Benátky (Hradec Králové District)
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Benátky (Hradec Králové District)
Benátky is a municipality and village in Hradec Králové District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. Etymology Benátky is the Czech exonym for Venice. Several settlements in Bohemia founded near rivers and on wet marshy places were named this way, which is also the case of this settlement. Geography Benátky is located about northwest of Hradec Králové. It lies in a flat agricultural landscape in the East Elbe Table. The Bystřice River flows along the western municipal border. History The first written mention of Benátky is from 1241, when it became property of the Teutonic Order. Then the village was owned by the Opatovice Monastery. After the monastery was burned down in 1421 by the Hussites, Benátky was held by various noble families and often changed owners. In 1493–1547, Benátky was owned by the Pernštejn family. In 1547, the village was bought by the Trčka of Lípa family, who annexed it to the Smiřice estate. ...
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Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ...
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East Elbe Table
The East Elbe Table () is a plateau and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the Hradec Králové, Pardubice and Central Bohemian region. The Elbe River flows through the territory, after which the plateau is named. Geomorphology The East Elbe Table is a mesoregion of the East Bohemian Table within the Bohemian Massif. The landscape has a character of a flat upland with river terraces and valley floodplains. The plateau is further subdivided into the microregions of Cidlina Table, Chlumec Table and Pardubice Valley. Due to the nature of the plateau, there are no significant peaks. The highest hills are Na šancích at above sea level, Chlum at , Chloumek at and Svíb at . All the highest hills are situated in the northeastern part of the plateau. Geography The territory has a relatively regular rectangular shape with outcrops in the southwest and southeast. The plateau has an area of and an average elevation of . It is located mostly in the ...
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Battle Of Königgrätz
The Battle of Königgrätz (or Sadowa) was the decisive battle of the Austro-Prussian War in which the Kingdom of Prussia defeated the Austrian Empire. It took place on 3 July 1866, near the Bohemian city of Hradec Králové (German: Königgrätz) and village of Sadová, now in the Czech Republic. It was the single largest battle of the war, and the largest battle in the world since the Battle of Leipzig in 1813. Prussian forces totaled around 285,000 troops. Superior training, tactical doctrine and the Dreyse needle gun were instrumental in the victory. Prussian artillery was ineffective and almost all of the fighting on the Prussian side was done by the First Army under Prince Friedrich Karl and one division from the Second Army. The Prussian 7th Infantry Division and 1st Guards Infantry Division attacked and destroyed 38 out of 49 infantry battalions of four Austrian corps at the Swiepwald and Chlum at the centre of the battlefield. The Austrian army was forced to retre ...
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Wayside Shrine
A wayside shrine is a religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway, sometimes in a settlement or at a crossroads, but often in the middle of an empty stretch of country road, or at the top of a hill or mountain. They have been a feature of many cultures, including Chinese folk religious communities, Catholic and Orthodox Europe and some Asian regions. The origins of wayside shrines Wayside shrines were often erected to honor the memory of the victim of an accident, which explains their prevalence near roads and paths; in Carinthia (state), Carinthia, for example, they often stand at crossroads. Some commemorate a specific incident near the place; either a death in an accident or escape from harm. Other icons commemorate the victims of the Plague (disease), plague. The very grand medieval English Eleanor crosses were erected by her husband to commemorate the nightly resting places of the journey made by the body of Queen Eleanor of Castile ...
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Smiřice
Smiřice (; ) is a town in Hradec Králové District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,100 inhabitants. Administrative division Smiřice consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Smiřice (2,590) *Rodov (192) *Trotina (14) Geography Smiřice is located about north of Hradec Králové. It lies in an agricultural landscape of the East Elbe Table. The highest point is the flat hill Lískovec at above sea level. The town is situated on the right bank of the Elbe River. History The first written mention of Smiřice is from 1361. It was originally a settlement between two branches of the Elbe with a fortress, which was later rebuilt to a castle. Smiřice was the centre of a large estate owned by various noble families, most notably by the Smiřickýs of Smiřice (until 1476), the Trčkas of Lípa (1498–1636) and the Sternbergs (1685–1780). In 1659, the village was promoted to a town. Demographics ...
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Pernštejn Family
The House of Pernštejn () was one of the oldest and most important (uradel) families originating from Moravian nobility, along with the House of Rosenberg, that played an important role in the medieval history of Bohemian nobility from the 13th century until its extinction in the first half of the 17th century. History The first mentioned member of House of Pernštejn was Medlov (Brno-Country District)#History, Stephen I, Lord of Medlov, who lived in the 13th century and was first doucumented in a deed from 1203. His descendants took their name after their first main seat – the Pernštejn Castle. Throughout history, Pernštejns held some of the most prestigious offices in both Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia. Four members of the House of Pernštejn were appointed to the position of Hetman#Hetmans of Bohemia, Romania, and Moldavia, Land Hejtman of Moravia at various times. Their power peaked in the 16th century during the life of Vilém II of Pernštejn and his s ...
