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Łódź–Bednary Railway
The Łódź–Bednary railway is a railway line located in Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, connecting the city of Łódź with the village of Bednary, located on Warsaw-Kunowice railway. It is commonly described as Łódź-Łowicz railway, because the passenger traffic on the railway is guided toward the main station in the town of Łowicz. The section from Zgierz to Łódź is a crucial part of a railway ring around the city. The railway line was opened in 1902 as the part of broad gauge Warsaw-Kalisz railway. During World War I it was rebuilt into standard gauge. Electrification of the line took place in 1965. In the years 2007 the railway line was closed down due to poor condition of the tracks. Refurbishment took place between March and September 2011. Traffic was restored on 1 October 2011. In the year 2013 the line received new stopping points, due to creation of Łódź Commuter Railway. Since 2015 ŁKA serves passenger traffic on the entire length of railway line. Previou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heavy Rail
Various terms are used for passenger railway lines and equipment; the usage of these terms differs substantially between areas: Rapid transit A rapid transit system is an electric railway characterized by high speed (~) and rapid acceleration. It uses passenger railcars operating singly or in multiple unit trains on fixed rails. It operates on separate right-of-way (transportation), rights-of-way from which all other vehicular and foot traffic are excluded (i.e. is fully grade separation, grade-separated from other traffic). The APTA definition also includes the use sophisticated railway signalling, signaling systems, and railway platform height, high platform loading. Originally, the term ''rapid transit'' was used in the 1800s to describe new forms of quick urban public transportation that had a right-of-way separated from street traffic. This set rapid transit apart from horsecars, trams, streetcars, bus, omnibuses, and other forms of public transport. A variant of the ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PKP PLK
(; PKP PLK) is the Polish railway infrastructure manager, responsible for maintenance of rail tracks, conducting trains across the country, scheduling train timetables, and management of railway land. The company was founded in 2001 as part of the break-up of the once-unitary Polish State Railways JSC, to separate infrastructure management and transport operations. Activities During 2000, a substantial restructuring of Polish railways in favour of a liberalised model permission of private operators and external participate, was enacted, one result of which was the creation of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. as Poland's new railway infrastructure manager in place of the unified Polish State Railways JSC. The approach of these reforms were largely similar to those being implemented across most of the member nations of the European Union (EU). PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe did not inherit all infrastructure-related aspects of the former Polish State Railways, those that directly de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Lines In Poland
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of land transport, next to road transport. It is used for about 8% of passenger and freight transport globally, thanks to its energy efficiency and potentially high speed.Rolling stock on rails generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, allowing rail cars to be coupled into longer trains. Power is usually provided by diesel or electric locomotives. While railway transport is capital-intensive and less flexible than road transport, it can carry heavy loads of passengers and cargo with greater energy efficiency and safety. Precursors of railways driven by human or animal power have existed since antiquity, but modern rail transport began with the invention of the steam locomotive in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Przewozy Regionalne
Polregio (formerly ''Przewozy Regionalne'') is a train operator in Poland, responsible for local and interregional passenger transportation. Each day it runs approximately 3,000 regional trains. In 2002 it carried 215 million passengers. The company was founded in 2001 from the splitup of the PKP Passenger Transport Sector of the once-unitary ''Polish State Railways, Polskie Koleje Państwowe'' national rail operator into several companies to meet European Union requirements. Train categories ;REGIO (R) :local passenger train, 2nd class only, stops (usually) at all stations ;REGIOplus :semi-fast local passenger train, 2nd class only, stops at a limited number of stations, same fare as Regio ;interREGIO (IR) :low-cost inter-regional fast train, 2nd class only, stops at medium and major stations only; since 1 September 2015 only on routes Łódź – Warsaw, Warszawa and Ełk – Grodno (Belarus), due to company's economics and restructuring. ;REGIOekspres (RE) :fast tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łódzka Kolej Aglomeracyjna
Łódzka Kolej Aglomeracyjna (Łódź Metropolitan Railway) is a commuter rail, commuter and regional rail service operating between the Poland, Polish city of Łódź and surrounding towns in the Łódź Voivodeship (province). The company was founded in 2010. It is fully owned by the Łódź Voivodeship government. Services The Railway operates services to destinations between Łódź and the following towns and cities: Koluszki, Kutno, Łowicz, Sieradz, Skierniewice, Zgierz. On weekends, services operate between Łódź and the Warszawa Wschodnia railway station in Warsaw. The main railway terminus, termini stations of the network are Łódź Kaliska, Zgierz and Łódź Widzew railway station, Łódź Widzew. Services are operated on railway tracks owned by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe, which are shared with other rail operators. The central sections of ŁKA form a circular line encircling the city of Łódź, running between Łódź Kaliska railway station and the Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard-gauge Railway
