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ChatGPT
ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November 2022. It is built on top of OpenAI's GPT-3 family of large language models, and is fine-tuned (an approach to transfer learning) with both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques. ChatGPT was launched as a prototype on November 30, 2022, and quickly garnered attention for its detailed responses and articulate answers across many domains of knowledge. Its uneven factual accuracy was identified as a significant drawback. Following the release of ChatGPT, OpenAI was valued at $29 billion. Training ChatGPT was fine-tuned on top of GPT-3.5 using supervised learning as well as reinforcement learning. Both approaches used human trainers to improve the model's performance. In the case of supervised learning, the model was provided with conversations in which the trainers played both sides: the user and the AI assistant. In the reinforcement step, human trainers first ranked responses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gemini (chatbot)
Gemini, formerly known as Bard, is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by Google. Based on the large language model (LLM) Gemini (language model), of the same name and developed as a direct response to the meteoric rise of OpenAI's ChatGPT, it was launched in a limited capacity in March 2023 before expanding to other countries in May. It was previously based on PaLM, and initially the LaMDA family of large language models. LaMDA had been developed and announced in 2021, but it was not released to the public out of an abundance of caution. OpenAI's launch of ChatGPT in November 2022 and its subsequent popularity caught Google executives off-guard and sent them into a panic, prompting a sweeping response in the ensuing months. After mobilizing its workforce, the company launched Bard in February 2023, which took center stage during the 2023 Google I/O keynote in May and was upgraded to the Gemini LLM in December. Bard and Duet AI were unified under the Gemini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generative Artificial Intelligence
Generative artificial intelligence (generative AI, GenAI, or GAI) is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses generative models to produce text, images, videos, or other forms of data. These models machine learning, learn the underlying patterns and structures of their training data set, training data and use them to produce new data based on the input, which often comes in the form of natural language Prompt (natural language), prompts. Improvements in transformer (machine learning model), transformer-based deep learning, deep neural networks, particularly large language model, large language models (LLMs), enabled an AI boom of generative AI systems in the early 2020s. These include chatbots such as ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot, Copilot, Gemini (chatbot), Gemini, and LLaMA; text-to-image artificial intelligence art, artificial intelligence image generation systems such as Stable Diffusion, Midjourney, and DALL-E; and Text-to-video model, text-to-video AI generators such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GPT-4o Mini
GPT-4o ("o" for "omni") is a multilingual, multimodal generative pre-trained transformer developed by OpenAI and released in May 2024. GPT-4o is free, but with a usage limit that is five times higher for ChatGPT Plus subscribers. It can process and generate text, images and audio. Its application programming interface (API) is twice as fast and half the price of its predecessor, GPT-4 Turbo. Background Multiple versions of GPT-4o were originally secretly launched under different names on Large Model Systems Organization's (LMSYS) Chatbot Arena as three different models. These three models were called gpt2-chatbot, im-a-good-gpt2-chatbot, and im-also-a-good-gpt2-chatbot. On 7 May 2024, Sam Altman tweeted "im-a-good-gpt2-chatbot", which was commonly interpreted as a confirmation that these were new OpenAI models being A/B tested. Capabilities GPT-4o achieved state-of-the-art results in voice, multilingual, and vision benchmarks, setting new records in audio speech recognit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech recognition, computer vision, translation between (natural) languages, as well as other mappings of inputs. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' of Oxford University Press defines artificial intelligence as: the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. AI applications include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google), recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon and Netflix), understanding human speech (such as Siri and Alexa), self-driving cars (e.g., Tesla), automated decision-making and competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (such as chess and Go). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GPT-4
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a multimodal large language model created by OpenAI and the fourth in its GPT series. It was released on March 14, 2023, and has been made publicly available in a limited form via ChatGPT Plus, with access to its commercial API being provided via a waitlist. As a transformer, GPT-4 was pretrained to predict the next token (using both public data and "data licensed from third-party providers"), and was then fine-tuned with reinforcement learning from human and AI feedback for human alignment and policy compliance. Observers reported the GPT-4 based version of ChatGPT to be an improvement on the previous (GPT-3.5 based) ChatGPT, with the caveat that GPT-4 retains some of the same problems. Unlike the predecessors, GPT-4 can take images as well as text as input. OpenAI has declined to reveal technical information such as the size of the GPT-4 model. Background OpenAI published their first paper on GPT in 2018, called "Improv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenAI