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Hussites
upright=1.2, Battle between Hussites (left) and Crusades#Campaigns against heretics and schismatics, Catholic crusaders in the 15th century upright=1.2, The Lands of the Bohemian Crown during the Hussite Wars. The movement began during the Prague.html" ;"title="Renaissance in Prague">Renaissance in Prague and quickly spread south and then through the rest of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Eventually, it expanded into the remaining domains of the Bohemian Crown as well. The Hussites (Czech: ''Husité'' or ''Kališníci'', "Chalice People"; Latin: ''Hussitae'') were a Czech Proto-Protestantism, proto-Protestant Christian movement influenced by both the Byzantine Rite and John Wycliffe that followed the teachings of reformer Jan Hus (fl. 1401–1415), a part of the Bohemian Reformation. The Czech lands had originally been Christianized by Byzantine Greek missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius, who introduced the Byzantine Rite in the Old Church Slavonic liturgical language and the B ...
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Opatovice Nad Labem
Opatovice nad Labem is a municipality and village in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. Administrative division Opatovice nad Labem consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Opatovice nad Labem (2,195) *Pohřebačka (591) Etymology The name Opatovice is derived from the Czech word ''opatství'', i.e. 'abbey'. It indicated a village in the vicinity of the monastery that was founded here. Geography Opatovice nad Labem is located about north of Pardubice and south of Hradec Králové. It lies in a flat landscape of the East Elbe Table lowland. It is situated on the right bank of the Elbe River. There are several flooded quarries used for recreational purposes. The largest of them is Opaťák in the northern part of the municipality. The Opatovice Canal flows through the village. It was built in the 15th century to supply the large pond system and is a cultural technical mon ...
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Teutonic Order
The Teutonic Order is a religious order (Catholic), Catholic religious institution founded as a military order (religious society), military society in Acre, Israel, Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals. Its members have commonly been known as the Teutonic Knights, having historically served as a crusades, crusading military order for supporting Catholic rule in the Holy Land and the Northern Crusades during the Middle Ages, as well as supplying military protection for Catholics in Eastern Europe. Purely religious since 1810, the Teutonic Order still confers limited honorary knighthoods. The Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order, a Protestant order of chivalry, chivalric order, is descended from the same medieval military order and also continues to award knighthoods and perform charitable work. Name The name of the Or ...
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Bystřice (Cidlina)
The Bystřice is a river in the Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Cidlina River. It flows through the Hradec Králové and Central Bohemian regions. It is long. Etymology The name of the river is derived from the Czech word ''bystrá'', which used to mean 'fast-flowing', 'rapid'. Characteristic The Bystřice originates in the territory of Horní Brusnice in the Giant Mountains Foothills at an elevation of and flows to Chlumec nad Cidlinou, where it enters the Cidlina River at an elevation of . The river is long. Its drainage basin has an area of . The longest tributaries of the Bystřice are: Flow The largest town around which the river flows is Hořice. The river flows through the municipal territories of Horní Brusnice, Pecka, Borek, Tetín, Miletín, Rohoznice, Červená Třemešná, Hořice, Jeřice, Cerekvice nad Bystřicí, Hněvčeves, Benátky, Sovětice, Sadová, Dohalice, Mžany, Mokrovousy, Třesovice, Nechanice, Kunčice, Boharyně, ...
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Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové (; ) is a city of the Czech Republic. It has about 94,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Hradec Králové Region. The historic centre of Hradec Králové is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation, the wider centre is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban monument zone. Administrative division Hradec Králové consists of 21 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Březhrad (899) *Hradec Králové (14,782) *Kukleny (2,617) *Malšova Lhota (869) *Malšovice (2,557) *Moravské Předměstí (4,966) *Nový Hradec Králové (22,458) *Piletice (186) *Plácky (1,108) *Plačice (737) *Plotiště nad Labem (2,087) *Pouchov (2,007) *Pražské Předměstí (13,045) *Roudnička (873) *Rusek (411) *Slatina (742) *Slezské Předměstí (8,948) *Svinary (1,064) *Svobodné Dvory (2,632) *Třebeš (7,225) *Věkoše (2,436) ...
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Regions Of The Czech Republic
Regions of the Czech Republic ( ; singular ) are higher-level territorial self-governing units of the Czech Republic. History The first regions (''kraje'') were created in the Kingdom of Bohemia in the 14th century. At the beginning of the 15th century, Bohemia was already divided into 12 regions, but their borders were not fixed due to the frequent changes in the borders of the estates. During the reign of George of Poděbrady (1458–1471), Bohemia was divided into 14 regions, which remained so until 1714, when their number was reduced to 12 again. From 1751 to 1850, after the four largest regions were divided, the kingdom consisted of 16 regions. Between 1850 and 1862, there were several reforms and the number of regions fluctuated between 7 and 13. Due to the parallel establishment of political districts in 1848, however, their importance declined. In 1862, the regions were abolished, although the regional authorities had some powers until 1868. Moravia was divided into ...
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