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Battle Of Anjar
The Battle of Anjar was fought on 1 November 1623 between the army of Fakhr al-Din II and an coalition army led by the List of rulers of Damascus#Ottoman walis, governor of Damascus Mustafa Pasha. Background In 1623, Harfush dynasty, Yunus al-Harfush prohibited the Druze of the Chouf District, Chouf from cultivating their lands in the southern Beqaa, angering Fakhr al-Din. In August/September 1623 he stationed in the southern Beqaa Valley, Beqaa village of Qabb Ilyas and evicted the Harfush dynasty, Harfushes. Meanwhile, in June or July, the imperial authorities had replaced Fakhr al-Din's son Ali as sanjak-bey of Safed and replaced his other son Husayn and Mustafa Kethuda as the sanjak-beys of Ajlun and Nablus respectively with local opponents of Fakhr al-Din. The imperial authorities soon after restored the Ma'ns to Ajlun and Nablus, but not to Safed. The Ma'ns thereupon moved to assume control of Ajlun and Nablus, prompting Yunus al-Harfush to call on the janissary leader Kur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
César Gemayel
César Gemayel (b. 1898 Ain al Touffaha near Bikfaya, Ottoman Empire; died in Beirut, Lebanon in 1958) was a notable Lebanese painter, who helped to lay the foundations of a modern Lebanese art movement. Life and career Gemayel received his early art education from Khalil Saleeby in Beirut. Gemayel was a pre-eminently sensual artist. His themes - the female nude, glowing flowers, landscapes green and red, dances and "dabkés", the occasional epic evocation - are the product of his thirst for living expressed through painting. Along with artists, Mustafa Farrukh (1901-1957), Omar Onsi (1901-1969), Saliba Douaihy (Saliba Duwaihi) (b. 1915), Youssef Howayek, Daoud Corm (1852-1930), and Rachid Wehbi (Rachid Wahbah)(b. 1917), Gemayel is regarded as a pioneer, having laid the foundations for a modern art movement in Lebanon. These artists established originality and freedom of expression that had never before been seen in Lebanon. Zuhur, S. (ed.), ''Colors of Enchantment: Theat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qabb Ilyas
Qabb Ilyas ( ar, قب الياس; ALA-LC: ''Qab Ilyās'' / Lebanese Arabic: ) also spelled ''Kab Elias'', ''Qab Elias'', ''Qob Elias'', ''Qoub Elias'') is a municipality in Zahle District, in eastern Lebanon. Qabb Ilyas is 15 kilometers from Zahleh and from the Lebanese capital Beirut. Its average elevation above sea level is 950 meters (3,120 feet). Its area is approximately 32 km². Qabb Ilyas is the third largest city in the Beqaa Valley, after Zahleh and Baalbek in terms of area size and geography. The majority of the residents are Sunnis. Etymology According to the 19th-century Lebanese historian Haydar al-Shihabi, the town was originally called al-Muruj. Local tradition holds that the town's current name "Qabb Ilyas" is derived from ''Qabr Elias'' ("grave of Elias"), but was shortened over time to ''Qab Ilyas''. Elias was an 8th-century ''muqaddam'' from Mount Lebanon, who was killed during a raid in the Beqaa Valley by the forces of the Abbasid governor of Damascus. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majdal Anjar
Majdal Anjar ( ar, مجدل عنجر; also transliterated Majdel Anjar) is a village of Beqaa Governorate, Lebanon. Majdal Anjar is an overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim town. History In 1838, Eli Smith noted ''Mejdel 'Anjar '' as a Sunni Muslim village in the Beqaa Valley. Geography Majdal Anjar is one of the Bekaa Valley towns of the east. It is located on the international road linking Beirut and Damascus. It is exactly located at the borders of Lebanon and Syria which is referred to the "Masnaa". About 55 km from the Capital of Lebanon and 57 kilometers from Damascus. Rise of 970 m above sea level. An area of 25,642,775 square meters. A population of about 25,000 people. It borders Sawiri from east and south, Anjar from north and Dakwi and Rawda from west. Each year this village grows more expand towards the north side. Agriculture The most important crops are cereals, including: wheat, barley, lentil, grapes, potatoes, beets, nuts, peaches apricots, cherry, pomegr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Shia Muslims
Lebanese Shia Muslims ( ar, المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيين), historically known as ''matāwila'' ( ar, متاولة, plural of ''mutawālin'' ebanese pronounced as ''metouali'' refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Shia branch of Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role along Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. Shia Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to the ''CIA World Factbook'', Shia Muslims constituted an estimated 28% of Lebanon's population in 2018. Most of its adherents live in the northern and western area of the Beqaa Valley, Southern Lebanon and Beirut. The great majority of Shia Muslims in Lebanon are Twelvers. However, a small minority of them are Alawites and Ismaili. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shias are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament. History O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druze
The Druze (; ar, دَرْزِيٌّ, ' or ', , ') are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from Western Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion based on the teachings of Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad and ancient Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, and Zeno of Citium. Adherents of the Druze religion call themselves " the Monotheists" or "the Unitarians" (''al-Muwaḥḥidūn''). The Epistles of Wisdom is the foundational and central text of the Druze faith. The Druze faith incorporates elements of Isma'ilism, Christianity, Gnosticism, Neoplatonism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Pythagoreanism, and other philosophies and beliefs, creating a distinct and secretive theology based on an esoteric interpretation of scripture, which emphasizes the role of the mind and truthfulness. Druze believe in theophany and reincarnation. Druze believe that at the end of the cycle of rebirth, which is achie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saraain El Faouqa
