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CAMM (memory Module)
Compression Attached Memory Module (CAMM) is a memory module form factor which uses a land grid array, and developed at Dell by engineer Tom Schnell as a replacement for DIMMs and DIMM#SO-DIMM, SO-DIMMs which use edge connectors and had been in use for about 25 years. The first SO-DIMMs were introduced by JEDEC in 1997. CAMM was created to overcome technical limitations of traditional edge connector, slotted DIMM. The CAMM module allows for shorter traces on the motherboard PCB as compared to SO-DIMM, allowing the memory to be run with less power and at higher speeds. The memory module is pressed and held in place against a bar with land grid array pin contacts which connect to the motherboard. Advantages of CAMM include lower thickness, allows for replaceable LPDDR modules, faster speeds above 6400MT/s, higher capacities up to 128GB per module and higher memory bandwidth. Disadvantages are that it cannot be mounted without tools and uses screws. Systems with CAMM memory already ...
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Memory Module
In computing, a memory module or RAM stick is a printed circuit board on which Computer memory, memory integrated circuits are mounted. Memory modules permit easy installation and replacement in electronic systems, especially computers such as personal computers, workstations, and Server (computing), servers. The first memory modules were proprietary designs that were specific to a model of computer from a specific manufacturer. Later, memory modules were standardized by organizations such as JEDEC and could be used in any system designed to use them. Distinguishing characteristics of computer memory modules include voltage, capacity, speed (i.e., bit rate), and computer form factor, form factor. Overview Types of memory module include: * TransFlash Memory Module * SIMM, a single in-line memory module * DIMM, dual in-line memory module ** Rambus memory modules are a subset of DIMMs, but are normally referred to as RIMMs ** SO-DIMM, small outline DIMM, a smaller version of the ...
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DDR5 SDRAM
Double Data Rate 5 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR5 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory. Compared to its predecessor DDR4 SDRAM, DDR5 was planned to reduce power consumption, while doubling bandwidth. The standard, originally targeted for 2018, was released on July 14, 2020. A new feature called Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE) enables input/output (I/O) speed scalability for higher bandwidth and performance improvement. DDR5 has about the same latency as DDR4 and DDR3. DDR5 octuples the maximum DIMM capacity from 64 GB to 512 GB. DDR5 also has higher frequencies than DDR4, up to 9600 MT/s is currently possible, 8200 MT/s translates into around 66 GB/s of bandwidth. Using liquid nitrogen 13000 MT/s speeds were achieved. Rambus announced a working DDR5 dual in-line memory module (DIMM) in September 2017. On November 15, 2018, SK Hynix announced completion of its first DDR5 RAM chip; running at 5.2  GT/s at 1.1 V ...
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Computer Memory Form Factor
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (''computation''). Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as ''programs'', which enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term computer system may refer to a nominally complete computer that includes the hardware, operating system, software, and peripheral equipment needed and used for full operation; or to a group of computers that are linked and function together, such as a computer network or computer cluster. A broad range of industrial and consumer products use computers as control systems, including simple special-purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, and factory devices like industrial robots. Computers are at the core of general-purpose devices such as personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones. Computers power the Internet, which links billions of computer ...
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Gigabyte Technology
GIGA-BYTE Technology Co., Ltd. (commonly referred to as Gigabyte Technology or simply Gigabyte) is a Taiwanese manufacturer and distributor of computer hardware. Gigabyte's principal business is motherboards, It shipped 4.8 million motherboards in the first quarter of 2015, which allowed it to become the leading motherboard vendor. Gigabyte also manufactures custom Video card, graphics cards and laptop computers (including thin and light laptops under its ''Aero'' sub-brand). In 2010, Gigabyte was ranked 17th in "Taiwan's Top 20 Global Brands" by the TAITRA, Taiwan External Trade Development Council. The company is publicly held and traded on the Taiwan Stock Exchange, stock ID number . History Gigabyte Technology was established in 1986 by Pei-Cheng Yeh. One of Gigabyte's key advertised features on its motherboards is its "Ultra Durable" construction, advertised with "all solid capacitors". On 8 August 2006 Gigabyte announced a joint venture with Asus. Gigabyte developed the w ...
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Micro-Star International
Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. (commonly known as MSI; ) is a Taiwanese multinational corporation, multinational information technology corporation headquartered in New Taipei City, Taiwan. It designs, develops and provides computer hardware as well as related products and services, including laptops, desktops, motherboards, graphics cards, all-in-one PCs, server (computing), servers, industrial computers, PC peripherals, and car infotainment products, among other products. The company has a primary listing on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and was established on August 4, 1986, by five founders – Hsu Hsiang (a.k.a. Joseph Hsu), Huang Chin-Ching (a.k.a. Jeans Huang), Lin Wen-Tung (a.k.a. Frank Lin), Yu Hsien-Neng (a.k.a. Kenny Yu), and Lu Chi-Lung (a.k.a. Henry Lu). Operations First starting its business in New Taipei City, Taiwan, MSI later expanded into Mainland China, China, setting up its Bao'an District, Bao'an plant in Shenzhen in 2000 and establishing research and deve ...
