Rolls-Royce Trent 7000
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The Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, an iteration of the
Trent Trent may refer to: Places Italy * Trento in northern Italy, site of the Council of Trent United Kingdom * Trent, Dorset, England, United Kingdom Germany * Trent, Germany, a municipality on the island of Rügen United States * Trent, California, ...
family powering exclusively the
Airbus A330neo The Airbus A330neo ("neo" for " New Engine Option") is a wide-body airliner developed by Airbus from the Airbus A330 (now A330''ceo'' – "Current Engine Option"). A new version with modern engines comparable with those developed for the Boeing ...
. Announced on 14 July 2014, it first ran on 27 November 2015. It made its first flight on 19 October 2017 aboard on the A330neo. It received its EASA
type certification A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (''type design''). It confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production, is in compliance with applica ...
on 20 July 2018 as a
Trent 1000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce plc, one of the two engine options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, competing with the General Electric GEnx. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on ...
variant. It was first delivered on 26 November, and was cleared for
ETOPS ETOPS () is an acronym for ''Extended-range Twin-engine Operations Performance Standards''—a special part of flight rules for one-engine-inoperative flight conditions. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) coined the acronym for ...
330 by 20 December. Compared to the A330's
Trent 700 The Rolls-Royce Trent 700 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce plc to power the Airbus A330. Rolls-Royce was studying a RB211 development for the A330 at its launch in June 1987. It was first selected by Cathay Pacific in April ...
, the engine doubles the
bypass ratio The bypass ratio (BPR) of a turbofan engine is the ratio between the mass flow rate of the bypass stream to the mass flow rate entering the core. A 10:1 bypass ratio, for example, means that 10 kg of air passes through the bypass duct for ev ...
to 10:1 and halves emitted noise. Pressure ratio is increased to 50:1, and it has a fan and a bleed air system.
Fuel consumption A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as thermal energy or to be used for work. The concept was originally applied solely to those materials capable of releasing chemical energy but ...
is improved by 11%.


Development

Announced on 14 July 2014 at the Farnborough Airshow, the Trent 7000 is the exclusive engine for the
Airbus A330neo The Airbus A330neo ("neo" for " New Engine Option") is a wide-body airliner developed by Airbus from the Airbus A330 (now A330''ceo'' – "Current Engine Option"). A new version with modern engines comparable with those developed for the Boeing ...
, succeeding the
Trent 700 The Rolls-Royce Trent 700 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce plc to power the Airbus A330. Rolls-Royce was studying a RB211 development for the A330 at its launch in June 1987. It was first selected by Cathay Pacific in April ...
used for the Airbus A330. It first ran on 27 November 2015 on a test bed in
Derby Derby ( ) is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire, England. It lies on the banks of the River Derwent in the south of Derbyshire, which is in the East Midlands Region. It was traditionally the county town of Derbyshire. Derby gai ...
. Although the first two test engines were made in Derby, further test engines and production Trent 7000 is assembled in the Rolls-Royce
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
facility. In 2015 Rolls experienced development problems with the
Trent 1000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce plc, one of the two engine options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, competing with the General Electric GEnx. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on ...
TEN, and had to involve extra resources to support the on-time March 2017
787-10 The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American wide-body jet airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. After dropping its unconventional Sonic Cruiser project, Boeing announced the conventional 7E7 on January 29, 2003, ...
maiden flight but it led to delaying the Trent 7000. The first pair of engines were shipped to Airbus in June 2017. It made its first flight on 19 October 2017 aboard its A330neo application, directly after ground testing which included altitude, icing, cross-wind, noise and cyclic testing in USA, and endurance, operability and functional performance testing in UK. As it is based on the Trent 1000, it was feared that it could share its durability problems and that could deter buyers. However, Rolls-Royce's CEO
Warren East (David) Warren Arthur East (born 27 October 1961) is the former chief executive officer (CEO) of Rolls-Royce Holdings, a leading UK-based engine manufacturer. He previously held senior positions at ARM Holdings and Texas Instruments. Educatio ...
said the 7000 was not affected by the Trent 1000 issues. It received its EASA
type certification A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (''type design''). It confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production, is in compliance with applica ...
on 20 July 2018. It is certified as a Trent 1000 variant. This was delayed from the initially planned first quarter of 2017. At the time,
ETOPS ETOPS () is an acronym for ''Extended-range Twin-engine Operations Performance Standards''—a special part of flight rules for one-engine-inoperative flight conditions. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) coined the acronym for ...
testing was halfway through as 3,000 engine cycles are planned, to be completed by early August. The engine was then planned to be disassembled, examined and reported by the end of September, for an ETOPS certification in time for the year-end introduction. By August 2018, quantity production was challenging and in October Rolls-Royce expected 500 large engines deliveries in 2018, down from 550. Rolls confirmed 10 deliveries by the end of October, below the 30 needed for 15 A330neos deliveries by year-end. The A330-900 was initially cleared for 180 min ETOPS with a limitation of 500 engine cycles for the first delivery to TAP Portugal on 26 November. Full ETOPS required an EASA approval plan with a 3,000 cycles validation test plus three simulated diversions followed by disassembly and examination before the end of December. ETOPS 330 was secured by 20 December. In 2019, Rolls-Royce delivered 106 Trent 7000s, up from eight in 2018, while it achieved a 99.9% dispatch reliability.


