Schönefeld Airport
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Schönefeld (meaning ''beautiful field'') is a suburban municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district, Brandenburg, Germany. It borders the southeastern districts of Berlin. The municipal area encompasses the old Berlin Schönefeld Airport (SXF) and the new
Berlin Brandenburg Airport Berlin Brandenburg Airport ''Willy Brandt'' (german: Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg "Willy Brandt", , ) is an international airport in Schönefeld, just south of the Germany, German capital Berlin in the state of Brandenburg. Named after the f ...
(BER).


Geography

It is located about southeast of the Berlin city centre, next to Berlin's only airport,
Berlin Brandenburg Airport Berlin Brandenburg Airport ''Willy Brandt'' (german: Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg "Willy Brandt", , ) is an international airport in Schönefeld, just south of the Germany, German capital Berlin in the state of Brandenburg. Named after the f ...
(BER). In the north, Schönefeld adjoins to the Berlin boroughs of Tempelhof-Schöneberg,
Neukölln Neukölln () is one of the twelve boroughs of Berlin. It is located in the southeastern part from the city centre towards Berlin Schönefeld Airport. It was part of the former American sector under the Four-Power occupation of the city. It featu ...
, and
Treptow-Köpenick Treptow-Köpenick () is the ninth borough of Berlin, Germany, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Treptow and Köpenick. Overview Among Berlin's boroughs it is the largest by area with the lowest popul ...
with the localities of Lichtenrade, Gropiusstadt,
Buckow Buckow ( or ) is a town in the Märkisch-Oderland district, in Brandenburg, Germany. The water cure resort is the administrative seat of the ''Amt'' (municipal association) Märkische Schweiz and located in the centre of the eponymous hill range, ...
, Rudow, Altglienicke, and Bohnsdorf. In the south, it borders
Mittenwalde Mittenwalde () is a town in the Dahme-Spreewald district, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated 30 km southeast of Berlin (centre). On May 28, 1562, the town of Mittenwalde lent Berlin 400 guilders, a debt which has never been repaid, thou ...
, in the west, Blankenfelde-Mahlow and in the east,
Schulzendorf is a municipality in the district of Dahme-Spreewald in Brandenburg in Germany. Demography File:Bevölkerungsentwicklung Schulzendorf.pdf, Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: ...
and Zeuthen.


Civil parishes

The Schönefeld municipal area comprises six
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
(''Ortsteile''), former municipalities in their own right which were incorporated in 2003: *Schönefeld proper * Großziethen * Selchow * Kiekebusch * Waltersdorf *
Waßmannsdorf Waßmannsdorf is a village and a civil parish (''Ortsteil'') of the German town of Schönefeld, located in the district of Dahme-Spreewald in Brandenburg. As of 2007 its population was of around 1,000. History First mentioned in 1350 as ''Wasmans ...
The settlement of Kienberg, part of Waltersdorf, was cleared of residents to permit expansion of the Berlin Brandenburg Airport and is to be developed as a commercial area.


History and monuments

The first preserved mention of Schönefeld in the
Mittelmark The Mittelmark (German for "Middle March") is a historical region in eastern Germany that was the core territory of the Margrave of Brandenburg between the Oder and Elbe rivers. The name refers to the location of the territory between the Altmark ...
territory dates back to 1242. ''Sconenfelde'', then a possession held by the Lords of Selchow, is documented in the 1375 ''Landbuch'' (domesday book) of Emperor Charles IV, when he also ruled as Elector of Brandenburg. The village church, rebuilt in 1904/05 according to plans designed by Franz Heinrich Schwechten, includes a large
Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...
altar. Waltersdorf and Waßmannsdorf also have village churches dating to the first half of the 13th century. From 1933 onwards the
Henschel Henschel & Son (german: Henschel und Sohn) was a German company, located in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicle ...
aircraft company moved from Johannisthal Air Field to Schönefeld and had three runways laid out next to the village. More than 14,000 warplanes were built at the site until 1945, when the premises were occupied by the Red Army. In the Großziethen cemetery is a memorial to 200
prisoners of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held Captivity, captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold priso ...
and forced laborers who died during World War II. The
Soviet Air Forces The Soviet Air Forces ( rus, Военно-воздушные силы, r=Voyenno-vozdushnyye sily, VVS; literally "Military Air Forces") were one of the air forces of the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces ...
used the air field from 1946, one year later the Soviet Military Administration ordered the buildup of a civil air service supplying
East Berlin East Berlin was the ''de facto'' capital city of East Germany from 1949 to 1990. Formally, it was the Allied occupation zones in Germany, Soviet sector of Berlin, established in 1945. The American, British, and French sectors were known as ...
. Before
German reunification German reunification (german: link=no, Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a united and fully sovereign state, which took place between 2 May 1989 and 15 March 1991. The day of 3 October 1990 when the Ge ...
, Schönefeld shared its borders partly with boroughs of former West Berlin (present-day Neukölln and Tempelhof-Schöneberg), and so from 1961 to 1990 it was separated from it by the
Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall (german: Berliner Mauer, ) was a guarded concrete barrier that encircled West Berlin from 1961 to 1989, separating it from East Berlin and East Germany (GDR). Construction of the Berlin Wall was commenced by the government ...
.