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ThinkPad P Series
The ThinkPad P series line of workstation laptop computers produced by Lenovo as part of the ThinkPad product family. Originally introduced in 2015 as a successor to the previous ThinkPad W series, the P series are the most advanced ThinkPad products offered by Lenovo. Overview With 15.6" and 17.3" (later 16" only) screens, the ThinkPad P series saw the reintroduction of physically large laptops into the ThinkPad line. Marketed largely as portable workstations, many P series laptops can be configured with high-end mobile workstation-class Intel processors as well as error correction code (ECC) memory (only with Xeon and select Core HX processors) and a discrete Nvidia Quadro GPU. The P series offers independent software vendor (ISV) certifications from software vendors such as Adobe and Autodesk for various computer-aided design (CAD) software. All 16" models have a standard 6-row ThinkPad Precision Keyboard (with Numeric Keypad and optional backlight), TrackPoint and touc ...
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JEDEC
The Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC) Solid State Technology Association is a consortium of the semiconductor industry headquartered in Arlington County, Virginia, Arlington, United States. It has over 300 members and is focused on standardization of part numbers, defining an electrostatic discharge (ESD) standard, and leadership in the RoHS, lead-free manufacturing transition. The origin of JEDEC traces back to 1944, when Radio Manufacturers Association, RMA (subsequently renamed Electronic Industries Alliance , EIA) and National Electrical Manufacturers Association, NEMA established the Joint Electron Tube Engineering Council (JETEC) to coordinate vacuum tube type list of vacuum tubes, numberings. In 1958, with the advent of semiconductor technology, the joint JETEC-activity of Electronic Industries Association, EIA and NEMA was renamed into Joint Electron Device Engineering Council. NEMA discontinued its involvement in 1979. In the fall of 1999, JEDEC became ...
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ADATA
ADATA Technology Co., Ltd. ( zh, t=威剛科技股份有限公司, p=Wēigāng Kējì Gǔfènyǒuxiàngōngsī) is a Taiwanese fabless hardware manufacturer, founded in May 2001 by Simon Chen (). Its main product line consists of DRAM modules, USB flash drives, hard disk drives, solid state drives, memory cards and mobile accessories. ADATA is also expanding into new areas, including robotics and electric powertrain systems. In addition to its main ADATA brand, the company also sells PC gaming hardware and accessories under its XPG ("Xtreme Performance Gear") brand since 2008. In 2016, ADATA was the second-largest DRAM module manufacturer in the world by revenue and had a market capitalization of US$680 million. In recent years, ADATA has extended its business to Europe and the Americas, while competing strongly with Samsung in Asia. Product lines Consumer * DRAM modules for desktop and notebook PCs * Solid-state drives * External storage (HDDs, SSD A solid-state ...
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Dell Precision
Dell Precision is a line of computer workstations for computer-aided design/architecture/computer graphics professionals . They are available in both desktop (tower) and mobile (laptop) forms. Dell touts their Precision Mobile Workstations are "optimized for performance, reliability and user experience." Although the official introduction of the Precision line was in 1997 (with the first systems shipping in 1998), there were some systems released under the Precision name as early as 1992. Examples include the Precision 386SX/25 in 1992 and the Precision 433i in 1993. In January 2025, Dell announced its intentions to gradually phase their computer line brands in favor of a singular brand simply named as "Dell" as part of the company's preparation for their new PCs. The Precision line is therefore being rebranded as ''Dell Pro Max''. Desktop workstations Early systems Single processor Single processor, All-In-One form factor Dual processor, desktop form factor D ...
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Land Grid Array
The land grid array (LGA) is a type of surface-mount packaging for integrated circuits (ICs) that is notable for having the pins on the socket (when a socket is used) — as opposed to pins on the integrated circuit, known as a '' pin grid array'' (PGA). An LGA can be electrically connected to a printed circuit board (PCB) either by the use of a socket or by soldering directly to the board. Description The ''land grid array'' is a packaging technology with a grid of contacts, 'lands', on the underside of a package. The contacts are to be connected to a grid of contacts on the PCB. Not all rows and columns of the grid need to be used. The contacts can either be connected by using an LGA socket, or by surface-mount soldering using solder paste. The grid elements found in use can be e.g. circular, triangular or other polygonal shapes and might have even different sizes. Grids might sometimes appear like honey comb patterns. Designs are often optimized for factors like contact likelin ...
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