Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear

pit connection In algal anatomy, a pit connection is a hole in the septum between two algal cells, and is found only in the red algae − specifically, all orders except the Porphyridiales and haploid Bangiales. They are often stoppered with proteinaceous "pit p ...

s, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the

Bangiaceae Bangiaceae is a family of red algae in the order Bangiales. It contains laver, used to make laverbread, and various species in the genus of ''Pyropia'' are used to make nori. Genera Genera accepted in 2018; * '' Aspalatia'' Ercegovic * '' B ...

. They were also thought only to exhibit apical growth, but there are genera known to grow by intercalary growth. Most, but not all, genera have three phases to the

life cycle Life cycle, life-cycle, or lifecycle may refer to: Science and academia *Biological life cycle, the sequence of life stages that an organism undergoes from birth to reproduction ending with the production of the offspring * Life-cycle hypothesis ...

Classification

There are various classification schemes; see red algae. One option is to use the following:

Subclass Hildenbrandiophycidae

Hildenbrandiales Hildenbrandiales is an order of crustose forms red alga which bear conceptacles and produce secondary pit-connections. They reproduce by vegetative gemma (botany), gemmae as well as tetrasporangia, which are produced inside the conceptacles. The ...

Subclass Nemaliophycidae

Acrochaetiales Acrochaetiales is an order of red algae. Taxonomy Acrochaetiales contains two families and six genera: * Acrochaetiaceae Fritsch ex W.R.Taylor **'' Acrochaetium'' Nägeli (synonyms: ''Chromastrum'' Papenfuss, ''Kylinia'' Rosenvinge, ''Liago ...

* Balbianiales * Balliales * Batrachospermales * Colaconematales * Nemaliales * Palmariales * Entwisleiales * Thoreales

Subclass Corallinophycidae

* Corallinales * Corallinapetrales * Rhodogorgonales * Sporolithales The subclass Corallinophycidae was introduced in 2007.

Subclass Ahnfeltiophycidae

* Ahnfeltiales * Pihiellales

Subclass Rhodymeniophycidae

* Bonnemaisoniales *

Ceramiales Ceramiales is an order of red algae. It was established by Friedrich Oltmanns in 1904. Families * Callithamniaceae Kützing, 1843 * Ceramiaceae Dumortier, 1822 * Choreocolacaceae Sturch * Dasyaceae Kützing, 1843 * Delesseriaceae Bory, ...

* Gelidiales *

Gigartinales Gigartinales is a red algae order in the class Florideophyceae Florideophyceae is a class of red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bang ...

* Gracilariales * Halymeniales * Nemastomatales * Peyssonneliales * Plocamiales * Rhodymeniales * Acrosymphytales * Atractophorales * Catenellopsidales * Sebdeniales According to molecular clock analysis, Florideophyceae diverged from other red algae about 943 (817–1,049) million years ago. It split into Hildenbrandiophycidae ca. 781 (681–879) mya, Nemaliophycidae ca. 661 (597–736) mya and Corallinophycidae ca. 579 (543–617) mya, and ca. 508 (442–580) mya the split between Ahnfeltiophycidae and Rhodymeniophycidae occurred.Divergence time estimates and the evolution of major lineages in the florideophyte red algae - Nature
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References

External links

Tree of Life: Florideophyceae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1002125