Ma'ale Iron
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Ma'ale Iron ( he, מעלה עירון, ''lit.'' Iron Heights; ar, طلعة عارة) is an
Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
local council in
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
's
Haifa District Haifa District ( he, מחוז חיפה, ''Mehoz Ḥeifa''; ar, منطقة حيفا) is an administrative district surrounding the city of Haifa, Israel. The district is one of the Districts of Israel, seven administrative districts of Israel, a ...
and is a part of the
Wadi Ara Wadi Ara ( ar, وادي عارة, he, ואדי עארה) or Nahal 'Iron ( he, נחל עירון), is a valley and its surrounding area in Israel populated mainly by Arab Israelis. The area is also known as the "Northern Triangle". Wadi Ara is ...
region in the
Triangle A triangle is a polygon with three Edge (geometry), edges and three Vertex (geometry), vertices. It is one of the basic shapes in geometry. A triangle with vertices ''A'', ''B'', and ''C'' is denoted \triangle ABC. In Euclidean geometry, an ...
. The town consists of the five villages of Bayada,
Musheirifa Al-Musheirifa ( ar, المشيرفة, he, מושיריפה or ) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the juri ...
,
Musmus Musmus ( ar, مُصمُص, he, מוצמוץ / ) is an Arab village in Haifa District. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iro ...
, Salem and
Zalafa Zalafa ( ar, زلفة, he, זלפה) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local ...
. The villages were joined together in 1996 by the
Interior Ministry of Israel The Ministry of Interior ( he, משרד הפנים, ''Misrad HaPnim''; ar, وزارة الداخلية) in the State of Israel is one of the government offices that is responsible for local government, citizenship and residency, identity card ...
to form the local council. In its population was , predominantly
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
s. It has an area of 6.3 km2. Ma'ale Iron has four elected members and since 2013 the head of the council has been Mustafa Ighbarieh.


History

The five villages of Ma'ale Iron did not have municipal status and instead were under the administration of ''
mukhtar A mukhtar ( ar, مختار, mukhtār, chosen one; el, μουχτάρης) is a village chief in the Levant: "an old institution that goes back to the time of the Ottoman rule". According to Amir S. Cheshin, Bill Hutman and Avi Melamed, the muk ...
s'' (village headmen) appointed by the
Interior Ministry An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs. Lists of current ministries of internal affairs Named "ministry" * Ministry ...
until 1992 when the Interior Ministry established the Nahal Iron regional council. The council also included
Barta'a Barta'a ( ar, برطعة, he, בַּרְטַּעָה) is a town in Israel and the Palestinian territories that straddles both sides of the Green Line in the Wadi Ara (or Nahal 'Iron) region. Western Barta'a is in the Haifa District of Israel, a ...
,
Ein as-Sahala Ein as-Sahla ( ar, عين السهلة, he, עין א-סהלה) is an Arab village in Haifa District, Israel. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle. The village has about 2,000 residents. Since 1996, it has been un ...
and
Mu'awiya Mu'awiya I ( ar, معاوية بن أبي سفيان, Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the deat ...
in addition to the five current villages of Ma'ale Iron. Initially the council operated mainly in Bayada and Salem but in the rest of the villages the locals objected to the administrative arrangement and sought independent municipal status. To allay local concerns, the Interior Ministry established an investigative committee to examine other options, and in 1996, decided to split the regional council into two local councils: Ma'ale Iron and
Basma Basma ( ar, بسمة, he, בסמ"ה) is an Israeli Arab local council in the Wadi Ara area of Haifa District. The local council was formed in 1995 through the consolidation of the villages of Barta'a West, Ein as-Sahala, and Muawiya; Basma is ...
. Between 1996 and 2003, council meetings were held in
Afula Afula ( he, עפולה Arabic: العفولة) is a city in the Northern District of Israel, often known as the "Capital of the Valley" due to its strategic location in the Jezreel Valley. As of , the city had a population of . Afula's ancient ...
, but in 2004 the council's headquarters moved to Zalafa. Until 2003 the council was appointed by the interior minister until elections were held in 2001 and Muhammad Fauzi Jabbarin was elected as the council head. In 2006 the Interior Ministry suspended Ma'ale Iron's budget for not reporting the wages of council workers. Because of the dispute, the Interior Ministry dissolved the council and appointed a new one, headed by Michael Iluz from the
Shas Shas ( he, ש״ס) is a Haredi religious political party in Israel. Founded in 1984 under the leadership of Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, a former Israeli Sephardi chief rabbi, who remained its spiritual leader until his death in October 2013, it primarily ...
party. In 2009 a plea was sent to the
High Court of Justice The High Court of Justice in London, known properly as His Majesty's High Court of Justice in England, together with the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, Court of Appeal and the Crown Court, are the Courts of England and Wales, Senior Cou ...
against the current council and to hold local elections. The court instructed the interior minister to arrange elections but he decided to extend the council's term for another year. In 2010 the council's members asked to move Ma'ale Iron's headquarters back to Afula due to alleged threats made against them, but the Interior Ministry refused. In 2013 local elections were held in Ma'ale Iron and Mustafa Ighbarieh was elected as the council head. In 2006 there were floods in the Wadi Ara region. The estimated damage in Ma'ale Iron,
Umm al-Fahm Umm al-Fahm ( ar, أمّ الفحم, ''Umm al-Faḥm''; he, אוּם אֶל-פַחֶם ''Um el-Faḥem'') is a city located northwest of Jenin in the Haifa District of Israel. In its population was , nearly all of whom are Arab citizens of I ...
and Basma was 44 million
NIS Nis, Niš, NiS or NIS may refer to: Places * Niš, a city in Serbia * Nis, Iran, a village * Ness, Lewis ( gd, Nis, links=no), a village in the Outer Hebrides islands Businesses and organizations * Naftna Industrija Srbije, Petroleum Industry o ...
. The floods damaged the sewage system of Bayada, Musmus and Musheirifa and caused the pollution of the Ba'ana River that passes through Musheirifa. The budget given by the government was insufficient and bureaucratic problems delayed the restoration. Eventually the river was cleaned in 2013. In November 2014, Ma'ale Iron and
Megiddo Regional Council The Megiddo Regional Council ( he, מועצה אזורית מגידו, ''Mo'atza Azorit Megido'') is a regional council in northern Israel encompassing land on the Menashe Plateau, and partly in the Jezreel Valley. The council is bounded by the ci ...
started a project for cooperation between the five villages of Ma'ale Iron and the thirteen communities of Megiddo. Two teams from each council participate in sports, community and environmental work. Art galleries displaying the works of locals were opened in localities in both councils and annual activities such as planting trees in Tu BiShvat have been conducted.


