Rondon's marmoset (''Mico rondoni''), also known as the Rondônia marmoset, is a small species of monkey from the family Callitrichidae found in the south-western Amazon in Brazil. It is endemic to the state of

Rondônia Rondônia () is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northern subdivision of the country (central-western part). To the west is a short border with the state of Acre, to the north is the state of Amazonas, in the east is Mato Grosso, ...

, and its range bordered by the Rio Mamoré, Rio Madeira, Rio Ji-Paraná, Serra dos Pacaás Novos and possibly

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

. It was only described in 2010, and its name refers to the famous Amazonian explorer Cândido Rondon. Prior to its description, it was included in

Emilia's marmoset The Emilia's marmoset (''Mico emiliae''), also known as Snethlage's marmoset, is a marmoset endemic to Brazil.Emmons, L & Feer, F. (1997). ''Neotropical Rainforest Mammals''. It is found only in the Brazilian states of Pará and Mato Grosso. It ...

(''Mico emiliae''). Mico nigriceps

Rondon's marmoset is a member of the

silvery marmoset The silvery marmoset (''Mico argentatus'') is a New World monkey that lives in the eastern Amazon Rainforest in Brazil. The fur of the silvery marmoset is colored whitish silver-grey except for a dark tail. Remarkable are its naked, flesh-color ...

(''Mico argentatus'') group within the genus '' Mico''. Like others in its group, its pelage is generally silvery-gray. It has dark fur on much of its head, forehead and the sides of its face, which contrasts with a whitish patch in the middle of its forehead. The fur on its legs become reddish-brown on its shins and almost black at the ankles. Its tail is mostly black. It averages about in weight. Length excluding tail averages about and the tail averages about .

Exudate An exudate is a fluid emitted by an organism through pores or a wound, a process known as exuding or exudation. ''Exudate'' is derived from ''exude'' 'to ooze' from Latin ''exsūdāre'' 'to (ooze out) sweat' (''ex-'' 'out' and ''sūdāre'' 'to ...

s are an important part of Rondon's marmoset's diet, and like other marmosets its digestive tract is specially adapted for this purpose. Adaptations include chisel-like lower incisors, which can gouge gum-producing trees to begin a flow of exudate, and an enlarged cecum, which helps digest the exudates. Despite being able to tolerate habitat disturbance, Rondon's marmoset may be the most threatened species in the genus ''Mico''. It is considered

vulnerable Vulnerable may refer to: General * Vulnerability * Vulnerability (computing) * Vulnerable adult * Vulnerable species Music Albums * ''Vulnerable'' (Marvin Gaye album), 1997 * ''Vulnerable'' (Tricky album), 2003 * ''Vulnerable'' (The Used album) ...

by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

, though it has been suggested that

data deficient A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessaril ...

would be more appropriate. Another

callitrichid The Callitrichidae (also called Arctopitheci or Hapalidae) are a family of New World monkeys, including marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins. At times, this group of animals has been regarded as a subfamily, called the Callitrichinae, of the fa ...

Weddell's saddleback tamarin Weddell's saddle-back tamarin (''Leontocebus weddelli'') is a species of saddle-back tamarin, a type of small monkey from South America. Weddell's saddle-back tamarin was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-mantled tamarin, ''L. f ...

(''Leontocebus weddelli'') also occurs over much of Rondon's marmoset's range. However, Rondon's marmoset is rare or absent from areas where Weddell's saddleback tamarin is common. Weddell's saddleback tamarin is known to take over Rondon's marmoset's gum feeding sites.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1187101

Rondon's marmoset Rondon's marmoset (''Mico rondoni''), also known as the Rondônia marmoset, is a small species of monkey from the family Callitrichidae found in the south-western Amazon Rainforest, Amazon in Brazil. It is Endemism, endemic to the state of Rondô ...

Endemic fauna of Brazil Mammals of Brazil