Timeline of Łódź

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Łódź, Poland.

Prior to 19th century

* 1332 - Łódź mentioned as the village ''Łodzia'' in a document of Duke Władysław the Hunchback of the Polish Piast dynasty
* 1423 - Łódź granted city rights by Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło
* 1487 - Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon visited Łódź.
* 1496 - Polish King John I Albert confirmed the establishment of two annual fairs and a weekly market in Łódź.
* 1793
** City annexed by Prussia in the Second Partition of Poland and included within the newly formed province of South Prussia.
** Population: 190.

19th century

* 1806 - Town joins the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw.
* 1815 - Town becomes part of Russian client state Congress Poland per Congress of Vienna.
* 1820 - Antoni Czarkowski becomes mayor.
* 1824 - Lodka settlement developed.
* 1827 - K.F. Wendisch factory in business.
* 1828 - Slazaki settlement developed.
* 1829 - Population: 4,273.
* 1837 - Ludwig Geyer factory in business.
* 1839 - White Factory built.
* 1852 - Industrialist Karl Scheibler in business.
* 1860 - Population: 31,500.
* 1861 - Stara Synagogue built.
* 1863
** 31 January: A Polish insurgent unit entered the city without a fight in the first days of the January Uprising, and seized weapons and 18,000 rubles for the uprising.
** 18 June: Clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops.
** 29 September: Clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops.
** ''Lodzer Zeitung'' bilingual Polish-German newspaper begins publication.
* 1866 - Koluszki-Łódź railway begins operating.
* 1867
** Congress Poland forcibly integrated with of the Russian Empire.
** Sudden death of Shakespearean actor Ira Aldridge before his scheduled performance at a local theater.
* 1868 - Łódź Fabryczna railway station built.
* 1870 - Studio Theatre opened.
* 1872 - Moscow-Łódź railway begins operating.
* 1878 - Manufaktura textile mill built.
* 1881
** Great Synagogue built.
** Population: 49,592.
* 1884 - Alexander Nevsky Cathedral built.
* 1888 - Karl Scheibler's Chapel built.
* 1892 - Izrael Poznański factory built.
* 1897 - Population: 314,780.
* 1899
** First cinema in Poland (''Gabinet Iluzji'') founded by brothers Władysław and Antoni Krzemiński.
** Hazomir Choral Society founded.
* 1900 - Population: 351,570.

20th century

1900s–1930s

* 1901 - Krzemiński cinema active.
* 1902 - Łódź Kaliska railway station built.
* 1904 - Ezras Israel Synagogue built.
* 1905 - 21–25 June: Łódź insurrection.
* 1908 - ŁKS Łódź football club (later multi-section club) founded.
* 1910 - Widzew Łódź football club formed.
* 1914
** 11 November: Battle of Łódź begins near city.
** December: Germans in power.
* 1915 - becomes part of city.
* 1918 - Poland regains independence and the city becomes again part of Poland.
* 1920 - Catholic Diocese of Łódź established.

* 1922 - City becomes capital of Łódź Voivodeship (province).
* 1925 - Łódź Airport opens.
* 1928 - Osiedle Montwiłła-Mireckiego luxury neighborhood founded.
* 1930
** Stadion Widzewa (stadium) opens.
** Municipal Museum of History and Art inaugurated.
** December: Monument of Polish national hero Tadeusz Kościuszko unveiled at the ''Plac Wolności'' ("Freedom Square") in the city center.
* 1931
** January: Museum of Ethnography established.
** ŁKS Łódź wins its first Polish men's volleyball championship.
* 1937 - HKS Łódź wins its first Polish women's volleyball championship.

World War II (1939–1945)

* 1939
** 2 September: Germany carried out first air raids, bombing the airport and the Łódź Kaliska train station.
** 3 September: Further air raids carried out by Germany. The Germans bombed a railway station in the Widzew district, a power plant, a gas plant, a thread factory and many houses.
** 5 September: The Germans air raided the airport again.
** 6 September: The Germans air raided a historic palace which housed the command of the Polish Łódź Army.
** 6 September: the Citizens' Committee of the City of Łódź established.
** 6–8 September: Battle of Łódź during the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II.
** 9 September: German troops entered the city, beginning of the German occupation.
** 11 September: The Germans issued the first occupation decrees.
** 12 September: The German '' Einsatzgruppe III'' entered the city to commit various crimes against the population.
** 12–15 September: The Germans carried out searches of local county offices and Polish police buildings.
** 16 September: Local administration took over by a German official, D. Leiste from Rhineland.
** 21 September: The Germans carried out mass searches in the present-day district of Chojny.
** September: The Germans carried out first arrests of Poles as part of the '' Intelligenzaktion'' and established first prisons for arrested Poles.Wardzyńska, p. 203
** 12 October – 4 November: City becomes seat of Nazi German General Government of occupied Poland.
** 31 October: A German transit camp for Poles arrested in the ''Intelligenzaktion'' established in the present-day district of Ruda Pabianicka.
** November: Radogoszcz concentration camp established by the Germans. Its prisoners were mostly people from Łódź, Pabianice and other nearby settlements.
** 9 November: City annexed directly into Nazi Germany; the Germans destroyed the monument of Polish national hero Tadeusz Kościuszko.
** 9 November: First prisoners detained in the Radogoszcz concentration camp.
** November: Hundreds of Poles from Łódź and the region massacred by the Germans in the forest in the present-day district of Łagiewniki as part of the ''Intelligenzaktion''.Wardzyńska, p. 204
** City renamed "Litzmannstadt" to erase traces of Polish origin.
** 11 December: The Germans massacred 70 Polish prisoners of the Radogoszcz camp in Łagiewniki.
** 13 December: The Germans massacred 40 Polish prisoners of the Radogoszcz camp in Łagiewniki.
** December: 65 prisoners from the transit camp in Pabianice deported to the Radogoszcz concentration camp and then massacred in Łagiewniki.
** 31 December: First expulsions of Poles from Osiedle Montwiłła-Mireckiego carried out.
** Hundreds of Poles from Łódź massacred by the Germans in the nearby village of Lućmierz-Las.Wardzyńska, p. 205

