Following are timelines of the history of Ottoman Syria, taken as the parts of Ottoman Syria provinces under

Ottoman rule Ottoman is the Turkish spelling of the Arabic masculine given name Uthman ( ar, عُثْمان, ‘uthmān). It may refer to: Governments and dynasties * Ottoman Caliphate, an Islamic caliphate from 1517 to 1924 * Ottoman Empire, in existence fro ...

Timeline of history of the parts of Ottoman Syria under Ottoman rule

16th century

*July 1516 –

Selim I Selim I ( ota, سليم الأول; tr, I. Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute ( tr, links=no, Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite las ...

of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

declares war on the

Mameluks Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') i ...

and invades Syria. *1517: The

captures Jerusalem after Sultan

defeats the last

Mamluk Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...

Sultan

Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri ( ar, الأشرف قانصوه الغوري) or Qansuh II al-Ghawri (c. 1441/1446 – 24 August 1516) was the second-to-last of the Mamluk Sultans. One of the last and most powerful of the Burji dynasty, he reigned fr ...

at the

Battle of Marj Dabiq The Battle of Marj Dābiq ( ar, مرج دابق, meaning "the meadow of Dābiq"; tr, Mercidabık Muharebesi), a decisive military engagement in Middle Eastern history, was fought on 24 August 1516, near the town of Dabiq, 44 km north of ...

the previous year. Selim proclaims himself

Caliph A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

of the Islamic world. *1535–1538: Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I rebuilds the

Walls of Jerusalem The Walls of Jerusalem ( he, חומות ירושלים, ar, أسوار القدس) surround the Old City of Jerusalem (approx. 1 km2). In 1535, when Jerusalem was part of the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Suleiman I ordered the ruined city wa ...

. *1541: Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I sealed off the

Golden Gate The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by t ...

to prevent the

Jewish Messiah The Messiah in Judaism () is a savior and liberator figure in Jewish eschatology, who is believed to be the future redeemer of the Jewish people. The concept of messianism originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible a messiah is a king or ...

's entrance. *14 January 1546: A devastating earthquake shook the

Levant The Levant () is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest sense, which is in use today in archaeology and other cultural contexts, it is ...

. The epicenter of the earthquake was in the Jordan River in a location between the Dead Sea and the Sea of Galilee. The cities of

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

Hebron Hebron ( ar, الخليل or ; he, חֶבְרוֹן ) is a Palestinian. city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies above sea level. The second-largest city in the West Bank (after Eas ...

, Nablus, Gaza and Damascus were heavily damaged.

17th century

*1604: First

Protectorate of missions Protectorate of missions is a term for the right of protection exercised by a Christian power in a Muslim or other non-Christian country with regard to the persons and establishments of the missionaries. The term does not apply to all protection o ...

agreed under the

Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire were contracts between the Ottoman Empire and other powers in Europe, particularly France. Turkish capitulations, or Ahidnâmes were generally bilateral acts whereby definite arrangements were entered int ...

, in which Ahmad I agreed that the subjects of

Henry IV of France Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch ...

were free to visit the Holy Places of Jerusalem. French missionaries begin to travel to Jerusalem and other major Ottoman cities. *1610: the first

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

printing press in the

Arab world The Arab world ( ar, اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ '), formally the Arab homeland ( '), also known as the Arab nation ( '), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, refers to a vast group of countries, mainly located in Western A ...

founded in Dayr-Qazahya by Maronite monks. *1622: Fakhr ad-Din al-Ma'ni, prince of Shouf in Mount Lebanon, defeats at the

Battle of Anjar The Battle of Anjar was fought on 1 November 1623 between the army of Fakhr al-Din II and an coalition army led by the governor of Damascus Mustafa Pasha. Background In 1623, Yunus al-Harfush prohibited the Druze of the Chouf from cultivatin ...

an army led by the Wali (governor) of Damascus Mustafa Pasha. *1624: occupied with threat from the

Safavids Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

, the Ottomans agree to make Fakhr ad-Din governor over a region extending from Aleppo to Arish. During his rule, Fakhr ad-Din initiates political and cultural relations with

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

. *1633: the Wali of Damascus Ahmed Pasha leads a campaign against Fakhr ad-Din from both land and sea. *1635: Fakhr ad-Din is hanged in Damascus. *1663-5:

Sabbatai Zevi Sabbatai Zevi (; August 1, 1626 – c. September 17, 1676), also spelled Shabbetai Ẓevi, Shabbeṯāy Ṣeḇī, Shabsai Tzvi, Sabbatai Zvi, and ''Sabetay Sevi'' in Turkish, was a Jewish mystic and ordained rabbi from Smyrna (now İzmir, Turk ...

, founder of the

Sabbateans The Sabbateans (or Sabbatians) were a variety of Jews, Jewish followers, disciples, and believers in Sabbatai Zevi (1626–1676), a Sephardi Jews, Sephardic Jewish rabbi and Kabbalah, Kabbalist who was List of Jewish messiah claimants, proclai ...

, preaches in Jerusalem before travelling back to his native

Smyrna Smyrna ( ; grc, Σμύρνη, Smýrnē, or , ) was a Greek city located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Due to its advantageous port conditions, its ease of defence, and its good inland connections, Smyrna rose to promi ...

where he proclaimed himself the

Messiah In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias (; , ; , ; ) is a saviour or liberator of a group of people. The concepts of '' mashiach'', messianism, and of a Messianic Age originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible, in which a ''mashiach ...

18th century

*1700: Judah the Pious with 1,000 followers settle in Jerusalem. *30 October 1759: A devastating earthquake shook Galilee. The epicenter of the earthquake was in the Jordan River in a location between the Sea of Galilee and the

Hula Valley The Hula Valley ( he, עמק החולה, translit. ''Emek Ha-Ḥula''; also transliterated as Huleh Valley, ar, سهل الحولة) is an agricultural region in northern Israel with abundant fresh water, which used to be Lake Hula, prior to ...

. The cities of Safed,

Tiberias Tiberias ( ; he, טְבֶרְיָה, ; ar, طبريا, Ṭabariyyā) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. A major Jewish center during Late Antiquity, it has been considered since the 16th century one of Judaism's F ...

, Acre,

Sidon Sidon ( ; he, צִידוֹן, ''Ṣīḏōn'') known locally as Sayda or Saida ( ar, صيدا ''Ṣaydā''), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, of which it is the capital, on the Mediterranean coast. ...

were heavily damaged. *3–7 March 1799:

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

Siege of Jaffa The siege of Jaffa was a military engagement between the French army under Napoleon Bonaparte and Ottoman forces under Ahmed al-Jazzar. On the 3 of March, 1799, the French laid siege to the city of Jaffa, which was under Ottoman control. It wa ...

– Napoleon captures the city of Jaffa. *20 March–21 May 1799:

Siege of Acre Siege of Acre may refer to: * Siege of Acre (1104), following the First Crusade *Siege of Acre (1189–1191), during the Third Crusade * Siege of Acre (1263), Baibars laid siege to the Crusader city, but abandoned it to attack Nazareth. *Siege of A ...

– An unsuccessful attempt by Napoleon to capture the city of Acre. *8 April 1799:

: Battle of Nazareth *11 April 1799:

: Battle of Cana *16 April 1799:

: The Battle of Mount Tabor –

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

drives Ottoman Turks across the

River Jordan The Jordan River or River Jordan ( ar, نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ, ''Nahr al-ʾUrdunn'', he, נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, ''Nəhar hayYardēn''; syc, ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ ''Nahrāʾ Yurdnan''), also known as ''Nahr Al-Shariea ...

near Acre.

19th century

*1831:

Muhammad Ali of Egypt Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha, also known as Muhammad Ali of Egypt and the Sudan ( sq, Mehmet Ali Pasha, ar, محمد علي باشا, ; ota, محمد علی پاشا المسعود بن آغا; ; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849), was ...

