Bretha Crólige

	Bretha Crólige ''Bretha Crólige'' (Old Irish for "Judgements on Blood-lyings") is an early Irish legal tract on the law of illegal injury and the institution of "sick-maintenance". It is the 33rd text in the ''Senchas Már''. It directly precedes '' Bretha Déin Chécht'', a sister-tract on illegal injury. Manuscripts A single manuscript preserves ''Bretha Crólige'' (National Library of Ireland MS G 11), alongside three other texts from the final third of the ''Senchas Már''. D. A. Binchy produced an edition of this copy, with translation and commentary, in 1938. Binchy calls this manuscript a "remarkably good copy". Other manuscripts contain fragments of the text or commentaries on it. On the basis of some internal inconsistencies, Rudolf Thurneysen suggested the existing text of ''Bretha Crólige'' was the composite of two separate texts. Binchy rejected this hypothesis. Contents ''Bretha Crólige'' deals with the law of illegal injury and the institution of "sick-maintenance" in early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Old Irish Old Irish, also called Old Gaelic (, Ogham, Ogham script: ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ; ; ; or ), is the oldest form of the Goidelic languages, Goidelic/Gaelic language for which there are extensive written texts. It was used from 600 to 900. The main contemporary texts are dated 700–850; by 900 the language had already transitioned into early Middle Irish. Some Old Irish texts date from the 10th century, although these are presumably copies of texts written at an earlier time. Old Irish is forebear to Modern Irish, Manx language, Manx and Scottish Gaelic. Old Irish is known for having a particularly complex system of morphology (linguistics), morphology and especially of allomorphy (more or less unpredictable variations in stems and suffixes in differing circumstances), as well as a complex phonology, sound system involving grammatically significant Irish initial mutations, consonant mutations to the initial consonant of a word. Apparently,It is difficult to know for sure, giv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Early Irish Legal Early Irish law, also called Brehon law (from the old Irish word breithim meaning judge), comprised the statutes which governed everyday life in Early Medieval Ireland. They were partially eclipsed by the Norman invasion of 1169, but underwent a resurgence from the 13th until the 17th century, over the majority of the island, and survived into Early Modern Ireland in parallel with English law. Early Irish law was often mixed with Christian influence and juristic innovation. These secular laws existed in parallel, and occasionally in conflict, with canon law throughout the early Christian period. The laws were a civil rather than a criminal code, concerned with the payment of compensation for harm done and the regulation of property, inheritance and contracts; the concept of state-administered punishment for crime was foreign to Ireland's early jurists. They show Ireland in the early medieval period to have been a hierarchical society, taking great care to define social status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Senchas Már ''Senchas Már'' (Old Irish for "Great Tradition") is the largest collection of early Irish legal texts, compiled into a single group sometime in the 8th century, though individual tracts vary in date. These tracts were almost certainly written by a variety of authors, though some suggest that certain authors wrote more than one of the included tracts. The collection was apparently made somewhere in the north midlands. The ''Senchas Már'' tracts have been subjected to the greatest amount of glossing and commentary in later manuscripts. Moreover, one of the few examples of Old Irish glossing has been given to the various texts of ''Senchas Már''. These glosses were apparently made in Munster. The text has been arranged into thirds; three was apparently an important number to the Irish. A number of laws were grouped into threes, called ''triads''—a practice also common in the Welsh. One scholar has recently suggested that there were a number of groups of six including one sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bretha Déin Chécht ''Bretha Déin Chécht'' (Old Irish for "Judgments of Dian Cécht") is an early Irish legal text on the law of illegal injury, detailing the fines due to the injured in a great multitude of cases. The title attributes it to the mythological physician Dian Cecht. It is the 34th text of the ''Senchas Már''. It directly follows ''Bretha Crólige'', a sister-tract on illegal injury. Manuscripts A single manuscript preserves the complete text of ''Bretha Déin Chécht'' (National Library of Ireland MS G 11), alongside three other texts from the final third of the ''Senchas Már''. D. A. Binchy edited this copy of the ''Bretha Déin Chécht'', with translation and commentary, in 1966. A number of excerpts and commentaries on it have also survived, though fewer than have survived of ''Bretha Crólige''. A purported quote from ''Bretha Déin Chécht'' in ''Bretha Étgid'' is probably a later invention. Contents ''Bretha Déin Chécht'' is the 34th text of the collection of legal texts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]