Saraain El Faouqa ( ar, سرعين الفوقا) is a village located northeast of Rayak in Baalbek District, Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon. Most of its inhabitants Shia Muslims and a minority are Maronites. Archaeology There is an archaeological site located on the right of the road from Rayak, immediately before the village. It was discovered by Henri Fleisch in 1946 and mentioned by L. Burkhalter in a list of prehistoric sites published in 1948.Burkhalter, L., Bibliographie préhistorique - Inventaire, Bulletin du Musée Beyrouth, Volume 8, 1948. Various small bifaces, flakes and cores were found that were originally assessed to be Mousterian by Burkhalter. Fleisch was said to ''"deplore the lack of typology"'' to distinguish the assemblage, but suggested some pieces were similar to Levalloiso-Mousterian and the Shepherd Neolithic tools found at Rayak North and Fleywe. Roman Temple, quarry and tombs The village of Sarain El Faouqa is suggested to have been built on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karak Nuh
Karak (also Kerak, Karak Nuh or Karak Noah) ( ar, كرك, Karak) is a village in the municipality of Zahle in the Zahle District of the Beqaa Governorate in eastern Lebanon. It is located on the Baalbek road close to Zahle. Karak contains a sarcophagus claimed by the locals to be the tomb of Noah.Winter, 2010, p43ff The inhabitants of Karak are Melkites, Maronites and Shia Muslims. History The town was an important religious site during the Middle Ages, drawing devotion from the local rural village communities. The town was known as al-Karak during the time of the Ayyubid dynasty and changed to Karak Nuh under the Mamluks. During high medieval times, the town produced Shia muhaddith Ahmad bin Tariq bin Sinan (b. 1132). In the mid-13th century, the settlement to the north of Karak Nuh, Bḥaouchiyya, was inhabited by Tanukhid emirs from Mount Lebanon who practiced the Shia faith. It became known as a center of learning for Shia Islam and the administrative centre of the souther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. The city straddles the Bosporus strait, lying in both Europe and Asia, and has a population of over 15 million residents, comprising 19% of the population of Turkey. Istanbul is the list of European cities by population within city limits, most populous European city, and the world's List of largest cities, 15th-largest city. The city was founded as Byzantium ( grc-gre, Βυζάντιον, ) in the 7th century BCE by Ancient Greece, Greek settlers from Megara. In 330 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital, renaming it first as New Rome ( grc-gre, Νέα Ῥώμη, ; la, Nova Roma) and then as Constantinople () after himself. The city grew in size and influence, eventually becom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kemankeş Kara Ali Pasha
Kemankeş Kara Ali Paşa was a Turkish Ottoman statesman. He was the 80th grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1624.Turkish State Archives during the reign of Sultan Murad IV Murad IV ( ota, مراد رابع, ''Murād-ı Rābiʿ''; tr, IV. Murad, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Cons .... He played an crucial role in the Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–39). He was highly influential especially with the Janesaries. See also * List of Ottoman Grand Viziers References 17th-century Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire Turks from the Ottoman Empire People executed by ligature strangulation 17th-century executions by the Ottoman Empire Executed people from the Ottoman Empire Year of birth unknown {{Ottoman-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murad IV
Murad IV ( ota, مراد رابع, ''Murād-ı Rābiʿ''; tr, IV. Murad, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603–17) and Kösem Sultan. He was brought to power by a palace conspiracy when he was just 11 years old, and he succeeded his uncle Mustafa I (r. 1617–18, 1622–23). Until he assumed absolute power on 18 May 1632, the empire was ruled by his mother, Kösem Sultan, as ''nāʾib-i salṭanat'' (regent). His reign is most notable for the Ottoman–Safavid War, of which the outcome would partition the Caucasus between the two Imperial powers for around two centuries, while it also roughly laid the foundation for the current Turkey–Iran–Iraq borders. Early life Murad IV was born on 27 July 1612 to Ahmed I (reign 16031617) and his consort and later wife Kösem Sultan, an ethnic Greek. Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yarkon River
The Yarkon River, also Yarqon River or Jarkon River ( he, נחל הירקון, ''Nahal HaYarkon'', ar, نهر العوجا, ''Nahr al-Auja''), is a river in central Israel. The source of the Yarkon ("Greenish" in Hebrew) is at Tel Afek (Antipatris), north of Petah Tikva. It flows west through Gush Dan and Tel Aviv's Yarkon Park into the Mediterranean Sea. Its Arabic name, ''al-Auja'', means "the meandering". The Yarkon is the largest coastal river in Israel, at 27.5 km in length. History Iron Age The Yarkon was the northern boundary of the territory of the Philistines. During the time of the Assyrian rule over the country, a fortress was built in a site known today as Tell Qudadi, on the northern bank of the river, next to its estuary. Ottoman Period The Yarkon formed the southern border of the vilayet of Beirut during the late Ottoman period.Weldon C. Matthews (2006) ''Confronting an Empire, Constructing a Nation: Arab Nationalists and Popular Politics in Mandate Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damascus
)), is an adjective which means "spacious". , motto = , image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg , image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg , seal_type = Seal , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Syria#Mediterranean east#Arab world#Asia , pushpin_label_position = right , pushpin_mapsize = , pushpin_map_caption = Location of Damascus within Syria , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Governorate , subdivision_name1 = Damascus Governorate, Capital City , government_footnotes = , government_type = , leader_title = Governor , leader_name = Mohammad Tariq Kreishati , parts_type = Municipalities , parts = 16 , established_title = , established_date ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