's French-trained forces occupy Syria. *1832: an Egyptian Army led by

Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt Ibrahim Pasha ( tr, Kavalalı İbrahim Paşa; ar, إبراهيم باشا ''Ibrāhīm Bāshā''; 1789 – 10 November 1848) was an Ottoman Albanian general in the Egyptian army and the eldest son of Muhammad Ali, the Wāli and unrecognised Kh ...

marches on

Anatolia Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The ...

and defeats an Ottoman army under Grand Vizier Reshid Pasha at the

Battle of Konya The battle of Konya was fought on December 21, 1832, between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire, just outside the city of Konya in modern-day Turkey. The Egyptians were led by Ibrahim Pasha, while the Ottomans were led by Reşid Mehmed Pasha. The Eg ...

. *10 May 1832: The Egyptians, aided by Maronites, seize Acre from the

after a 7-month

siege A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characteriz ...

. *1833: Western powers broker the Convention of Kutahya. The terms require Muhammad Ali to withdraw his troops from Anatolia and receive the territories of Syria,

Crete Crete ( el, Κρήτη, translit=, Modern: , Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, ...

, and

Hijaz The Hejaz (, also ; ar, ٱلْحِجَاز, al-Ḥijāz, lit=the Barrier, ) is a region in the west of Saudi Arabia. It includes the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif, and Baljurashi. It is also known as the "Western Provi ...

in exchange. *1834-5: Syrian Peasant revolts, including

Sanjak of Jerusalem The Sanjak of Jerusalem was an Ottoman administrative district, part of the Damascus Eyalet for much of its existence.Abu-Manneh (1999), pp3637. It was created in the 16th century after the 1516 Turkish conquest of Palestine,Beshara (2012), pp2 ...

, Sidon Eyalet and

Aleppo Eyalet ota, ایالت حلب , common_name = Aleppo Eyalet , subdivision = Eyalet , nation = the Ottoman Empire , year_start = 1534 , year_end = 1864 , date_start = , date_end = , event_s ...

. *1 January 1837:

Galilee earthquake of 1837 The Galilee earthquake of 1837, often called the Safed earthquake, shook the Galilee on January 1 and is one of a number of moderate to large events that have occurred along the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system that marks the boundary of t ...

– a devastating

earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, fr ...

the shook the Galilee region, killing thousands of people.Sbeinati, M.R., Darawcheh, R. & Mouty, M. 2005. The historical earthquakes of Syria: an analysis of large and moderate earthquakes from 1365 B.C. to 1900 A.D. Annals of Geophysics, 48, 347–435.
/ref> *1839: The

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in the British Isles that existed between 1801 and 1922, when it included all of Ireland. It was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the Kingdom of Grea ...

, backed by the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

and the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence ...

, compels

July Monarchy The July Monarchy (french: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (french: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 F ...

France to abandon

, and it forces him to return Syria and

Arabia The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plat ...

to the

. *15 July 1840: The

, the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. ...

, and the

sign the Convention of London with the ruler of the

. The signatories offered to Muhammad Ali and his heirs permanent control over

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

and the Acre Sanjak, provided that these territories would remain part of the Ottoman Empire and that he agreed within ten days to withdraw from the rest of Syria and returned to Sultan

Abdülmecid I Abdulmejid I ( ota, عبد المجيد اول, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, tr, I. Abdülmecid; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. His reign was notable for the r ...

the Ottoman fleet which had defected to

Alexandria Alexandria ( or ; ar, ٱلْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةُ ; grc-gre, Αλεξάνδρεια, Alexándria) is the second largest city in Egypt, and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in by Alexander the Great, Alexandri ...

. Muhammad Ali was also to immediately withdraw its forces from Arabia, the

Holy Cities A holy city is a city important to the history or faith of a specific religion. Such cities may also contain at least one headquarters complex (often containing a religious edifice, seminary, shrine, residence of the leading cleric of the religi ...

, the Adana District, and all of the Ottoman Empire. *1840: The Tanzimat reforms begin to have an impact in Syria. *1840: Sectarian clashes in Mount Lebanon between Druze and Christian

Maronites The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the larg ...

. *1847: the Syrian Association founded in Beirut. *1850: Christians massacred in the Vilayet of Aleppo. *1860: The first Jewish neighborhood (

Mishkenot Sha'ananim , settlement_type = Neighborhood of Jerusalem , image_skyline = שכונת משכנות שאננים וטחנת הרוח. צולם מכיוון העיר העתיקה.jpg , imagesize = 300px , image_caption = View of Mishkenot ...

) is built outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. *1860: Clashes between Druze and Maronites in Mount Lebanon and Damascus. *9 June 1861: European powers led by France intervene on the side of the Maronites and force the Ottomans to establish the Maronite-dominated Mutesarrifiyyet of Mount Lebanon. *1868: The American University in Beirut established under the name of the ''Syrian Protestant College''. *1868: the Syrian Scientific Society founded in Beirut. *1874:

Jerusalem Sanjak The Sanjak of Jerusalem was an Ottoman administrative district, part of the Damascus Eyalet for much of its existence.Abu-Manneh (1999), pp3637. It was created in the 16th century after the 1516 Turkish conquest of Palestine,Beshara (2012), pp2 ...

becomes a Mutesarrifiyyet gaining a special administrative status. *1877–1878: The

Russo-Turkish War The Russo-Turkish wars (or Ottoman–Russian wars) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European histo ...

causes increased taxation in Syria. *1882–1903: The

First Aliyah The First Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה הראשונה, ''HaAliyah HaRishona''), also known as the agriculture Aliyah, was a major wave of Jewish immigration (''aliyah'') to Ottoman Syria between 1881 and 1903. Jews who migrated in this wave came ...

took place in which 25,000–35,000 Jew immigrants immigrated to Ottoman Syria. *1887-8: Ottoman Palestine was divided into

Nablus Sanjak The Nablus Sanjak ( ar, سنجق نابلس; tr, Nablus Sancağı) was an administrative area that existed throughout Ottoman rule in the Levant (1517–1917). It was administratively part of the Damascus Eyalet until 1864 when it became part o ...

and Acre Sanjak. *1893: A fire destroys the

Great Mosque of Damascus The Umayyad Mosque ( ar, الجامع الأموي, al-Jāmiʿ al-Umawī), also known as the Great Mosque of Damascus ( ar, الجامع الدمشق, al-Jāmiʿ al-Damishq), located in the old city of Damascus, the capital of Syria, is one of the ...

. *1895: Construction of railway

Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...

-Damascus. *1895: Construction of railway line Damascus- Rayek. *29–31 August 1897: The

First Zionist Congress The First Zionist Congress ( he, הקונגרס הציוני הראשון) was the inaugural congress of the Zionist Organization (ZO) held in Basel (Basle), from August 29 to August 31, 1897. 208 delegates and 26 press correspondents attende ...

is held in

Basel , french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese , neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...

, Switzerland, in which the Basel Declaration was approved which determined that the Zionist movement ultimate aim is to establish a

homeland A homeland is a place where a cultural, national, or racial identity has formed. The definition can also mean simply one's country of birth. When used as a proper noun, the Homeland, as well as its equivalents in other languages, often has ethn ...

for the

Jewish people Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""Th ...

in the region of Palestine secured under public law. *1898: German Kaiser

Wilhelm Wilhelm may refer to: People and fictional characters * William Charles John Pitcher, costume designer known professionally as "Wilhelm" * Wilhelm (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname Other uses * Mount ...

visits Jerusalem to dedicate the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer. He meets

Theodor Herzl Theodor Herzl; hu, Herzl Tivadar; Hebrew name given at his brit milah: Binyamin Ze'ev (2 May 1860 – 3 July 1904) was an Austro-Hungarian Jewish lawyer, journalist, playwright, political activist, and writer who was the father of modern po ...

outside city walls.