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of . The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with about 55% of the lines in the world using it. All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except those in Russia, Finland, Uzbekistan, and some line sections in Spain. The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm except in the United States, Canada, and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in U.S. customary/ British Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches", which is equivalent to 1,435.1mm. History As railways developed and expanded, one of the key issues was the track gauge (the distance, or width, between the inner sides of the rail heads) to be used, as the wheels of the rolling stock (locomoti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw–Kalisz Railway
The Warsaw–Kalisz Railway (), also called Kalisz Railway is a railway in Poland connecting Warsaw and Kalisz. It was built between 1900 - 1902 by the ''Society of the Warsaw–Vienna railway'' in the Russian-controlled Congress Poland. The line was opened on 15 November 1902 connecting the railway junction in Warsaw with Kalisz near the border of the Russian Empire and German Empire. Unlike the earlier Warsaw–Vienna railway the line to Kalisz was built to the Russian broad gauge to facilitate Russian military transports and limit the potential for interoperability with the European rail network. In 1906, the ''Warsaw - Kalisz Railway'' was connected with the German railways, through a newly constructed dual-gauge line Kalisz - Nowe Skalmierzyce (a village which served as a border checkpoint). In 1910, German government built another line, from Oleśnica, via Odolanów, to Ostrów Wielkopolski, which shortened the rail distance between Wrocław and Kalisz. The line was n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broad-gauge Railway
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the used by standard-gauge railways. Broad gauge of , more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries ( CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia. Broad gauge of , commonly known as five foot gauge, is mainly used in Finland. Broad gauge of , commonly known as Irish gauge, is the dominant track gauge in Ireland, the Australian state of Victoria and Adelaide in South Australia and passenger trains of Brazil. Broad gauge of , commonly known as Iberian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in Spain and Portugal. Broad gauge of , commonly known as Indian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in Indian Railways, India, Pakistan Railways, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka Railways, Sri Lanka, Rail transport in Argentina, Argentina, Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado, Chile, and on Bay Area Rapid Transit, BART (Bay Area Rapid Tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łódź
Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Poland, fourth largest city. Łódź first appears in records in the 14th century. It was granted city rights, town rights in 1423 by the Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło and it remained a private town of the Kuyavian bishops and clergy until the late 18th century. In the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, Łódź was annexed to Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia before becoming part of the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw; the city joined Congress Poland, a Russian Empire, Russian client state, at the 1815 Congress of Vienna. The Second Industrial Revolution (from 1850) brought rapid growth in textile manufacturing and in population owing to the inflow of migrants, a sizable part of which were Jews and Germans. Ever since the industrialization of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Current
Direct current (DC) is one-directional electric current, flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor (material), conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, electrical insulation, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron beam, electron or ion beams. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). A archaism, term formerly used for this type of current was galvanic current. The abbreviations ''AC'' and ''DC'' are often used to mean simply ''alternating'' and ''direct'', as when they modify ''Electric current, current'' or ''voltage''. Direct current may be converted from an alternating current supply by use of a rectifier, which contains Electronics, electronic elements (usually) or electromechanical elements (historically) that allow current to flow only in one direction. Direct current may be converted into alt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overhead Wire
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is ''overhead line''. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire. An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid. Overview Electric trains that collect their current from overhead lines use a device such as a pantograph, bow collector or trolley pole. It presses against the unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Łódź–Kutno Railway
The Łódź—Kutno railway is a railway line located in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, connecting the city of Łódź with a railway station in Kutno via Zgierz, Ozorków and Łęczyca. The section between Łódź Widzew and Zgierz stations is a part of a railway ring around the city of Łódź. History Construction of the railway was commenced by Polish State Railways in 1920. In 1923 the partially finished section between Zgierz and Łęczyca was opened, three years later a link to Kutno was finished. The section between Zgierz and Widzew stations was finished in 1931. The railway was electrified within two stages: in 1969 (Łódź Widzew-Zgierz) and 1981 (Zgierz-Kutno). Current condition The railway line is currently used for both freight and passenger services. The section between Zgierz and Kutno is listed as the railway of national importance. However, due to being single-track, the capacity of the railway is vastly limited, especially with regional passenger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
