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Aptrootidea Marginata
''Aptrootidea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Gomphillaceae The Gomphillaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. Species in this family are found mostly in tropical regions. The family underwent a major molecular phylogenetics-led reorganisation in 2023, in which 17 genera were .... It has six species of leaf-dwelling ( foliicolous) lichens. Taxonomy The genus was established in 2023 by Amanda Xavier-Leite, Marcela Cáceres, and Robert Lücking, and is named in honour of André Aptroot, a prominent researcher in tropical lichen studies. The genus was created after molecular phylogenetics, molecular analyses showed that these species were distinct from the genus ''Echinoplaca'' where they were previously classified. While molecular analysis has only been performed on the type species, the other five species are provisionally included based on shared characteristics, though they might eventually be moved to a separate genus with further research ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Lücking
Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist, known for his extensive research on foliicolous lichens (lichens that live on leaves) and his significant contributions to the taxonomy, ecology, and biodiversity of fungi and lichens. He earned his master's and PhD from the University of Ulm, focusing on foliicolous lichens. He has received numerous awards for his work, including the Mason E. Hale Award for his doctoral thesis, the Augustin Pyramus de Candolle prize for his monograph, and the Tuckerman Award twice for his publications in the scientific journal '' The Bryologist''. Since 2015, Lücking has been serving as the curator of lichens, fungi, and bryophytes at the Berlin Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum, overseeing a vast scientific collection and contributing to major advancements in molecular phylogenetics in lichenology. Lücking has authored or co-authored the description of more than 1000 taxa, making him one of the most prolific modern lichenologists. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Aptroot
André Aptroot ( Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. His primary research focus is on biodiversity, particularly tropical lichens, encompassing systematics, floristic surveys, and taxonomic reviews. A prolific researcher, he has published more than 500 scientific papers and described hundreds of new fungal and lichen species. Career In 1993 he did his PhD at the University of Utrecht under the supervision of Robbert Gradstein (nl). His dissertation was titled "Systematic studies on pyrenocarpous lichens and related fungi". He specializes in fungi and lichens on which he has several hundreds of publications to his name. He has worked as curator at Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (now Westerdijk Institute). Aptroot is the founder of the ''Adviesbureau voor Bryologie en Lichenologie – Herbarium'' (Consultancy for Bryology and Lichenology), which is located in Soest where there is a herbarium with a collection of lichens mainly from the Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Described In 2023
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion, especially in the context of rank-based (" Linnaean") nomenclature (much less so under phylogenetic nomenclature). If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were presumably set forth in prehistoric times by hunter-gatherers, as suggested by the fairly sophisticated folk taxonomies. Much later, Aristotle, and later still ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. . Lichens are the lifeform that first brought the term symbiosis (as ''Symbiotismus'') into biological context. Lichens have since been recognized as important actors in nutrient cycling and producers which many higher trophic feeders feed on, such as reindeer, gastropods, nematodes, mites, and springtails. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphidales Genera
Graphidales is an order (biology), order of lichen-forming fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It contains 6 family (biology), families, about 81 genus, genera and about 2,228 species. Family Graphidaceae are the largest crustose family within Graphidales order comprising more than 2000 species, which are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. History The Graphidales were introduced in a 1884 publication by Frigyes Ákos Hazslinszky in Magyar Birodalom Zuzmó-Flórája on page 216 as family Graphideae. In 1907, they were established as an Order (biology), order by American botanist Charles Edwin Bessey, Bessey (1845–1915), When the order was introduced, it contained just two families, the Graphidaceae and Thelotremataceae who were both mainly tropical based and each family had about 800–1000 species. Sherwood in 1977 proposed to maintain a distinction between the Graphidales with mostly lichenised members and the Ostropales which included mostl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septum