20th century

*30 October 1918: Sinai and Palestine campaign: The British Sinai and Palestine Campaign officially ends with the signing of the

Armistice of Mudros Concluded on 30 October 1918 and taking effect at noon the next day, the Armistice of Mudros ( tr, Mondros Mütarekesi) ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I. It was signed by th ...

and, shortly thereafter, the Ottoman Empire is dissolved. *3 October 1918 – Sinai and Palestine campaign: The forces of the

Arab revolt The Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية, ) or the Great Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية الكبرى, ) was a military uprising of Arab forces against the Ottoman Empire in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On ...

led by Prince Faysal enter Damascus. In 1920 Prince Faysal becomes the king of the

Arab Kingdom of Syria The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, No ...

for a short period. *1 October 1918 – Sinai and Palestine campaign: A combined Arab and British force occupy Damascus. *23 September – Sinai and Palestine campaign: British occupation of

Haifa Haifa ( he, חֵיפָה ' ; ar, حَيْفَا ') is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area, the third-most populous metropol ...

is completed. *19 September–1 October 1918 – Sinai and Palestine campaign: Battle of Megiddo *14 July 1918 – Sinai and Palestine campaign:

Battle of Abu Tellul The Battle of Abu Tellul (called the Affair of Abu Tellul by the British Battles Nomenclature Committee) was fought on 14 July 1918 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I after German and Ottoman Empire forces attacked the Briti ...

*June 1918 – First meeting between the

Zionist Zionism ( he, צִיּוֹנוּת ''Tsiyyonut'' after '' Zion'') is a nationalist movement that espouses the establishment of, and support for a homeland for the Jewish people centered in the area roughly corresponding to what is known in Je ...

leader

Chaim Weizmann Chaim Azriel Weizmann ( he, חיים עזריאל ויצמן ', russian: Хаим Евзорович Вейцман, ''Khaim Evzorovich Veytsman''; 27 November 1874 – 9 November 1952) was a Russian-born biochemist, Zionist leader and Israe ...

and the son of the

Sharif of Mecca The Sharif of Mecca ( ar, شريف مكة, Sharīf Makkah) or Hejaz ( ar, شريف الحجاز, Sharīf al-Ḥijāz, links=no) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and ...

Hashemite The Hashemites ( ar, الهاشميون, al-Hāshimīyūn), also House of Hashim, are the royal family of Jordan, which they have ruled since 1921, and were the royal family of the kingdoms of Hejaz (1916–1925), Syria (1920), and Iraq (1921� ...

Prince Faisal, who led the Arab forces in the

Arab Revolt The Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية, ) or the Great Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية الكبرى, ) was a military uprising of Arab forces against the Ottoman Empire in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On ...

against the Ottoman Empire during the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, which takes place in Faisal's headquarters in

Aqaba Aqaba (, also ; ar, العقبة, al-ʿAqaba, al-ʿAgaba, ) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba. Situated in southernmost Jordan, Aqaba is the administrative centre of the Aqaba Govern ...

in an attempt to establish favourable relations between

Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...

and

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

in the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europ ...

. *4 April 1918 – The first edition of the Hebrew-language

daily newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports ...

" Haaretz" is published, sponsored by the British military government in Palestine. *1918: Forces of the

enter Damascus accompanied by

British troops The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurkhas ...

, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule. *8–26 December 1917: The British Sinai and Palestine Campaign:

Battle of Jerusalem The Battle of Jerusalem occurred during the British Empire's "Jerusalem Operations" against the Ottoman Empire, in World War I, when fighting for the city developed from 17 November, continuing after the surrender until 30 December 1917, to ...

– The Ottomans are defeated by the British forces at the Battle of Jerusalem. The

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...

's General Allenby enters

on foot, in a reference to the entrance of Caliph

Umar ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ( ar, عمر بن الخطاب, also spelled Omar, ) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate ...

in 637. *15 November 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign: British troops capture

Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the ...

and Jaffa. *2 November 1917: The Balfour Declaration is published in which the British Government declares its support for the establishment of a

Jewish national home A homeland for the Jewish people is an idea rooted in Jewish history, religion, and culture. The Jewish aspiration to return to Zion, generally associated with divine redemption, has suffused Jewish religious thought since the destruction o ...

in Palestine. *31 October-7 November 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign:

Third Battle of Gaza The Third Battle of Gaza was fought on the night of 1–2 November 1917 between British and Ottoman forces during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I and came after the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory at the ...

– British forces capture Gaza and break the Turkish defensive line in southern Palestine. *31 October 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign: Battle of Beersheba – Australian and New Zealand cavalry troops capture

Beersheba Beersheba or Beer Sheva, officially Be'er-Sheva ( he, בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע, ''Bəʾēr Ševaʿ'', ; ar, بئر السبع, Biʾr as-Sabʿ, Well of the Oath or Well of the Seven), is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel. ...

from the Turks. *6 July 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign: Arabian troops led by

T. E. Lawrence Thomas Edward Lawrence (16 August 1888 – 19 May 1935) was a British archaeologist, army officer, diplomat, and writer who became renowned for his role in the Arab Revolt (1916–1918) and the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1915–1918 ...

capture

from the Turks, and incorporate the territory into the Kingdom of Hejaz, under the rule of Prince Faisal. The capture of Aqaba helps open supply lines from Lower Egypt to the Arab and British forces in the field further north in Transjordan and Palestine, and more importantly alleviate a threat of a Turkish offensive against the strategically important Suez Canal. *19 April 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign:

Second Battle of Gaza The Second Battle of Gaza was fought on 17-19 April 1917, following the defeat of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) at the First Battle of Gaza in March, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War. Gaza was defended by ...

– Turkey repels British assault on Gaza-

line. *6 April 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign: The Tel Aviv and Jaffa deportation – The Ottoman authorities deport the entire civilian population of Jaffa and

pursuant to the order from Ahmed Jamal Pasha, the military governor of Ottoman Syria during the

. Although the Muslim evacuees are allowed to return before long, the Jewish evacuees were not able to return until after the British conquest of Palestine. *26 March 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign:

First Battle of Gaza The First Battle of Gaza was fought on 26 March 1917 during the first attempt by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF), which was a British Empire military formation, formed on 10 March 1916 under the command of General Archibald Murray from th ...

– British fail to advance into Palestine after 17,000 Turkish troops block their advance. *9 January 1917: Sinai and Palestine campaign:

Battle of Rafa The Battle of Rafa, also known as the Action of Rafah, fought on 9 January 1917, was the third and final battle to complete the recapture of the Sinai Peninsula by British forces during the Sinai and Palestine campaign of the First World War. T ...

–

British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...

forces defeat the Turks in

Rafah Rafah ( ar, رفح, Rafaḥ) is a Palestinian city in the southern Gaza Strip. It is the district capital of the Rafah Governorate, located south of Gaza City. Rafah's population of 152,950 (2014) is overwhelmingly made up of former Palestini ...

and complete the re-conquest of the

Sinai Peninsula The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (now usually ) (, , cop, Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is ...