* 1940
** 14–15 January: German police and '' Selbstschutz'' carried out mass expulsions of Poles from Osiedle Montwiłła-Mireckiego.
** February: More prisoners from the liquidated transit camp in Pabianice imprisoned in the Radogoszcz camp; Radogoszcz camp converted into the Radogoszcz prison.
** February: Łódź Ghetto formed.
** Hundreds of Poles from Łódź massacred by the Germans in the nearby village of Lućmierz-Las.
** March: 11 Polish boy scouts from Łódź massacred by the Germans in the Okręglik forest near Zgierz.
** April–May: The Russians committed the large Katyn massacre, among the victims of which were over 1,200 Poles, who either were born or lived in Łódź or the region before the war.
* 1941
** February: German prisoner-of-war camp Stalag Luft II established in the present-day district of Ruda Pabianicka.
** November: 5,007 Romani people deported by the Germans from German-occupied Burgenland to Łódź and imprisoned in a new German camp.

* 1942
** January: The Germans dissolved the camp for Romani people and exterminated its prisoners in the Chełmno extermination camp.
** German concentration camp for kidnapped Polish children of 2 to 16 years of age established in the city. It was nicknamed "little Auschwitz" due to its conditions.
* 1943 - The Germans established a forced labour camp for around 800 English prisoners of war in the Olechów neighbourhood.
* 1944
** August: Łódź Ghetto liquidated.
** September: Stalag Luft II POW camp liquidated.
* 1945
** German concentration camp for kidnapped Polish children disestablished.
** 17 January: City taken by the Soviet Army and afterwards restored to Poland.

1945–2000

* 1945
** Łódź University of Technology, University of Łódź and Public Academy of Arts established.
** ''Dziennik Łodzki'' newspaper begins publication.

* 1946 - Retkinia included within city limits.
* 1947 - Animation studio Se-ma-for founded in Łódź.
* 1948 - National Film School in Łódź established.
* 1950 - Medical Academy of Łódź established.
* 1953 - ŁKS Łódź wins its first Polish men's basketball championship.
* 1957 - ''Russkiĭ Golos'' newspaper begins publication.
* 1958
** Łódź Heat Power Stations commissioned.
** ŁKS Łódź wins its first Polish football championship.
* 1960 - Central Museum of Textiles established.

* 1967
** ŁKS Łódź wins its first Polish women's basketball championship.
** Grand Theatre opens.
* 1968
** Ballet festival begins.
** Start Łódź wins its first Polish women's volleyball championship.
* 1973 - National choreographic competition begins.
* 1974 - Population: 784,000.
* 1975
** Stadion ŁKS (stadium) built.
** Museum of the City of Łódź active.
* 1978 - Monument of writer Władysław Reymont unveiled.
* 1981
** Widzew Łódź wins its first Polish football championship.
** Protest against food shortage.
* 1983
** Anilana Łódź wins its first Polish men's handball championship.
** ŁKS Łódź wins its first Polish women's volleyball championship.
** Budowlani Łódź wins its first Polish rugby championship.
* 1984 - Monument of Stanisław Staszic unveiled in the Staszic Park in the city center.
* 1991 - 2 October: Visit of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
* 1992 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Łódź promoted to archdiocese.
* 1998 - Higher School of Art and Design established.
* 2000 - Monument of Pope John Paul II unveiled at the Piotrkowska Street.

21st century

* 2001 - Twin town partnership signed between Łódź and Örebro, Sweden.
* 2002
** Jerzy Kropiwnicki becomes mayor.
** Population: 785,134; province 2,612,900.
* 2004 - Łódź Biennale active.
* 2006 - Manufaktura shopping mall opens.

* 2008
** 19 May: Twin town partnership signed between Łódź and Szeged, Hungary.
** September: Open-air Museum of the Łódź Wooden Architecture opened.
* 2009
** Arena Łódź opens.
** Łódź co-hosts the EuroBasket 2009.
* 2010 - Hanna Zdanowska becomes mayor.
* 2011 - Łódź co-hosts the EuroBasket Women 2011.
* 2013 - Rail freight transport between Łódź and China started.
* 2014 - Łódź co-hosts the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship.
* 2015 - Twin town partnership signed between Łódź and Chengdu, China.
* 2017
** June: Łódź hosts the 2017 Łódź Sevens tournament of the 2017 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series.
** December: Łódź co-hosts the 2017 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship.
* 2018 - Łódź hosts the first ever Mixed Doubles Łódź curling tournament.
* 2019
** May–June: Łódź co-hosts the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup.
** November: Honorary Consulate of Armenia opened in Łódź.

See also

* Łódź history
* History of Łódź
* List of mayors of Łódź
* List of years in Poland

References

:''This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Polish Wikipedia.''

Bibliography

in English

*
*
*
*
*
*

* Zysiak, Agata et al. ''From Cotton and Smoke: Łódź - Industrial City and Discourses of Asynchronous Modernity, 1897-1994'' (Krakow: Jagiellonian University Press, 2019)
online review

in other languages

*
*
*
*

External links

*
* Europeana

various dates.

Map of Łódź
1967

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Łódź

Lodz