due to their construction and playing style, where different heads and sticks are used to produce different sounds on the same drum. Names Some names of davuls include: *''dhol'' ( hy, դհոլ) *''dawola/davola'' ( syr, ܛܲܒܼܠܵܐ) *''dohol'' ( fa, دهل dohol) *''doli'' ( ka, დოლი doli) *''davul'' ( tr, davul, lit=drum) *''dahol'' ( ku, dahol, sdh, Dîweł) *''davil'' ( ta, davil) *''davula'' ( Sinhala: දවුල) *''tupan'' ( Goranian: tupan) *''daul'', ''tǎpan'', ''tupan'' ( bg, тъпан, тупан) *''goč'', ''tapan'', ''tupan'' ( sr, гоч, тапан, тупан) *''tapan, tupan'' ( mk, тапан, тупан) *''tobă/dobă'' ( ro , tobă) *''tabl'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bass Drum
The bass drum is a large drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. The instrument is typically cylindrical, with the drum's diameter much greater than the drum's depth, with a struck head at both ends of the cylinder. The heads may be made of calfskin or plastic and there is normally a means of adjusting the tension either by threaded taps or by strings. Bass drums are built in a variety of sizes, but size does not dictate the volume produced by the drum. The pitch and the sound can vary much with different sizes, Del Mar, Norman (1981). ''Anatomy of the Orchestra''. . but the size is also chosen based on convenience and aesthetics. Bass drums are percussion instruments and vary in size and are used in several musical genres. Three major types of bass drums can be distinguished. * The type usually seen or heard in orchestral, ensemble or concert band music is the orchestral, or concert bass drum (in Italian: gran cassa, gran tamburo). It is the largest dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehter
Ottoman military bands are the oldest recorded military marching band in the world. Though they are often known by the word ''Mehter'' ( ota, مهتر, plural: مهتران ''mehterân''; from "senior" in Persian) in West Europe, that word, properly speaking, refers only to a single musician in the band. In Ottoman, the band was generally known as ''mehterân'' (مهتران seniors), though those bands used in the retinue of a vizier or prince were generally known as ''mehterhane'' (Persian: مهترخانه, meaning "house of seniors"), the band as a whole is often termed ''mehter bölüğü'' ("''mehter'' company roop), ''mehter takımı'' ("''mehter'' platoon"). In West Europe, the band's music is also often called Janissary music because the janissaries formed the core of the bands. History Such military bands as the ''mehter''s, were not definitively mentioned until the 13th century. It is believed that the first "mehter" was sent to Osman I by the Seljuk Sultan Alaeddin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zurna
The zurna (Armenian: զուռնա zuṙna; Old Armenian: սուռնայ suṙnay; Albanian: surle/surla; Persian: karna/Kornay/surnay; Macedonian: зурла/сурла zurla/surla; Bulgarian: ''зурна/зурла''; Serbian: зурла/zurla; Syriac Aramaic: ܙܘܪܢܐ/zurna; Tat: zurna; Turkish: zurna; Kurdish: zirne; Greek : ζουρνας; Azeri: zurna) is a double reed wind instrument played in central Eurasia, Western Asia and parts of North Africa. It is usually accompanied by a davul (bass drum) in Armenian, Anatolian and Assyrian folk music. Characteristics and history The zurna, like the duduk and kaval, is a woodwind instrument used to play folk music. The zurna is made from the slow-growing and hardwood of fruit trees such as plum or apricot (''Prunus armeniaca''). There are several different types of zurnas. The longest (and lowest-pitched) is the kaba zurna, used in western Turkey and Bulgaria, the shortest (and highest-pitched), which can be made of bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zurla (instrument)
The zurna (Armenian: զուռնա zuṙna; Old Armenian: սուռնայ suṙnay; Albanian: surle/surla; Persian: karna/Kornay/surnay; Macedonian: зурла/сурла zurla/surla; Bulgarian: ''зурна/зурла''; Serbian: зурла/zurla; Syriac Aramaic: ܙܘܪܢܐ/zurna; Tat: zurna; Turkish: zurna; Kurdish: zirne; Greek : ζουρνας; Azeri: zurna) is a double reed wind instrument played in central Eurasia, Western Asia and parts of North Africa. It is usually accompanied by a davul (bass drum) in Armenian, Anatolian and Assyrian folk music. Characteristics and history The zurna, like the duduk and kaval, is a woodwind instrument used to play folk music. The zurna is made from the slow-growing and hardwood of fruit trees such as plum or apricot (''Prunus armeniaca''). There are several different types of zurnas. The longest (and lowest-pitched) is the kaba zurna, used in western Turkey and Bulgaria, the shortest (and highest-pitched), which can be made of bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janissary
A Janissary ( ota, یڭیچری, yeŋiçeri, , ) was a member of the elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops and the first modern standing army in Europe. The corps was most likely established under sultan Orhan (1324–1362), during the Viziership of Alaeddin. Janissaries began as elite corps made up through the devşirme system of child levy, by which Christian Albanians, Romanians, Armenians, Bulgarians, Croats, Greeks and Serbs were taken, levied, subjected to circumcision and conversion to Islam, and incorporated into the Ottoman army. They became famed for internal cohesion cemented by strict discipline and order. Unlike typical slaves, they were paid regular salaries. Forbidden to marry before the age of 40 or engage in trade, their complete loyalty to the Sultan was expected. By the seventeenth century, due to a dramatic increase in the size of the Ottoman standing army, the corps' initially strict recruitment policy was relaxed. Civil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walnut