. *1916: The Mutasarrifiyet of Mount Lebanon is abolished. *June 1916: Grand Sharif Hussein, the

who shared with his fellow Arabs a strong dislike for his Ottoman overlords, enters into an alliance with the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

and

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

against the Ottomans and soon thereafter commences what would become known as The Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule. *16 May 1916:

Britain Britain most often refers to: * The United Kingdom, a sovereign state in Europe comprising the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands * Great Britain, the largest island in the United King ...

and

conclude the secret Sykes-Picot Agreement, which defines their respective

spheres of influence In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence (SOI) is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military or political exclusivity. While there may be a formal al ...

and control in

Western Asia Western Asia, West Asia, or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost subregion of the larger geographical region of Asia, as defined by some academics, UN bodies and other institutions. It is almost entirely a part of the Middle East, and includes Ana ...

after the expected demise of the

after

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. It was largely a trade agreement with a large area set aside for indirect control through an Arab state or a confederation of Arab states. *March–October 1915: The 1915 locust plague breaks out in region. *28 January–3 February 1915: The British Sinai and Palestine Campaign:

First Suez Offensive The Raid on the Suez Canal, also known as Actions on the Suez Canal, took place between 26 January and 4 February 1915 when a German-led Ottoman Army force advanced from Southern Palestine to attack the British Empire-protected Suez Canal, mar ...

– A battle between the forces of the

and the

in which the Turks fail in their attempt to capture or destroy the Suez Canal and are forced to withdraw their forces. The canal was vital to the British war effort. *1915–1917:

Famine A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, caused by several factors including war, natural disasters, crop failure, population imbalance, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompani ...

in Syria resulting in up to 500,000 deaths due to severe shortage of supplies. *1914: Ottomans fight on the side of the

Central Powers The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,german: Mittelmächte; hu, Központi hatalmak; tr, İttifak Devletleri / ; bg, Централни сили, translit=Tsentralni sili was one of the two main coalitions that fought in ...

. *May 1909:

Hauran Druze Rebellion The Hauran Druze Rebellion was a violent Druze uprising against Ottoman authority in the Syrian province, which erupted in 1909. The rebellion was led by the al-Atrash family, in an aim to gain independence, but ended in brutal suppression of th ...

erupts. *11 April 1909:

was founded on the outskirts of the ancient

port city A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ha ...

of Jaffa. *1 September 1908: The Hejaz Railway opens. *1901: The Jewish National Fund was founded at the Fifth

Zionist Congress The Zionist Congress was established in 1897 by Theodor Herzl as the supreme organ of the Zionist Organization (ZO) and its legislative authority. In 1960 the names were changed to World Zionist Congress ( he, הקונגרס הציוני העו ...

with the aim of buying and developing land in the Galilee Palestine regions of Ottoman Syria for Jewish settlement. *1900–1908: Hejaz Railway: construction of Railroad Damascus-

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the second-holiest city in Islam, and the capital of the ...

Notable births

1853 *

Musa al-Husayni Musa Kazim Pasha al-Husayni ( ar, موسى كاظم الحسيني, ) (1853 in Jerusalem – 27 March 1934) held a series of senior posts in the Ottoman administration. He belonged to the prominent al-Husayni family and was mayor of Jerusalem ( ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1934). 1856 *

Yaakov Meir Yaakov Meir CBE (1856–1939), was an Orthodox rabbi, and the first Sephardic Chief Rabbi appointed under the British Mandate of Palestine. A Talmudic scholar, fluent in Hebrew as well as five other languages, he enjoyed a reputation as one of Je ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish rabbi, first Sephardic Chief Rabbi of

Mandatory Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...

(d. 1939). 1858 * Yosef Navon (b.

), Palestinian Jewish businessman who financed the construction of the

Jaffa–Jerusalem railway The Jaffa–Jerusalem railway (also J & J) is a railway that connected Jaffa and Jerusalem. The line was built in the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem (Ottoman Syria) by the French company ''Société du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa à Jérusalem et P ...

(d. 1934). 1870 * Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche (b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish entrepreneur, businessman, industrialist, and pioneer (d. 1934). 1874 *2 March –

Yeshayahu Press Yeshayahu Press (March 2, 1874 – June 11, 1955) was a prominent researcher of the land of Israel. He was born in Jerusalem, which his father, Haim Press, helped build. Givat Yeshayahu was named after him. He wrote ''Topographical-Historical En ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli researcher (d. 1955). * Khalil Beidas (b. Nazareth), Palestinian Arab scholar and novelist (d. 1949). 1876 * Pinchas David Horowitz (b.

), Palestinian Jewish-born American Hasidic rabbi (d. 1941). *

Akiva Librecht Akiva Librecht ( he, עקיבא ליברכט) (1876 – March 3, 1958) was a founding member of Petah Tikva, Israel, and a member of its first council, which he headed in 1912–13. He was also a member of the Kfar Saba council. Librecht was bor ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli Zionist activist and pioneer (d. 1958). 1880 *23 May –

Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel (, born 23 May 1880, died 4 September 1953), sometimes rendered as Ouziel, was the Sephardi chief rabbi of Mandatory Palestine from 1939 to 1948, and of Israel from 1948 until his death in 1953. Biography Ben-Zion Meir Ha ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi, Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Mandatory Palestine and Israel (d. 1953). *18 August –

Ya'akov Moshe Toledano Rabbi Ya'akov Moshe Toledano ( he, יעקב משה טולדאנו, 18 August 1880 – 15 October 1960) was an Israeli rabbi who served as Religious Services Minister of Israel, Minister of Religions for two brief periods between 1958 and 1960. He ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi, and Israeli cabinet minister (d. 1960). 1881 *

Raghib al-Nashashibi Raghib al-Nashashibi ( ar, راغب النشاشيبي, ) (1881–1951), CBE (hon), was a wealthy landowner and public figure during the Ottoman Empire, the British Mandate and the Jordanian administration. He was a member of the Nashashibi clan ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab landowner and public figure (d. 1951). 1882 *31 July –

Itamar Ben-Avi Itamar Ben-Avi (; []; 31 July 1882 – 8 April 1943) was the first native speaker of modern Hebrew, Hebrew in modern times. He was a journalist and Zionism, Zionist activist. Biography Itamar Ben-Avi was born as Ben-Zion Ben-Yehuda in Jerusalem ...

(b.

), Palestinian-Jewish activist for Zionist causes, son of

Eliezer Ben-Yehuda Eliezer Ben‑Yehuda ( he, אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֵּן־יְהוּדָה}; ; born Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman, 7 January 1858 – 16 December 1922) was a Russian–⁠Jewish linguist, grammarian, and journalist, renowned as the lexicographer of ...

and first native speaker of

Modern Hebrew Modern Hebrew ( he, עברית חדשה, ''ʿivrít ḥadašá ', , '' lit.'' "Modern Hebrew" or "New Hebrew"), also known as Israeli Hebrew or Israeli, and generally referred to by speakers simply as Hebrew ( ), is the standard form of the H ...

(d. 1943). *19 November –

Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Izz ad-Din Abd al-Qadar ibn Mustafa ibn Yusuf ibn Muhammad al-Qassam (1881 or 19 December 1882 – 20 November 1935) ( ar, عز الدين بن عبد القادر بن مصطفى بن يوسف بن محمد القسام / ALA-LC: ) was a Syria ...

(b.

Jableh ) , settlement_type = City , motto = , image_skyline = Jableh Collage.jpg , imagesize = 250px , image_caption = General view of city and port • Roman Amphitheater• A ...

, Ottoman Syria), Muslim cleric, founder of the militant

Black Hand Black Hand or The Black Hand may refer to: Extortionists and underground groups * Black Hand (anarchism) (''La Mano Negra''), a presumed secret, anarchist organization based in the Andalusian region of Spain during the early 1880s * Black Hand (e ...

movement in Palestine (d. 1935). * Kamel al-Budeiri (b.