In biology, a septum (Latin language, Latin for ''something that encloses''; septa) is a wall, dividing a Body cavity, cavity or structure into smaller ones. A cavity or structure divided in this way may be referred to as septate. Examples Human anatomy * Interatrial septum, the wall of tissue that is a sectional part of the left and right atria of the heart * Interventricular septum, the wall separating the left and right ventricles of the heart * Lingual septum, a vertical layer of fibrous tissue that separates the halves of the tongue *Nasal septum: the cartilage wall separating the nostrils of the nose * Alveolar septum: the thin wall which separates the Pulmonary alveolus, alveoli from each other in the lungs * Orbital septum, a palpebral ligament in the upper and lower eyelids * Septum pellucidum or septum lucidum, a thin structure separating two fluid pockets in the brain * Uterine septum, a malformation of the uterus * Septum of the penis, Penile septum, a fibrous w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apothecia
An ascocarp, or ascoma (: ascomata), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are most commonly bowl-shaped (apothecia) but may take on a spherical or flask-like form that has a pore opening to release spores (perithecia) or no opening (cleistothecia). Classification The ascocarp is classified according to its placement (in ways not fundamental to the basic taxonomy). It is called ''epigeous'' if it grows above ground, as with the morels, while underground ascocarps, such as truffles, are termed ''hypogeous''. The structure enclosing the hymenium is divided into the types described below (apothecium, cleistothecium, etc.) and this character ''is'' important for the taxonomic classification of the fungus. Apothecia can be relatively large and fleshy, whereas the others are microscopic—about the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinoplaca
''Echinoplaca'' is a genus of lichens in the family Gomphillaceae. Species , Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 18 species of ''Echinoplaca''. * ''Echinoplaca areolata'' * ''Echinoplaca atromuralis'' * ''Echinoplaca basalis'' * ''Echinoplaca campanulata'' * ''Echinoplaca caruaruensis'' * ''Echinoplaca epiphylla'' * ''Echinoplaca epiphylloides'' * ''Echinoplaca furcata'' * ''Echinoplaca leucomuralis'' * ''Echinoplaca leucotrichoides'' * ''Echinoplaca macgregorii'' * ''Echinoplaca pellicula'' * ''Echinoplaca pernambucensis'' * ''Echinoplaca schizidiifera'' * ''Echinoplaca tetrapla'' * ''Echinoplaca verrucifera'' * ''Echinoplaca vezdana'' * ''Echinoplaca wilsoniorum'' References Gomphillaceae Lichen genera Graphidales genera Taxa named by Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée Taxa described in 1825 {{Lecanoromycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetics, phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foliicolous Lichen
A foliicolous lichen is a lichen which grows on the surfaces of living leaves of vascular plants, usually inhabiting the upper surface (''epiphyllous'') but sometimes also the lower surface (''hypophyllous''). Foliicolous lichens largely occur in tropical environments and of the over 800 foliicolous lichens accepted (as of 2008) over 600 of these are known from the tropics. Unlike most lichens which are common in humid but cool and temperate climates, these tropical lichens are more suited to the higher temperatures and lower light levels present beneath the rainforest Canopy (biology), canopy, where they are involved in the nutrient cycle and water cycle, water retention. Chlorophyta are common photosynthetic partner phycobionts of epiphyllous lichens.Lichen Photobionts, University of Nebraska Oma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aptrootidea Amapensis
''Aptrootidea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. It has six species of leaf-dwelling ( foliicolous) lichens. Taxonomy The genus was established in 2023 by Amanda Xavier-Leite, Marcela Cáceres, and Robert Lücking, and is named in honour of André Aptroot, a prominent researcher in tropical lichen studies. The genus was created after molecular analyses showed that these species were distinct from the genus ''Echinoplaca'' where they were previously classified. While molecular analysis has only been performed on the type species, the other five species are provisionally included based on shared characteristics, though they might eventually be moved to a separate genus with further research. Description ''Aptrootidea'' lichens are characterised by their growth pattern, which can be either continuous or scattered across the leaf surface. A distinctive feature of some species is the presence of small, dark bristles that grow from a transparent base layer (the ). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