OpenAI is an artificial intelligence (AI) research laboratory consisting of the for-profit corporation OpenAI LP and its parent company, the non-profit OpenAI Inc. The company conducts research in the field of AI with the stated goal of promoting and developing friendly AI in a way that benefits humanity as a whole. The organization was founded in San Francisco in late 2015 by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, and others, who collectively pledged US$1 billion. Musk resigned from the board in February 2018 but remained a donor. In 2019, OpenAI LP received a 1 billion investment from Microsoft. OpenAI is headquartered at the Pioneer Building in Mission District, San Francisco. History In December 2015, Sam Altman, Elon Musk, Greg Brockman, Reid Hoffman, Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Infosys, and YC Research announced the formation of OpenAI and pledged over 1 billion to the venture. The organization stated it would "freely collabora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernie Bot
Ernie Bot ( zh, c=文心一言, Pinyin: ), full name Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration, is an AI chatbot service product of Baidu, released in 2023. It is built on a large language model called ERNIE, which has been in development since 2019. The latest version, ERNIE 4.0, was announced on October 17, 2023. History Ernie Bot was initially released for invited testing on March 16, 2023, based on "Ernie 3.0", a large language model that had been in development since 2019. Ernie's so-called live release demo was reported to have been prerecorded, which caused Baidu's stock to drop 10 percent the same day. The company's stock gained 14 percent on the next day after analysts from Citigroup and Bank of America tested Ernie Bot and gave it a preliminary thumbs-up. Ernie Bot was released to the public after receiving the green light from Chinese regulatory authorities on August 31, 2023. "Ernie 3.0", the language model, was trained with 10 billion parameters on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AI Boom
The AI boom, or AI spring, is the ongoing period of rapid progress in the field of artificial intelligence. Prominent examples include protein folding prediction and generative AI, led by laboratories including Google DeepMind and OpenAI. The AI boom is expected to have a profound cultural, philosophical, religious, economic, and social impact, as questions such as AI alignment, '' qualia'', and the development of artificial general intelligence became widely prominent topics of popular discussion. History In 2012, a University of Toronto research team used artificial neural networks and deep learning techniques to lower their error rate below 25% for the first time during the ImageNet challenge for object recognition in computer vision. The event catalyzed the AI boom later in that decade, when many alumni of the ImageNet challenge became leaders in the tech industry. The generative AI race began in earnest in 2016 or 2017 following the founding of OpenAI and earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SearchGPT
SearchGPT is a search engine developed by OpenAI. It combines traditional search engine features with generative pretrained transformers (GPT) to generate responses, including citations to external websites. History On July 25, 2024, SearchGPT was first introduced as a prototype in a limited release to 10,000 test users. This search feature positioned OpenAI as a direct competitor to major search engines, notably Google, Perplexity AI and Bing. OpenAI announced its partnership with publishers for SearchGPT, providing them with options on how their content appears in the search results and ensuring the promotion of trusted sources. On October 31, 2024, OpenAI launched SearchGPT to ChatGPT Plus and Team subscribers, and it was made available to free users in December 2024. OpenAI ultimately incorporated the search features into ChatGPT ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November 2022. It is built on top of OpenAI's GPT-3 family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude (language Model)
Claude is a family of large language models developed by Anthropic. The first model was released in March 2023. Claude 3, released in March 2024, can also analyze images. Training Claude models are generative pre-trained transformers. They have been pre-trained to predict the next word in large amounts of text. Claude models have then been fine-tuned with Constitutional AI with the aim of making them helpful, honest, and harmless. Constitutional AI Constitutional AI is an approach developed by Anthropic for training AI systems, particularly language models like Claude, to be harmless and helpful without relying on extensive human feedback. The method, detailed in the paper "Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback" involves two phases: supervised learning and reinforcement learning. In the supervised learning phase, the model generates responses to prompts, self-critiques these responses based on a set of guiding principles (a "constitution"), and revises the res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Language Model
A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of natural language processing research away from the previous paradigm of training specialized supervised models for specific tasks. Properties Though the term ''large language model'' has no formal definition, it often refers to deep learning models having a parameter count on the order of billions or more. LLMs are general purpose models which excel at a wide range of tasks, as opposed to being trained for one specific task (such as sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or mathematical reasoning). The skill with which they accomplish tasks, and the range of tasks at which they are capable, seems to be a function of the amount of resources (data, parameter-si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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