), Palestinian Arab politician and political activist (d. 1923). 1883 * Jamil al-Ulshi (b. Damascus), Syrian Arab politician and acting head of state during the French Mandate era (d. 1951). *17 July – Avraham-Haim Shag (b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli politician (d. 1958). 1885 *

Avraham Elmalih Avraham Elmalih ( he, אברהם אלמליח, 1885''Encyclopaedia Judaica'', 1971 Edition, Volume 6, page 682. – 2 April 1967) was a journalist, Zionist activist and Israeli politician. Biography Born in Jerusalem, Elmalih was educated in ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli journalist, community leader, Zionist activist and Israeli politician (d. 1967). 1886 *18 September –

Yehuda Burla Yehuda Burla ( he, יהודה בורלא; born 18 September 1886, died 7 November 1969) was an Israeli author. Biography Burla was born in 1886 in Jerusalem, then part of the Ottoman Empire, to a Sephardi Jewish family with rabbinical roots, or ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli educator and author (d. 1969). 1887 *2 August – Gad Frumkin (b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli jurist, only Jewish judge on the Supreme Court of

(d. 1960). 1888 *''Approximately'' –

Yisroel Ber Odesser Rabbi Yisroel Dov Ber Odesser ( he, ישראל דב בער אדסר) (approx. 1888 – 23 October 1994), also known as Reb Odesser or Sabba ("grandfather" in Hebrew language, Hebrew), was a Breslov (Hasidic group), Breslover Hasidic Judaism, ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi (d. 1994). *4 August –

Yitzhaq Shami Yitzhaq Shami ( he, יצחק שמי) (August 4, 1888 – March 1, 1949) was a Palestinian Jewish and Israeli writer, who wrote both in Arabic and Hebrew. He is one of the earliest modern Hebrew literature writers in Palestine, prior to Israeli s ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli writer (d. 1949). *

Alexander Aaronsohn Alexander Aaronsohn ( he, אלכסנדר אהרנסון; Zikhron Ya'akov, September 28, 1888–Nice, May 28, 1948) was an author and activist who wrote about the plight of people living in Palestine in his book, ''With the Turks in Palestine''. ...

(b.

Zikhron Ya'akov Zikhron Ya'akov ( he, זִכְרוֹן יַעֲקֹב, ''lit.'' "Jacob's Memorial"; often shortened to just ''Zikhron'') is a town in Israel, south of Haifa, and part of the Haifa District. It is located at the southern end of the Carmel mounta ...

), Jewish author and activist in Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine (d. 1948). * Saleh Suleiman (b.

Reineh Reineh (; ) is an Arab town in northern Israel. Located in the Galilee,Mokary, 2017Er-Reina/ref> between Nazareth and Qana of Galilee, it attained local council status in 1968. In it had a population of , the majority of whom are Muslims (85%), ...

), Israeli-Arab politician (d. 1980). * Izzat Darwaza (b. Nablus), Palestinian Arab politician, historian, and educator (d. 1984). 1889 *11 October –

Yosef Yoel Rivlin Yosef Yoel Rivlin (, 11 October 1889–April 15, 1971) was an Israeli Oriental studies scholar, a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and a member of the Academy of the Hebrew Language. Biography Yosef Yoel Rivlin was born in J ...

(b.

) Israeli scholar (d. 1971). *23 October –

Avshalom Feinberg Avshalom Feinberg ( he, אבשלום פיינברג, 23 October 1889 – 20 January 1917) was one of the leaders of Nili, a Jewish spy network in Ottoman Palestine helping the British fight the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Feinberg wa ...

(b. Gedera), Palestinian Jewish spy, member of the

Nili NILI was a Jewish espionage network which assisted the United Kingdom in its fight against the Ottoman Empire in Palestine between 1915 and 1917, during World War I. NILI is an acronym which stands for the Hebrew phrase "Netzah Yisrael Lo Yesha ...

spying network during

(d. 1917). *24 December –

Ovadia Hedaya Ovadia Hedaya ( he, , 24 December 1889 – 8 February 1969) was a leading Israeli rabbi. Biography Rabbi Hadaya was born in 1889 in Aleppo, Ottoman Syria, to rabbi Shalom Hedaya. In 1945, he succeeded his father as head of Yeshivat Ha ...

(b. Aleppo), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi (d. 1969). *

Awni Abd al-Hadi Awni Abd al-Hadi, ( ar, عوني عبد الهادي) aka Auni Bey Abdel Hadi (1889, Nablus, Ottoman Empire – 15 March 1970, Cairo, Egypt) was a Palestinian political figure. He was educated in Beirut, Istanbul, and at the Sorbonne University ...

(b. Nablus), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1970). * Rushdi al-Shawwa (b. Gaza), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1965). 1890 *5 January –

Sarah Aaronsohn Sarah Aaronsohn ( he, שרה אהרונסון; 5 January 1890 – 9 October 1917) was a member of Nili, a ring of Jewish spies working for the British in World War I, and a sister of agronomist Aaron Aaronsohn. She is often referred to as the ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish spy, member of the Nili spying network (d. 1917). *3 May –

Avraham Chaim Naeh Avraham Chaim Naeh (3 May 1890 – 21 July 1954) was a Lubavitcher chassidApprobations to ''Ketzos ha-Shulchan''. and major '' posek'' ( halachic authority) active during the first half of twentieth century. He is most famous for his works ''Ketzo ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi and

posek In Jewish law, a ''Posek'' ( he, פוסק , pl. ''poskim'', ) is a legal scholar who determines the position of ''halakha'', the Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah in cases of Jewish law where previous authorities a ...

(d. 1954). * Asher Mizrahi (b.

), Jewish tenor singer and musician in

Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...

(d. 1967). 1891 *1 August – Eliyahu Hacarmeli (b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli politician (d. 1952). 1892 *7 April – Moshe Chelouche (b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli politician and businessman, mayor of

for ten days (d. 1968). *24 September -

Tawfiq Canaan Tawfiq Canaan ( ar, توفيق كنعان) (24 September 1882 – 15 January 1964) was a pioneering Palestinian physician, medical researcher, ethnographer, and Palestinian nationalist. Born in Beit Jala during the rule of the Ottoman Empire, he s ...

(b. Beit Jala), Palestinian Arab physician, medical researcher, and nationalist (d. 1964). *

Aref al-Aref Aref al-Aref ( ar, عارف العارف, 1892–1973), variously spelled as Arif el Arif, 'Arif el-'Arif, etc., was a Palestinian journalist, historian and politician. He served as mayor of East Jerusalem in the 1950s during the Jordanian annex ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab journalist, historian, and politician (d. 1973). 1893 * 13 August – Gad Machnes (b. Petah Tikva), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli politician and businessman (d. 1954). 1894 *25 April – Esther Raab (b. Petah Tikva), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli author and poet (d. 1981). *

Amram Blau Amram Blau (1894–1974) was a Haredi rabbi in Mandatory Palestine and Israel. He was one of the founders of the fiercely Anti-Zionist Neturei Karta. Biography Blau was born in Jerusalem into the city's Hungarian Jewish community. His father ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi, noted anti-Zionist activist and co-founder of

Neturei Karta Neturei Karta (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: , , ) is a religious group of Haredi Jews, formally created in Jerusalem, then in Mandatory Palestine, in 1938, splitting off from Agudas Yisrael. Neturei Karta opposes Zionism and calls for a "pea ...

(d. 1974). *

Jamal al-Husayni Jamal al-Husayni (1894-1982) ( ar, جمال الحُسيني), was born in Jerusalem and was a member of the highly influential and respected Husayni family. Husayni served as Secretary to the Executive Committee of the Palestine Arab Congress ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1982). * Stephan Hanna Stephan (b. Beit Jala), Palestinian Arab writer, translator, and radio broadcaster (d. 1949). 1895 *

Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit ( he, בכור-שלום שטרית, 1895 – 28 January 1967) was an Israeli politician, minister and the only signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence to have been born in the country. He served as Minister o ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish police commander and Israeli cabinet minister (d. 1967). *13 October – Menachem Mendel Monsohn (b.