Design

Its architecture comes from the latest version of the Trent 1000, the TEN, using the A330's Trent 700 experience and technology from the Trent XWB. The engine doubles the
bypass ratio The bypass ratio (BPR) of a turbofan engine is the ratio between the mass flow rate of the bypass stream to the mass flow rate entering the core. A 10:1 bypass ratio, for example, means that 10 kg of air passes through the bypass duct for ev ...
and halves emitted noise compared to the Trent 700. Maximum pressure ratio is increased to 50:1 from 36:1 and it has a bleed air system for environmental control and wing anti-icing. Compared to the 20-year-older Trent 700 introduced in 1995, the Trent 7000 features a smaller fan hub and a larger fan — compared to . This doubles the bypass ratio from 5 to 10. It has the highest bypass ratio of any Trent engine. The fan has 20 blades. The overall pressure ratio increases thanks to Trent XWB core compressor technology, improving thermal efficiency. This is associated with a 200-
Kelvin The kelvin, symbol K, is the primary unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI), used alongside its prefixed forms and the degree Celsius. It is named after the Belfast-born and University of Glasgow-based engineer and phys ...
increase in internal temperatures; Thermally-coated high-pressure turbine blades are used instead of the more expensive ceramic matrix composites, which are used in the next Rolls-Royce engine generation,
Ultrafan The Rolls-Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofans produced by Rolls-Royce. It continues the three spool architecture of the RB211 with a maximum thrust ranging from . Launched as the RB-211-524L in June 1988, the prototype first r ...
. The larger fan and higher bypass ratio require two more stages in the low-pressure turbine; the engine is heavier. The Trent 700 weighs : while the Trent 7000 weighs , more. Despite the additional weight and the extra drag resulting from the wider diameter, Rolls-Royce reported
fuel consumption A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as thermal energy or to be used for work. The concept was originally applied solely to those materials capable of releasing chemical energy but ...
would improve by 11%. Since bleed air is used instead of electrical power generation (as in the 787's Trent 1000), the IP accessory drive is less loaded and enables the high-pressure compressor to maintain stability at low power settings, improving low-speed fuel consumption for short-haul operations. The engine features active turbine clearance control providing the optimal level of cooling air for different phases of flight. At take-off, the fan displaces up to of air per second, the jet nozzle velocity is almost and each high pressure turbine blade generates around , rotating at 12,500 rpm with their tips reaching . Rolls-Royce reports the engine is 10 dB quieter than the Trent 700.


Specifications


See also


References

{{Rolls-Royce plc aeroengines High-bypass turbofan engines Trent 7000 2010s turbofan engines