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Bidoon
The Bedoon or Bidoon (), fully Bidoon jinsiya, are stateless people in several Middle Eastern countries, but particularly in Kuwait, where there is a large population of stateless people who lack access to many of the country's basic services. It is widely believed that the Bedoon issue in Kuwait is sectarian in nature. Kuwait History Kuwait has the largest stateless population in the entire region. Most stateless Bedoon of Kuwait belong to the northern tribes, especially the Al-Muntafiq tribal confederation. The linguist Bruce Ingham studied the northern tribes in Kuwait in the mid 20th century. A minority of stateless Bedoon in Kuwait belong to the 'Ajam community. Under the terms of Article 4 of the Kuwait Nationality Law, the Bedoon in Kuwait are eligible for Kuwaiti nationality by naturalization. In practice, it is widely believed that Sunnis of Persian descent or tribal Saudis can readily achieve Kuwaiti naturalization whilst Bedoon of Iraqi tribal ancestry cannot. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statelessness
In international law, a stateless person is someone who is "not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law". Some stateless people are also refugees. However, not all refugees are stateless, and many people who are stateless have never crossed an international border. At the end of 2022, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees published an estimation of 4.4 million people worldwide as either stateless or of undetermined nationality, 90,800 (+2%) more than at the end of 2021. However, the data itself is not complete because UNHCR does not have data from many countries, such as from at least 22 countries where mass statelessness exists. The data also does not include de facto stateless people who have no legal identification to prove their nationality or legal existence. According to the World Bank, at least 850 million fit that category. Given that the legal concept of nationality prevails in practice, completely undocumented people fit the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuwaiti Nationality Law
The Kuwaiti nationality law is the legal pathway for non-nationals to become citizens of the State of Kuwait. The Kuwaiti nationality law is based on a wide range of decrees; first passed in 1920 and then in 1959 and 1960. A number of amendments have been made over the years. Since the 1960s, the implementation of the nationality law has been very arbitrary and lacks transparency. The lack of transparency prevents non-nationals from obtaining citizenship. History of naturalization in Kuwait The State of Kuwait has an official Nationality Law which grants non-nationals a legal pathway to obtain citizenship. However, access to citizenship in Kuwait is autocratically controlled by the Al Sabah ruling family, it is not subject to any external regulatory supervision. The implementation of the Nationality Law is arbitrary and lacks transparency. The lack of transparency prevents non-nationals from receiving a fair opportunity to obtain citizenship. Consequently, the Al Sabah ruling f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mona Kareem
Mona Kareem (; born 1987) is an Arab-American writer, translator, and literary scholar, as well as an advocate for migrant rights. Born in Kuwait to a stateless, or Bedoon, family, the theme of statelessness is prevalent in her literary work. Education and career Due to Kareem's stateless legal status, she could not attend a public university. Her academic history and poetic prowess earned her a scholarship from a charitable family in Kuwait. Kareem studied at the American University of Kuwait. Kareem received a scholarship from Binghamton University in 2011. She moved to the US and obtained a doctoral degree in Comparative Literature. Her thesis, entitled "Good Mothers, Bad Sisters: Arab Women Writers in the Nation,” explored subalternity in the Arab literary scene. Kareem worked as a lecturer at Binghamton University and at the University of Maryland and held fellowships from Poetry International, Arab American National Museum, BANFF Centre, National Centre for Writing, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saudis
Saudis (; local dialects: , suʿūdiyyīn) or Saudi Arabians are the citizen population of the Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who speak the Arabic language, a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language, and share a common Ancestor, ancestry, history, and culture. They are mainly composed of Arabs and live in the five historical Regions: Najd, Hejaz, Asir, Tihamah and Al-Ahsa Oasis, Al-Ahsa; the regions which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded on or what was formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd in the Arabian Peninsula. Saudis speak one of the dialects of Peninsular Arabic, including the Hejazi Arabic, Hejazi, Najdi Arabic, Najdi, Gulf Arabic, Gulf and Southern Arabic dialects (which includes Bareqi Arabic, Bareqi), as a mother tongue. Culture The cultural setting of Saudi Arabia is Arab and Islam, and is often religious, conservative, traditional, and family oriented. Alcoholic beverages are prohibited, for example, however things are slowly chang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
'Ajam Of Kuwait
The Ajam of Kuwait (), also known as Persian Kuwaitis, are Kuwaiti citizens of Iranian peoples, Iranian descent. The majority of Shia Islam in Kuwait, Shia Kuwaiti citizens are of Iranian descent, although there are Ajam Kuwaitis who are Islam in Iran#Sunni minority, Sunni. In the pre-oil era, the term "Ajam" (عجم) pertained to both Achomi people, Sunni and Shia Islam, Shia families of Iranian descent in Kuwait. In the 20th century, the term "Ajam" became synonymous with Shia families; which can be partly attributed to the politicization of Sectarianism, sectarian identities following the 1979 Iranian revolution. Ethnic composition The Ajam community of Kuwait originate from different Ethnicities in Iran, Iranian ethnic groups including: * Lurs: from Lorestan province and Bushehr province, Bushehr (particularly Ganaveh County). * Persians * Iranian Azerbaijanis * Achomi people, Achomis: such Al-Kandari () and Evaz, Al-Awadhi () clans of Achomi people, Larestani ancestry. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia and the geopolitical region known as the Middle East. It is situated in the northern edge of the Arabian Peninsula at the head of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Kuwait border, the north and Saudi Arabia to Kuwait–Saudi Arabia border, the south. With a coastline of approximately , Kuwait also shares a maritime border with Iran, across the Persian Gulf. Kuwait is a city-state, most of the country's population reside in the urban area, urban agglomeration of Kuwait City, the capital and largest city. , Kuwait has a population of 4.82 million, of which 1.53 million are Kuwaiti nationality law, Kuwaiti citizens while the remaining 3.29 million are Expatriates in Kuwait, foreign nationals from over 100 countries. Kuwait has the world's third List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population, largest number of foreign nationals as a percentage of the population, where its citizens make up less th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Driving Licence