), Palestinian Jewish born American rabbi (d. 1953). 1896 *

Israel Rokach Israel Rokach, Honorary CBE ( he, ישראל רוקח; December 31, 1896 – September 13, 1959) was an Israeli politician, Knesset member, and fourth mayor of Tel Aviv from November 15, 1936 until April 13, 1953. Biography Israel Rokach was bo ...

(b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli politician, second mayor of

(d. 1959). * Avshalom Gissin (b. Petah Tikva), Palestinian Jewish Ottoman Army officer and activist in local defense for Zionist pioneers (d. 1921). *

Yitzhak Arieli Yitzhak Arieli ( he, יצחק אריאלי; born 1896, died 5 April 1974) was a leading Israeli rabbi. Biography Arieli was born in 1896 in the Old City (Jerusalem), Old City of Jerusalem, which was then part of the Ottoman Empire, and studied at ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi (d. 1974). *

Mordechai Weingarten Mordechai Weingarten ( he, מרדכי ויינגרטן; 1896-1964) was a Jewish community leader in Jerusalem during the British Mandate. Mordechai Weingarten was born in the Old City of Jerusalem to a family which had lived in the courtyard of ...

(b.

), Jewish community leader in Jerusalem during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War,

mukhtar A mukhtar ( ar, مختار, mukhtār, chosen one; el, μουχτάρης) is a village chief in the Levant: "an old institution that goes back to the time of the Ottoman rule". According to Amir S. Cheshin, Bill Hutman and Avi Melamed, the muk ...

of Jerusalem's Jewish Quarter (d. 1964). * Mohamed Ali Eltaher (b. Nablus), Palestinian Arab journalist (d. 1974). 1897 *3 May -

Musa Alami Musa Alami (3 May 1897 – 8 June 1984) ( ar, موسى العلمي, ) was a prominent Palestinian nationalist and politician. Due to Alami having represented Palestine at various Arab conferences, in the 1940s, he was viewed by many as the le ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1984). *7 June – David Tidhar (b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli police officer, private detective, and author (d. 1970). *23 July - Radi Annab (b. Nablus), Palestinian-born Jordanian military officer (d. 1993). *20 December – Netanel Hochberg (b.

Ness Ziona Ness Ziona ( he, נֵס צִיּוֹנָה, ''Nes Tziyona'') is a town in central Israel. In it had a population of , and its jurisdiction was 15,579 dunams (). History Early history Lying within Ness Ziona's city bounds is the ruin of an Arab vi ...

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli agronomist (d. 1983). *

Amin al-Husseini Mohammed Amin al-Husseini ( ar, محمد أمين الحسيني 1897 – 4 July 1974) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader in Mandatory Palestine. Al-Husseini was the scion of the al-Husayni family of Jerusalemite Arab notab ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab nationalist leader

Grand Mufti of Jerusalem The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem is the Sunni Muslim cleric in charge of Jerusalem's Islamic holy places, including the Al-Aqsa Mosque. The position was created by the British military government led by Ronald Storrs in 1918.See Islamic Leadershi ...

(d. 1974). 1898 *24 February –

Yaakov Ades Yaakov Hai Zion Ades ( he, יעקב חי ציון עדס, February 24, 1898 – July 19, 1963), also spelled Adas or Adess, was a Sephardi Hakham, Rosh Yeshiva, and Rabbinical High Court judge. As rosh yeshiva of Porat Yosef Yeshiva in Jerus ...

(b.

), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli rabbi, rosh yeshiva, and dayan (d. 1963). * Moshe Ben-Ami (b.

), Israeli politician and lawyer (d. 1960). * Amin Tarif (b.

Julis Julis ( ar, جولس ''Jūlis'', he, ג'וּלִס ''G'ulis'') is a Druze village and local council in the Northern District of Israel. In it had a population of . Etymology According to local legend, the name is derived from "Julius," the na ...

), Palestinian and Israeli Druze leader (d. 1993). *20 October – Yehiel R. Elyachar (b.

), Palestinian Jewish-born American engineer, real estate developer, and philanthropist (d. 1989). 1899 * Eliyahu Elyashar (b.

), Israeli politician and writer (d. 1981). *

Yaqub al-Ghusayn Yaqub al-Ghussein ( ar, يعقوب الغصين, ) (1899-1948) was a Palestinian landowner from Ramla and founder of the Youth Congress Party. He graduated in law from the University of Cambridge. Ghussein was elected president of the first Natio ...

(b.

Ramla Ramla or Ramle ( he, רַמְלָה, ''Ramlā''; ar, الرملة, ''ar-Ramleh'') is a city in the Central District of Israel. Today, Ramle is one of Israel's mixed cities, with both a significant Jewish and Arab populations. The city was f ...

), Palestinian Arab politician (d. 1948). 1900 *16 December – Avraham Kalfon (b.

), Israeli politician (d. 1983). * Yusuf Abu Durra (b.

Silat al-Harithiya Silat al-Harithiya ( ar, سيلة الحارثية) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate, located northwest of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics census, the town had a populatio ...

), Palestinian Arab rebel commander (d. 1940). 1902 *27 January –

Yosef Sapir Yosef Sapir ( he, יוסף ספיר; January 27, 1902 – February 26, 1972) was an Israeli politician and Knesset member of the 1st to 7th Knessets. He served as head of the General Zionists and was a founding member of the Gahal party. Sapi ...

(b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish politician and Israeli cabinet minister (d. 1972). *2 February –

Eliyahu Sasson Eliyahu Sasson ( he, אליהו ששון, 2 February 1902 – 8 October 1978) was an Israeli politician and minister. Biography Eliyahu Sasson was born in Damascus in Ottoman Syria. He studied at an Alliance School in his hometown and the ...

(b. Damascus), Palestinian Jewish politician and Israeli cabinet minister (d. 1978). 1903 *22 July –

Ami Assaf Ami Assaf (, born Ami Vilkomitz; 22 July 1903 – 17 May 1963) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Mapai from 1949 until 1961. Biography Born in Rosh Pinna, Assaf attended Herzliya Gymnasium. After finishing ...

(b.

Rosh Pinna Rosh Pina or Rosh Pinna ( he, רֹאשׁ פִּנָּה, lit. ''Cornerstone'') is a local council in the Korazim Plateau in the Upper Galilee on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an in the Northern District of Israel. It was established as Gei ...

Upper Galilee The Upper Galilee ( he, הגליל העליון, ''HaGalil Ha'Elyon''; ar, الجليل الأعلى, ''Al Jaleel Al A'alaa'') is a geographical-political term in use since the end of the Second Temple period. It originally referred to a mounta ...

), Palestinian Jewish community leader and Israeli politician (d. 1963). *2 August –

Ezra Danin Ezra Danin (; 2 August 1903- 31 May 1984) was the head of the Arab section of the SHAI, the intelligence arm of the Haganah, Israeli politician and an orange grower. Danin specialized in Arab affairs. Biography Danin was born in Jaffa. His father ...

(b. Jaffa), Israeli politician and Haganah intelligence officer (d. 1984). 1905 *23 July -

Oved Ben-Ami Oved Ben-Ami (July 23, 1905 – October 17, 1988; Hebrew: עובד בן עמי) was an Israeli politician and businessman. He was one of the founders of the cities of Netanya and Ashdod and was a longtime mayor of Netanya. He was also among the ke ...

(b. Petah Tikva), Israeli politician and businessman, Zionist settlement activist and first mayor of Netanya (d. 1988). 1906 * Mahmud Al-Nashaf (b.

Zvi Berenson Zvi Berenson (Hebrew: צבי ברנזון, February 26, 1907 – January 30, 2001) was an Israeli jurist who served as a judge on the Supreme Court of Israel. He was one of the writers of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948. Early lif ...