Villages


Bayada

Bayada lies on top of
Musheirifa Al-Musheirifa ( ar, المشيرفة, he, מושיריפה or ) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the juri ...
. It was a neighborhood of Musheirifa until it broke away. The vast majority of the residents are members of the Jabarin clan. In the 2008 census Bayada's population was counted with Musheirifa and together their population was 3,100.


Musmus

Musmus lies below Musheirifa. Most of the residents belong to the Ighbarieh and Mahagna clans. The village is the birthplace of the Palestinian poet
Rashid Hussein Rashid Hussein Mahmoud ( ar, راشد حسين, he, ראשד חוסיין; 1936 – 2 February 1977) was a Palestinian poet, orator, journalist and Arabic-Hebrew translator. He was born in Musmus, Mandatory Palestine. He published his first colle ...
. Highway 65 passes through the village and splits it into two parts. In the 2008 census, Musmus's population was 3,900.


Musheirifa

Musheirifa lies between Musmus and Bayada. The inhabitants are largely members of the Ighbarieh clan, which inhabits the upper parts of the village, and the Jabbarin clan, which inhabit the lower parts. In the 2008 census Musheirifa's population was counted with Bayada and together their population was 3,100.


Salem

Salem lies near the Green Line and the
separation barrier A separation barrier or separation wall is a barrier, wall or fence, constructed to limit the movement of people across a certain line or border, or to separate peoples or cultures. A separation barrier that runs along an internationally recogni ...
. Salem is divided into two parts. The western part is inhabited by members of the Abu Bakr clan and the Eastern part is inhabited by members of the Araf'aiya and Subaihat clans as well as some other clans. According to the 2008 census there were 1,600 residents in the village.


Zalafa

Zalafa lies between
Musmus Musmus ( ar, مُصمُص, he, מוצמוץ / ) is an Arab village in Haifa District. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iro ...
and Salem. In the 2008 census,
Zalafa Zalafa ( ar, زلفة, he, זלפה) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local ...
's population was 4,000.


Demographics

In 2014 Ma'ale Iron had residents, all of whom are Arabs and 99.9% are
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
s. In 2013, 41.9% of the residents were 17 or under, 54.2% were 18–64 and 3.9% were aged 65+. There were 2,126 families living in 2,629 households. There were 3,491 students in 7 schools: 4 elementary schools and 3 high schools. 50.8% were entitled to a
Bagrut Te'udat Bagrut (, ''lit.'' "maturity certificate", Arabic: شهادة بجروت) is a certificate that attests that a student has successfully passed Israel's high school matriculation examination. Bagrut is a prerequisite for higher education ...
.


Sports

There are three soccer groups in the villages: *Hapoel Bnei Zalafa – plays in
Liga Bet Liga Bet ( he, ליגה ב', lit. ''League B'') is the fourth tier of the Israeli football league system. It is divided into four regional divisions. History League football started in Israel in 1949–50, a year after the Israeli Declaration of ...
and hosts matches in a soccer field in Umm el-Fahm. *Bnei Musheirifa Bayada – plays in
Liga Gimel Liga Gimel ( he, ליגה ג', lit. ''League C'') is the fifth and bottom division of Israeli Football League, a position it has held since 2009. From Liga Alef and downwards to this, each league is separated by region as well. History Liga Gimel ...
and hosts matches in a soccer field in
Barkai Barkai ( he, בַּרְקַאי, lit=morning star) is an Israeli kibbutz in the Menashe Regional Council on the western side of Wadi Ara. In , it had a population of . History Kibbutz Barkai was founded on 10 May 1949 on land that had belonged to ...
. *Hapoel Bnei Musmus – plays in
Liga Gimel Liga Gimel ( he, ליגה ג', lit. ''League C'') is the fifth and bottom division of Israeli Football League, a position it has held since 2009. From Liga Alef and downwards to this, each league is separated by region as well. History Liga Gimel ...
and hosts matches in a soccer field in Umm el-Fahm.


See also

*
Arab localities in Israel Arab localities in Israel include all population centers with a 50% or higher Arab population in Israel. East Jerusalem and Golan Heights are not internationally recognized parts of Israel proper but have been included in this list. According to ...


References


External links

*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 8
IAAWikimedia commons
{{Haifa District Arab localities in Israel Wadi Ara Local councils in Haifa District