A driver's license, driving licence, or driving permit is a legal authorization, or the official document confirming such an authorization, for a specific individual to operate one or more types of motorized vehicles—such as motorcycles, cars, trucks, or buses—on a public road. Such licenses are often plastic and the ISO/IEC 7810#ID-1, size of a credit card. In most international agreements, the wording "driving permit" is used, for instance in the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic. In American English, the terms "driver license" or "driver's license" are used. In Australian English, Canadian English and New Zealand English, the terms "driver licence" or "driver's licence" are used while in British English the term is "driving licence". In some countries the term "driving license" is used. The laws relating to the licensing of drivers vary between jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, a permit is issued after the recipient has passed a driving test, while in others a perso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marriage Certificate
A marriage certificate (colloquially marriage lines) is an official statement that two people are married. In most jurisdictions, a marriage certificate is issued by a government official only after the civil registration of the marriage. In some jurisdictions, especially in the United States, a marriage certificate is the official record that two people have undertaken a marriage ceremony. This includes jurisdictions where marriage licenses do not exist. In other jurisdictions, a marriage license serves a dual purpose of granting permission for a marriage to take place and then endorsing the same document to record the fact that the marriage has been performed. A marriage certificate may be required for a number of reasons. It may be required as evidence of change of a party's name, on issues of legitimacy of a child, during divorce proceedings, or as part of a genealogical history, besides other purposes. Australia Though marriage in Australia is regulated under federal l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Identity Card
An identity document (abbreviated as ID) is a documentation, document proving a person's Identity (social science), identity. If the identity document is a plastic card it is called an ''identity card'' (abbreviated as ''IC'' or ''ID card''). When the identity document incorporates a photographic portrait, it is called a ''Photo identification, photo ID''. In some countries, identity documents may be List of national identity card policies by country#Countries with compulsory identity cards, compulsory to have. The identity document is used to connect a person to information about the person, often in a database. The connection between the identity document and database is based on personal information present on the document, such as the bearer's full name, birth date, Address (geography), address, an identification number, card number, gender, citizenship and more. A unique national identification number is the most secure way, but some countries lack such numbers or do not s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Death Certificate
A death certificate is either a legal document issued by a medical practitioner which states when a person died, or a document issued by a government civil registration office, that declares the date, location and cause of a person's death, as entered in an official register of deaths. An official death certificate is usually required to be provided when applying for probate or administration of a deceased estate. They are also sought for genealogical research. The government registration office would usually be required to provide details of deaths, without production of a death certificate, to enable government agencies to update their records, such as electoral registers, government benefits paid, passport records, transfer the inheritance, etc. Nature of a certificate Before issuing a death certificate, the authorities usually require a certificate from a physician or coroner to validate the cause of death and the identity of the deceased. In cases where it is not comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1983 Kuwait Bombings
1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning of the true Internet). * January 6 – Pope John Paul II appoints a bishop over the Czechoslovak exile community, which the '' Rudé právo'' newspaper calls a "provocation." This begins a year-long disagreement between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Vatican, leading to the eventual restoration of diplomatic relations between the two states. * January 14 – The head of Bangladesh's military dictatorship, Hussain Muhammad Ershad, announces his intentions to "turn Bangladesh into an Islamic state." * January 18 – U.S. Secretary of the Interior James G. Watt makes controversial remarks blaming poor living conditions on Native American reservations on "the failures of socialism." Watt will eventually resign in September after a seri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Headquartered in New York City, the group investigates and reports on issues including War crime, war crimes, crimes against humanity, Child labour, child labor, torture, human trafficking, and Women's rights, women's and LGBTQ rights. It pressures governments, policymakers, companies, and individual abusers to respect human rights, and frequently works on behalf of refugees, children, migrants, and political prisoners. The organization was founded in 1978 as Helsinki Watch, whose purpose was to monitor the Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 Helsinki Accords. Its separate global divisions merged into Human Rights Watch in 1988. The group publishes annual reports on about 100 countries with the goal of providing an overview of the worldwide state of human rights. In 1997, HRW shared the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