(b. Safed), Israeli jurist, judge on the Supreme Court of Israel and writer of the first draft of the Israeli Declaration of Independence (d. 2001). *10 June – Ezra Ichilov (b. Petah Tikva), Palestinian Jewish community leader and Israeli politician (d. 1961). * Benjamin Shwadran (b.

), Israeli historian (d. 2001). * Reuben Alcalay (b.

), Israeli lexicographer (d. 1976). *

Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni ( ar, عبد القادر الحسيني), also spelled Abd al-Qader al-Husseini (1907 – 8 April 1948) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and fighter who in late 1933 founded the secret militant group known as the Orga ...

(b.

), Palestinian Arab nationalist leader (died 1948). 1908 *16 July –

Yizhar Harari Yizhar Harari (, 16 July 1908 – 1 February 1978) was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician. Biography Harari was born in Jaffa, then under Ottoman rule. He studied political science and journalism at the University of Paris and then law at ...

(b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish activist and Israeli politician (d. 1978). * Ya'akov Gil (b.

), Israeli politician and rabbi (d. 1990). 1909 *25 March – Elyakum Ostashinski (b. Petah Tikva), Israeli politician (d. 1983). *27 July – Rachel Tzabari (b.

), Israeli politician (d. 1995). *23 October –

Avraham Biran Avraham Biran ( he, אברהם בירן, born 23 October 1909 – 16 September 2008) was an Israeli archaeologist, best known for heading excavations at Tel Dan in northern Israel. He headed the Institute of Archaeology at Hebrew Union College in ...

(b. Petah Tikva), Israeli Jewish archaeologist (d. 2008). *13 December –

Amnon Harlap Amnon Harlap ( he, אמנון חרל"פ, born 13 December 1909 - died 29 May 2006) was an Israeli footballer, who played for Hapoel Tel Aviv and the Mandatory Palestine national football team. Playing career Harlap was born in Rehovot in 1909, an ...

(b. Rehovot), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli footballer (d. 2006). *20 December –

Reuven Shiloah Reuven Shiloah ( he, ראובן שילוח; December 1909 – 1959) was the first Director of the Mossad from 1949 to 1953. Biography Reuven Zaslani (later Shiloah) was born in Ottoman-ruled Jerusalem. His father was a rabbi. Shiloah married ...

(b.

), Israeli intelligence officer, first director of Mossad (d. 1959). * Moshe Castel (b.

), Israeli painter (d. 1991). 1910 *13 January – Yehuda Tzadka (b.

), Israeli rabbi (d. 1991). *15 April – Bracha Zefira (b.

), Israeli folk singer, songwriter, musicologist, and actress (d. 1990). *20 July – Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (b.

), Israeli Haredi rabbi (d. 1995). *5 October – Avraham Nudelman (b. Jaffa), Palestinian Jewish and Israeli footballer (d. 1985). * Shoshana Shababo (b.

), Israeli writer (d. 1992). * Sara Levi-Tanai (b.

), Israeli choreographer (d. 2005). * Tarab Abdul Hadi (b. Jenin), Palestinian Arab feminist activist (d. 1976). * Faras Hamdan (b.

Baqa al-Gharbiyye Baqa al-Gharbiyye ( ar, باقة الغربية, he, באקה אל-גרביה, בָּקַה אל-עַ'רְבִּיָּה; lit. ''Baqa West'') is a predominantly Arab city in the "Triangle" region of Israel near the Green Line. In 2003, Baqa al-G ...

), Israeli-Arab politician (d. 1966). 1911 *16 January – Mordechai Benshemesh (b.

) Palestinian Jewish born Australian architect (d. 1993). *5 March – Binyamin Kahane (b. Jaffa) Israeli pilot who pioneered prominent aerial tactics (d. 1956). *8 November –

Yair Sprinzak Professor Yair Sprinzak ( he, יאיר שפרינצק, 8 November 1911 – 6 September 1999) was an Israeli scientist and politician who served as a Knesset for Moledet between 1988 and 1992. Biography Born in Tel Aviv during the Ottoman era, S ...

(b.

) Israeli scientist and politician (d. 1999). * Diyab Obeid (b.

Tayibe Tayibe, also spelled Taibeh or Tayiba, ( ar, الطيبة, lit=the kind/benevolent, translit=aṭ-Ṭayyibah, South Levantine pronunciation: ; he, טַיִּבָּה) is an Arab city in central Israel, north east of Kfar Saba.Sholom Schwadron Sholom Mordechai Hakohen Schwadron ( he, הרב שלום מרדכי הכהן שבדרון) (1912–21 December 1997) was a Haredi rabbi and orator. He was known as the "Maggid of Jerusalem" for his fiery, inspirational mussar talks. Some of ...

(b.

), Israeli

Haredi Haredi Judaism ( he, ', ; also spelled ''Charedi'' in English; plural ''Haredim'' or ''Charedim'') consists of groups within Orthodox Judaism that are characterized by their strict adherence to ''halakha'' (Jewish law) and traditions, in oppos ...

rabbi (d. 1997). *29 May – Yehoshua Bar-Yosef (b. Safed), Israeli writer (d. 1992). 1913 *25 October –

Avraham Yoffe Avraham Yoffe ( he, אברהם יפה, born 25 October 1913, died 11 April 1983) was an Israel general during the Six-Day War. He later entered politics, and served as a member of the Knesset for Likud between 1974 and 1977. Biography Yoffe wa ...

(b.

Yavne'el Yavne'el ( he, יַבְנְאֵל, ar, يفنيئيل) is a moshava and local council in the Northern District of Israel. Founded in 1901, it is one of the oldest rural Jewish communities in the country. According to the Israel Central Bureau o ...

), Israeli military officer and politician (d. 1983). *12 March – Ya'akov Frank (b.

), Israeli politician (d. 1993). *

Aaron Valero Aaron Valero (1913–2000) was an Israeli physician and educator who helped establish hospitals and medical schools, authored medical publications and contributed greatly to the advancement of medical education in Israel in the latter half of t ...

(b.

), Israeli physician and educator (d. 2000). * Elias Nakhleh (b.

Rameh Rameh ( ar, الرامة; he, רָמָה; alternatively spelled ar-Rame or ar-Rama) is an Arab town in the Northern District of Israel. Located east of Nahf and Karmiel, in it had a population of . Over half of the inhabitants are Christians, ...

), Israeli-Arab politician (d. 1990). 1914 *23 January – Yehuda Cohen (b. Safed), Israeli Jewish Supreme Court justice (d. 2009). *20 May –

Avraham Shapira Avraham Shapira ( he, אברהם אלקנה כהנא שפירא; 20 May 1914, Jerusalem – 27 September 2007) was a prominent rabbi in the Religious Zionist world. Shapira had been the head of the Rabbinical court of Jerusalem, and both a ...

(b.

), Israeli rabbi, Ashkenazi chief rabbi of Israel (d. 2007). *24 October – Dov Yermiya (b. Beit Gan), Israeli military officer and political activist (d. 2016). *14 November – Shmuel Tankus (b. Jaffa), Israeli military officer, fifth commander of the

Israeli Navy The Israeli Navy ( he, חיל הים הישראלי, ''Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli'' (English: The Israeli Sea Corps); ar, البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in ...

(d. 2012). *8 December –

Ruth Amiran Ruth Amiran ( he, רות עמירן; 1914 – December 14, 2005), née Brandstetter, was an Israeli archaeologist whose book ''Ancient Pottery of the Holy Land: From Its Beginnings in the Neolithic Period to the End of the Iron Age'' which was p ...

(b.

), Israeli archaeologist (d. 2005). 1915 *4 January – Benjamin Elazari Volcani (b.

Ben Shemen Ben Shemen ( he, בֶּן שֶׁמֶן, ''lit.'' very fruitful) is a moshav in central Israel. Located around four kilometres east of Lod, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In it had a population of . Etymolog ...