Demography

File:Bevölkerungsentwicklung Schönefeld.pdf, Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state; Grey Background: Time of Nazi rule; Red Background: Time of Communist rule) File:Bevölkerungsprognosen Schönefeld.pdf, Recent Population Development and Projections (Population Development before Census 2011 (blue line); Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 (blue bordered line); Official projections for 2005-2030 (yellow line); for 2020-2030 (green line); for 2017-2030 (scarlet line)


Economy and infrastructure


Transport

*
Berlin-Brandenburg Airport Berlin Brandenburg Airport ''Willy Brandt'' (german: Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg "Willy Brandt", , ) is an international airport in Schönefeld, just south of the German capital Berlin in the state of Brandenburg. Named after the former We ...
*
Flughafen BER - Terminal 5 station Frankfurt-Flughafen is a quarter of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is part of the '' Ortsbezirk Süd'' and is subdivided into the ''Stadtbezirke'' Unterwald and Flughafen. Frankfurt-Flughafen contains the whole airport ground of Frankfurt Airpor ...
, opened in 1951 on the Berlin outer ring, is currently served by the Berlin S-Bahn lines S45 and S9 * Berlin Brandenburg Airport railway station beneath the airport Terminal 1 served by S-Bahn, Regional Express "Airport Express" and long distance IC trains, and an S-Bahn station at Waßmannsdorf, between there and the existing Schönefeld station served only by the S-Bahn. * The Schönefled interchange connects the
autobahns The (; German plural ) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany. The official German term is (abbreviated ''BAB''), which translates as 'federal motorway'. The literal meaning of the word is 'Federal Auto(mobile) Track'. ...
A13,
A113 A113 (sometimes A-113, A-1-13, A1-13 or A11-3) is an inside joke and Easter egg in media developed by alumni of California Institute of the Arts, referring to the classroom used by graphic design and character animation students. History Student ...
with its A117 branch-off, and A10 (''Berliner Ring''). * Bundesstraßen B96A and B179


Business

The Airport-Center, an industrial area in Waltersdorf, and Berlin Schönefeld Airport are important sources of revenue for Schönefeld. The head office of
Private Wings Private Wings Flugcharter GmbH is a German charter airline that was founded in 1991 and operates chartered corporate, cargo and air ambulance services out of Berlin Brandenburg Airport. Its head office is located in the General Aviation Terminal ...
is located in the General Aviation Terminal (Allgemeine Luftfahrt) on the property of Schönefeld Airport. Before its disestablishment, the East German airline company
Interflug Interflug GmbH (german: Interflug Gesellschaft für internationalen Flugverkehr m.b.H.; ) was the national airline of the German Democratic Republic from 1963 to 1990. Based in East Berlin, it operated scheduled and chartered flights to European ...
had its head office on the grounds of the airport.
Bremenfly Bremenfly GmbH was a German charter airline based in Schönefeld, Germany.
also had its head office in Schönefeld.


Politics

Seats in the municipal council (''Gemeinderat''): * ''Alle für Eine'' voters' association: 5 *
Christian Democratic Union (CDU): 7 *
Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany (german: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, ; SPD, ) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Germany. It is one of the major parties of contemporary Germany. Saskia Esken has been the ...
(SPD): 3 * The Left: 2 * Schönefeld citizens' initiative (BIS): 1 * Pro Schönefeld citizens' association: 4


Twin towns — Sister cities

Schönefeld is twinned with Bayangol, a district of Ulaanbataar, since 1999.


Education

Primary schools in the municipality: *Astrid-Lindgren-Grundschule Schönefeld *Paul-Maar-Grundschule Großziethen There is a private secondary school, Evangelische Schule Schönefeld.Evangelische Schule Schönefeld – Gymnasium
" Schönefeld. Retrieved on September 13, 2016.


Notable people

*
Rosemarie Clausen Rosemarie Clausen (née Rose Marie Margarethe Elisabeth Kögel); (5 March 1907 – 9 January 1990) was a German photographer. She worked as Theatre photography, theatre and Portrait photography, portrait photographer and received several awards fo ...
, theatrical photographer, born in Großziethen in 1907 * Rudi Dutschke, prominent spokesperson of the German student movement of the 1960s


See also

* Berlin-Schönefeld Airport * Berlin Schönefeld Airport station * Berlin-Brandenburg International Airport *
BER Airport – Terminal 1-2 station BER Airport – Terminal 1-2 station (german: Bahnhof Flughafen BER – Terminal 1-2) is a railway station located under the main terminal of Berlin Brandenburg Airport, Germany serving its Terminals 1 and 2 while the older BER Airport – Termi ...


References


Sources

* Bernd Kuhlmann. ''Schönefeld bei Berlin – 1 Amt, 1 Flughafen und 11 Bahnhöfe''. Berlin: Gesellschaft für Verkehrspolitik und Eisenbahnwesen, 1996.


External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schonefeld Localities in Dahme-Spreewald Teltow (region)