A walnut is the edible seed of a drupe of any tree of the genus ''Juglans'' (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, '' Juglans regia''. Although culinarily considered a "nut" and used as such, it is not a true botanical nut. After full ripening, the shell is discarded and the kernel is eaten. Nuts of the eastern black walnut (''Juglans nigra'') and butternuts ('' Juglans cinerea'') are less commonly consumed. Characteristics Walnuts are rounded, single-seeded stone fruits of the walnut tree commonly used for food after fully ripening between September and November, in which the removal of the husk at this stage reveals a browning wrinkly walnut shell, which is usually commercially found in two segments (three or four-segment shells can also form). During the ripening process, the husk will become brittle and the shell hard. The shell encloses the kernel or meat, which is usually made up of two halves separated by a membranous partition. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamancheh
The kamancheh (also kamānche or kamāncha) ( fa, کمانچه, az, kamança, hy, Քամանչա, ku, کەمانچە ,kemançe) is an Iranian bowed string instrument used in Persian, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Kurdish, Georgian, Turkmen, and Uzbek music with slight variations in the structure of the instrument. The kamancheh is related to the rebab which is the historical ancestor of the kamancheh and the bowed Byzantine lyra. The strings are played with a variable-tension bow. In 2017, the art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/Kamancha was included into the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists of Azerbaijan and Iran. Name and etymology The word "kamancheh" means "little bow" in Persian (''kæman'', bow, and ''-cheh'', diminutive). The Turkish word kemençe is borrowed from Persian, with the pronunciation adapted to Turkish phonology. It also denotes a bowed string instrument, but the Turkish version differs significantly in structure and sound from the Pers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parkapzuk
The ''parkapzuk'' ( hy, Պարկապզուկ) is a droneless, horn-belled bagpipe played in Armenia. The double-chanters each have five or six finger-holes, but the chanters are tuned slightly apart, giving a " beat" as the soundwaves of each interfere, resulting in a penetrating tone. Researchers in 1996 and 1997 noted they recorded one of the last active pipers of that time. The Parkapzuk is made of sheep or lamb skin, which has been gutted and hardened. The size of the 'bag', depends on the player's comfortable size. The pipes are made of wood. Wood was the original material, preferably wood from an apricot tree, but today some of the pipes have been made of plastic, as it is cheaper and less difficult to make. Some sources indicate that the ''parkapzuk'' is single chantered, while others indicate it is double-chantered like the ''tulum Tulum (, yua, Tulu'um) is the site of a pre-Columbian Mayan walled city which served as a major port for Coba, in the Mexican state of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shvi
The shvi ( hy, շվի, "whistle", pronounced ''sh-vee'') is an Armenian fipple flute with a labium mouth piece. Commonly made of wood (apricot, boxwood, or ebony) or bamboo and up to in length, it typically has a range of an octave and a-half. The ''tav shvi'' is made from apricot wood, it is up to long, and is tuned 1/4 lower producing a more lyrical and intimate sound. The shvi is up to 12 inches in length and is made of reed, bark of willows, or walnut wood. It has 8 holes on the front, 7 of which are used while playing, and one thumbhole. One octave is obtained by blowing normally into the shvi and a second octave is attained by blowing with slightly more force (i.e., overblowing). The lower octave has a timbre similar to a recorder whereas the higher octave sounds similar to a piccolo or flute. 8-hole traditional flute. The shvi is played with the mouth. Typically, most Armenian duduk or zurna players learn the shvi before moving on to either instrument. See also * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sring
The sring ( hy, սրինգ, also transliterated as ) is a shepherd's flute originating in Armenia. Sring is also the common term for end-blown flutes in general. These flutes are made either of a stork bone, bamboo, wood from the apricot tree or cane and have or eight finger holes, producing a diatonic scale. The Armenian musicologist Komitas believed that the sring was the most characteristic among the Armenian instruments. Blul The ' instrument, which is similar in structure to the kaval The kaval is a chromatic end-blown flute traditionally played throughout the Balkans (in Albania, Romania, Bulgaria, Southern Serbia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Northern Greece, and elsewhere) and Anatolia (including Turkey and Armenia). The ..., is a particular variety of the sring family of flutes. It is often considered a modern evolution of the medieval sring, with the primary differences being the presence of ring-shaped zones, both ends being thickened, and the resulting sound bei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duduk
The duduk ( ; hy, դուդուկ ) or tsiranapogh ( hy, ծիրանափող, meaning “apricot-made wind instrument”), is an ancient Armenian double reed woodwind instrument made of apricot wood. It is indigenous to Armenia. Variations of the Armenian duduk appear throughout the Caucasus and the Middle East, including Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, Turkey, and Iran. Duduk, Balaban, and Mey are almost identical, except for historical and geographical differences. It is commonly played in pairs: while the first player plays the melody, the second plays a steady drone called ''dum'', and the sound of the two instruments together creates a richer, more haunting sound. The unflattened reed and cylindrical body produce a sound closer to the English horn than the oboe or bassoon. Unlike other double reed instruments like the oboe or shawm, the duduk has a very large reed proportional to its size. UNESCO proclaimed the Armenian duduk and its music as a Masterpiece of the Intang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