), Israeli-American biologist (d. 1999). *20 May – Moshe Dayan (b. Kibbutz Degania Alef, Lower Galilee), Israeli Jewish military officer and cabinet minister (d. 1981). *23 June – Oded Burla (b.

), Israeli writer, poet, and artist (d. 2009). *10 December –

Eliezer Waldenberg Eliezer Yehuda Waldenberg ( he, הרב אליעזר יהודה וולדנברג; December 10, 1915 – November 21, 2006) was a rabbi, posek, and dayan in Jerusalem. He is known as a leading authority on medicine and Jewish law and referred to as ...

(b.

), Israeli Haredi rabbi and dayan (d. 2006). 1916 *2 April –

Menachem Porush Menachem Porush ( he, מנחם פרוש, 2 April 1916 – 22 February 2010) was an Israelis, Israel politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Agudat Yisrael and its alliances between 1959 and 1975, and again from 1977 until 1994. ...

(b.

), Israeli

ultra-Orthodox Haredi Judaism ( he, ', ; also spelled ''Charedi'' in English; plural ''Haredim'' or ''Charedim'') consists of groups within Orthodox Judaism that are characterized by their strict adherence to ''halakha'' (Jewish law) and traditions, in oppos ...

Jewish politician (d. 2010). *27 September – S. Yizhar (b. Rehovot), Israeli Jewish author (d. 2006). *

Zahara Schatz Zahara Schatz ( he, זהרה ש"ץ; 1916–1999), was an Israeli artist and designer. She was the daughter of Boris Schatz, who founded the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem. She was best known for the six-branched Temple menorah ...

(b.

), Israeli Jewish painter and sculptor (d. 1999). * Binyamin Shahor (b.

), Israeli Jewish politician (d. 1979). 1917 *6 March –

Ruth Dayan Ruth Dayan ( he, רות דיין; 6 March 1917 – 5 February 2021) was an Israeli social activist who was the founder of the Maskit fashion house. She was also the first wife of Israeli Foreign Minister and General, Moshe Dayan (1915–1981). A ...

(b.

), Israeli social activist, founder of the

Maskit Maskit ( he, משכית) is an Israeli fashion house founded in 1954 by Ruth Dayan, the first wife of Moshe Dayan. It was the first fashion house in Israel. Maskit produces textiles, clothing, objets d’art, and jewelry. Etymology The Hebr ...

fashion house, and widow of Moshe Dayan (d. 2021). *21 March –

Yigael Yadin Yigael Yadin ( he, יִגָּאֵל יָדִין ) (20 March 1917 – 28 June 1984) was an Israeli archeologist, soldier and politician. He was the second Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces and Deputy Prime Minister from 1977 to 1981. B ...

(b.

), Israeli Jewish archeologist, military officer and cabinet minister (d. 1984). *17 May –

Tony Cliff Tony Cliff (born Yigael Glückstein, he, יגאל גליקשטיין; 20 May 1917 – 9 April 2000) was a Trotskyist activist. Born to a Jewish family in Palestine, he moved to Britain in 1947 and by the end of the 1950s had assumed the pen na ...

(b.

), originally Yigael Gluckstein, Palestinian Jewish born

Trotskyite Trotskyism is the political ideology and branch of Marxism developed by Ukrainian-Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky and some other members of the Left Opposition and Fourth International. Trotsky self-identified as an orthodox Marxist, a ...

activist in Britain (d. 2000). *8 June – David Coren (b.

), Israeli Jewish politician (d. 2011). *17 July –

Yehoshua Zettler Yehoshua Zettler (July 15, 1917 – May 20, 2009; last name also spelled as Zeitler) was an Israeli who served as the Jerusalem commander of the Jewish paramilitary group Lehi, often called the Stern Gang. He conceived and planned the Septem ...

(b.

Kfar Saba Kfar Saba ( he, כְּפַר סָבָא), officially Kefar Sava, is a city in the Sharon region, of the Central District of Israel. In 2019 it had a population of 110,456, making it the 16th-largest city in Israel. The population of Kfar Saba i ...

), senior member of Jewish paramilitary group, Lehi, in

Mandate Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 i ...

(d. 2009). *25 December –

Yigal Mossinson Yigal Mossinson (alternate spellings include Igal Mossinsohn and Yigal Mosenzon) (25 December 1917 – 1 May 1994) was an Israeli novelist, playwright, and inventor. He was the author of the Hasamba children's book series. Among his many award ...

(b. Ein Ganim), Israeli novelist, playwright, and inventor (d. 1994). 1918 *4 January – Yossi Harel (b.

), Israeli military intelligence officer and pre-state Haganah member, commander of illegal Jewish immigrants ships including the

SS Exodus ''Exodus 1947'' was a packet steamship that was built in the United States in 1928 as ''President Warfield'' for the Baltimore Steam Packet Company. From her completion in 1928 until 1942 she carried passengers and freight across Chesapeake Bay b ...

(d. 2008). *30 January – Meir Meivar (b. Safed), Israeli politician and Haganah commander (d. 2000) *10 October –

Yigal Allon Yigal Allon ( he, יגאל אלון; 10 October 1918 – 29 February 1980) was an Israeli politician, commander of the Palmach, and general in the Israel Defense Forces, IDF. He served as one of the leaders of Ahdut HaAvoda party and the Labor P ...

(b.

Kfar Tavor Kfar Tavor ( he, כְּפַר תָּבוֹר, ar, كفر تافور) is a village in the Lower Galilee region of Northern Israel, at the foot of Mount Tabor. Founded in 1901, it was awarded local council status in 1949. In it had a population ...

, Lower Galilee), Israeli Jewish military officer and cabinet minister (d. 1980). *15 October –

Yigal Hurvitz Yigal Hurvitz ( he, יִגָּאֵל הורביץ; 15 October 1918 – 10 January 1994) was an Israeli politician who served as a government minister in the late 1970s and 1980s. Biography Hurvitz was born in Nahlat Yehuda (today part of Rishon ...

(b. Nahlat Yehuda), Israeli politician (d. 1994). 1919 *19 April – Haneh Hadad (b.

Jish Jish ( ar, الجش; he, גִ'שׁ, גּוּשׁ חָלָב, Jish, Gush Halav) is a local council in Upper Galilee, located on the northeastern slopes of Mount Meron, north of Safed, in Israel's Northern District. In it had a population of , ...

), Israeli-Arab politician and police officer (d. 2020). *8 May –

Aharon Remez Aluf Aharon Remez ( he, אהרן רמז, 8 May 1919 – 3 April 1994) was an Israeli civil servant, politician and diplomat, and the second commander of the Israeli Air Force. Biography Born in Tel Aviv in 1919, Remez's father David was Israel's ...

(b.

), Israeli politician and diplomat, and commander of the Israeli Air Force (d. 1994). *10 June –

Haidar Abdel-Shafi Haidar Abdel-Shafi (Heidar Abdul-Shafi) ( ar, حيدر عبد الشافي June 10, 1919 – September 25, 2007), was a Palestinian physician, community leader and political leader who was the head of the Palestinian delegation to the Madrid C ...

(b. Gaza), Palestinian political leader (d. 2007). *1 July – Nissim Eliad (b.

), Israeli politician (d. 2014). *5 August – Menachem Ratzon (b. Petah Tikva), Israeli politician (d. 1987). *Full date unknown – Hanna Ben Dov (b.

), Israeli painter (d. 2008). *Full date unknown – Ya'akov Mizrahi (b. Rehovot), Israeli politician (died 1979). *Full date unknown – Binyamin Gibli (b. Petah Tikva), Israeli military intelligence officer (d. 2008).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Ottoman Syria History Ottoman Palestine History of Ottoman Syria Ottoman period in Lebanon History of Jordan Syrian history timelines Ottoman Empire-related lists