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1992 Murindó Earthquake
The 1992 Murindó earthquake (also known as the Atrato earthquake) occurred on October 18 at 15:11 UTC (10:11 a.m. local time) with an epicenter in the Department of Chocó, northern Colombia. The shallow magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck northwest of the town of Murindó, killing ten and injured more than a hundred. Thirty-three municipalities were severely damaged. The preferred focal mechanism of this earthquake is highly debated with either thrust, reverse, or left-lateral strike-slip. Tectonic setting Subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the North Andes plate (part of the South American plate) occasionally produces moderately large to great earthquakes along the coast of Colombia. The megathrust fault forms the northern part of the Peru–Chile Trench, which has been the source of very large earthquakes including the 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake; the magnitude 8.8 is the biggest in the region and the 6th largest earthquake to be instrumentally recorded. Ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale
The Environmental Seismic Intensity scale (ESI 2007) is a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake on the basis of the effects of the earthquake on the natural environment (Earthquake Environmental Effects). Overview The international effort to develop a new scale of macroseismic intensity that would focus exclusively on environmental effects of earthquakes began in the early 1990s and was sponsored by the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA). After the final draft of the scale was approved by INQUA at its XVII Congress in Cairns, Australia, in 2007, the scale became officially known as ''ESI 2007''. Like many other Seismic scale#Seismic intensity scales, intensity scales, ESI 2007 uses the basic structure of twelve degrees of seismic intensity and is designed for application during field surveys immediately after the seismic event. However, the definitions of intensity degrees in ESI 2007 are based on the observation of distribution and size o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik Scale
The Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale, also known as the MSK or MSK-64, is a macroseismic intensity scale used to evaluate the severity of ground shaking on the basis of observed effects in an area where an earthquake transpires. The scale was first proposed by Sergei Medvedev (USSR), Wilhelm Sponheuer (East Germany), and Vít Kárník (Czechoslovakia) in 1964. It was based on the experiences being available in the early 1960s from the application of the Modified Mercalli intensity scale and the 1953 version of the Medvedev scale, known also as the GEOFIAN scale. With minor modifications in the mid-1970s and early 1980s, the MSK scale became widely used in Europe and the USSR. In early 1990s, the European Seismological Commission (ESC) used many of the principles formulated in the MSK in the development of the European macroseismic scale, which is now a '' de facto'' standard for evaluation of seismic intensity in European countries. MSK-64 is still being used in India, Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1992 Earthquakes
Year 199 ( CXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was sometimes known as year 952 ''Ab urbe condita''. The denomination 199 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Osroene. * Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls. * Two new legions, I Parthica and III Parthica, are formed as a permanent garrison. China * Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Korea * Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date). By topic Religion * Pope Zephyrinus succeeds Pope Victor I, as the 15th pope. Births Valerian Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1992 In Colombia
Events of 1992 in Colombia. Incumbents * President: César Gaviria (1990–1994). * Vice President: N/A.The Office of the Vice President was officially abolished by the 1905 National Constituent Assembly on 28 March 1905, and it was only reinstituted after the ratification of the new 1991 Constitution and filled in the following presidential elections in 1994. Events Ongoing *Colombian conflict * Massacre of Trujillo. January February * 22 February – A military convoy is attacked with dynamite in a jungle region near the border between Remedios and Puerto Berrío in Antioquia while guarding a vehicle as part of the construction of an oil pipeline. 13 people are killed, one being a civilian driver. March * 31 March – The 42nd Vuelta a Colombia begins in Pereira, Risaralda. April * 12 April – The 42nd Vuelta a Colombia ends in Bogotá. Fabio Parra of Seguros Amaya wins. May * 2 May – The 1992 Colombian energy crisis The 1992 Colombian energy c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |