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ψ-DOM
ψ-DOM, or psi-DOM, also known as 2,6-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, is a hallucinogenic, psychedelic drug of the Ψ-PEA family and a structural isomer of the better-known hallucinogen DOM. ψ-DOM was first reported by Alexander Shulgin in his book ''PiHKAL''. ψ-DOM has similar effects to DOM, but is only around one third to one half the potency, with an active dose reported to be between 15 and 25 milligrams. The effects of ψ-DOM last for around six to eight hours. The activity of ψ-DOM (and ψ-2C-T-4) demonstrates that the two methoxy groups on the psychedelic phenethylamines are not strictly limited to the 2,5-positions on the phenyl ring. Indeed, any of the 2Cx or DOx series of drugs could alternatively be made as the 2,6-isomer and would still be expected to show similar activity, although slightly less potent. In theory this would vastly expand the range of different hallucinogens that could be derived from this family of drugs. The 2,6-isomer of another similar drug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Schedule I Drugs
This is the list of Schedule I controlled substances in the United States as defined by the Controlled Substances Act.21 CFRbr>1308.11 (CSA Sched I) with changes through (Oct 18, 2012). Retrieved September 6, 2013. The following findings are required for substances to be placed in this schedule: United States Code via Cornell University's Legal Information Institute The Legal Information Institute (LII) is a non-profit public service of Cornell Law School that provides no-cost access to current American and international legal research sources online. Founded in 1992 by Peter Martin and Tom Bruce, LII .... Retrieved on 2007-10-02. # The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. # The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. # There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. The complete list of Schedule I substances is as follows. The Administrative C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hallucinogenic
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelics, entheogens, or historically as psychotomimetics, are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes. Hallucinogens are often categorized as either being psychedelics, dissociatives, or deliriants, but not all hallucinogens fall into these three classes. Examples of hallucinogens include psychedelics or serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists like LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, and DMT; dissociatives or NMDA receptor antagonists like ketamine, PCP, DXM, and nitrous oxide; deliriants or antimuscarinics like scopolamine and diphenhydramine; cannabinoids or cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists like THC, nabilone, and JWH-018; κ-opioid receptor agonists like salvinorin A and pentazocine; GABAA receptor agonists like muscimol and gaboxadol; and oneirogens like ibogaine and harmaline, among others. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Drug
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic hallucinogens or serotonergic hallucinogens, the term ''psychedelic'' is sometimes used more broadly to include various other types of hallucinogens as well, such as those which are atypical or adjacent to psychedelia like salvia and MDMA, respectively. Classic psychedelics generally cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and oftentimes a substantially altered state of consciousness. They have had the largest influence on science and culture, and include mescaline, LSD, psilocybin, and DMT. There are a large number of both naturally occurring and synthetic serotonergic psychedelics. Most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three families of chemical compounds: tryptamines, phenethylamines, or lysergamides. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychoactive Drug
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, psychoactive substance, or psychotropic substance is a chemical substance that alters psychological functioning by modulating central nervous system activity. Psychoactive and psychotropic drugs both affect the brain, with psychotropics sometimes referring to psychiatric drugs or high-abuse substances, while “drug” can have negative connotations. Designer drug, Novel psychoactive substances are designer drugs made to mimic illegal ones and bypass laws. Psychoactive drug use dates back to prehistory for medicinal and consciousness-altering purposes, with evidence of widespread cultural use. Many animals intentionally consume psychoactive substances, and some traditional legends suggest animals first introduced humans to their use. Psychoactive substances are used across cultures for purposes ranging from medicinal and therapeutic treatment of Mental disorder, mental disorders and pain, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ψ-PEA (psychedelics)
Ψ-Phenethylamines (Ψ-PEA), or psi-phenethylamines (psi-PEA), also known as 4-substituted 2,6-dimethoxyphenethylamines, are a family of psychedelic and related compounds of the phenethylamine family. They are positional isomers of the 4-substituted 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines (e.g., 2Cs and DOx) and 4-substituted 3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines (e.g., scalines and 3Cs). Like the preceding groups or substitution patterns of phenethylamine psychedelics, many Ψ-PEA derivatives are likewise potent serotonergic psychedelics and are known to act as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists. Examples of known psychedelic Ψ-PEAs include TMA-6 (Ψ-TMA-2) and Ψ-DOM, Ψ-2C-T-4, Ψ-2C-DFMO, and Ψ-DODFMO. Conversely, Ψ-2C-O (TMPEA-6) was inactive. Unlike many other psychedelic phenethylamines, Ψ-PEAs such as TMA-6, Ψ-Aleph, and Ψ-Aleph-2 are known to act as potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The Ψ-PEAs are relatively unexplored compared to the other major psychedelic ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isomer
In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formula – that is, the same number of atoms of each element (chemistry), element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in space. ''Isomerism'' refers to the existence or possibility of isomers. Isomers do not necessarily share similar chemical property, chemical or physical property, physical properties. Two main forms of isomerism are structural isomerism, structural (or constitutional) isomerism, in which ''chemical bond, bonds'' between the atoms differ; and stereoisomerism (or spatial isomerism), in which the bonds are the same but the ''relative positions'' of the atoms differ. Isomeric relationships form a hierarchy. Two chemicals might be the same constitutional isomer, but upon deeper analysis be stereoisomers of each other. Two molecules that are the same stereoisomer as each other might be in different conformational forms or be different Isotopologue, isotopologues. The depth of analy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), also known as STP (standing for "Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace" and/or other phrases), is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It is generally taken orally. DOM was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, and later described in his book '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' (1991). It is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, and is similarly controlled in other parts of the world. Internationally, it is a Schedule I drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Effects Effects of this drug include substantial perceptual changes such as blurred vision, multiple images, vibration of objects, visual alterations, distorted shapes, enhancement of details, slowed passage of time, increased sexual drive and pleasure, and increased contrasts. It may cause mystical experiences and changes in consciousness. It may also cause pupillary dilation and a rise in systo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Shulgin
Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American biochemist, broad researcher of synthetic psychoactive compounds, and author of works regarding these, who independently explored the organic chemistry and pharmacology of such agents—in his mid-life and later, many through preparation in his home laboratory, and testing on himself. He is acknowledged to have introduced to broader use, in the late 1970s, the previously-synthesized compound MDMA ("ecstasy"), in research psychopharmacology and in combination with conventional therapy, the latter through presentations and academic publications, including to psychologists; and for the rediscovery, occasional discovery, and regular synthesis and personal use and distribution, of possibly hundreds of Psychoactive drug, psychoactive compounds (for their Psychedelic drug, psychedelic and MDMA-like empathogenic bioactivity, bioactivities). As such, Shulgin is seen both as a pioneering and a controversi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PiHKAL
''PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is Psychoactive drug, psychoactive phenethylamine Derivative (chemistry), chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelic drug, psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens. The main title, PiHKAL, is an acronym that stands for "Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved". The book is arranged into two parts, the first part being a fictionalized autobiography of the couple and the second part describing 179 different psychedelic compounds (most of which Shulgin discovered himself), including detailed synthesis instructions, bioassays, dosages, and other commentary. The second part was made freely available by Shulgin on Erowid while the first part is available only in the printed text. While the reactions described are beyond the ability of people with a basic chemistry education, some tend to emphasize techniques that do not require difficult-to-ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ψ-2C-T-4
2C-T-4, also known as 4-isopropylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin and is used as entheogenic recreational drug. Effects 2C-T-4 produces psychedelic and entheogenic effects that develop slowly and can last 12 to 18hours. While users may experience virtually no effects for the first hour after ingestion, results vary drastically between individuals and range from hallucination and euphoria to intense sickness and anxiety. Shulgin devoted a chapter in the first part of his book ''PiHKAL'' to this compound, describing an intense "plus-four" psychedelic experience mediated by a twelve milligram dose. Interactions 2C drugs are metabolized by the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes MAO-A and MAO-B. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide, and selegiline may potentiate the effects of 2C drugs. This may result in overdose and serious toxicity. Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-B-FLY
2C-B-FLY is a psychedelic and designer drug of the phenethylamine, 2C, and FLY families. It was first synthesized in 1996 by Aaron Monte, Professor of Chemistry at UW-La Crosse. This molecule was researched by Alexander Shulgin, and it was Ann Shulgin's favorite research chemical. Chemistry 2C-B-FLY is 8-bromo-2,3,6,7-benzo-dihydro-difuran-ethylamine. The full name of the chemical is 2-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro ,3-f enzofuran-4-yl)ethanamine. It has been subject of little formal study, but its appearance as a designer drug has led the DEA to release analytical results for 2C-B-FLY and several related compounds. Analogs and derivatives In theory, dihydro-difuran analogs of any of the 2Cx / DOx family of drugs could be made, and would be expected to show similar activity to the parent compounds, 2-CB, DOB, DOM, etc. In the same way that 2C-B-FLY is the dihydro-difuran analog of 2C-B, the 8-iodo equivalent, "2C-I-FLY," would be the dihydro-difuran analogue of 2C-I, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David E
David (; , "beloved one") was a king of ancient Israel and Judah and the third king of the United Monarchy, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament. The Tel Dan stele, an Aramaic-inscribed stone erected by a king of Aram-Damascus in the late 9th/early 8th centuries BCE to commemorate a victory over two enemy kings, contains the phrase (), which is translated as " House of David" by most scholars. The Mesha Stele, erected by King Mesha of Moab in the 9th century BCE, may also refer to the "House of David", although this is disputed. According to Jewish works such as the '' Seder Olam Rabbah'', '' Seder Olam Zutta'', and '' Sefer ha-Qabbalah'' (all written over a thousand years later), David ascended the throne as the king of Judah in 885 BCE. Apart from this, all that is known of David comes from biblical literature, the historicity of which has been extensively challenged,Writing and Rewriting the Story of Solomon in Ancient Israel; by Isaac Kalimi; pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
