This is a list of

English language English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the is ...

words whose origin can be traced to the

Spanish language Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a world language, global language with more than 500 millio ...

as "Spanish

loan word A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language. This is in contrast to cognates, which are words in two or more languages that are similar because the ...

s". Words typical of "

Mock Spanish Mock Spanish is a loaded term used to describe a variety of Spanish-inspired phrases used by speakers of English. Spanish-inspired phrases are generally used in a humorous way, but at least one person has asserted that it could lead to unfavorabl ...

" used in the United States are listed separately.

A

; abaca: via Spanish ''abacá'' from Tagalog ''abaká'' ; abalone: from Spanish '', from Ohlone ''aluan'' or Rumsen ''awlun.'' ; adios: from Spanish 'adiós' meaning "goodbye" < latin ''ad deus'' "to god" (short for "a Dios seas", "a Dios seades", literally, "may (you) be (commended) to God") ;

adobe Adobe ( ; ) is a building material made from earth and organic materials. is Spanish for ''mudbrick''. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is used to refer to any kind of e ...

: From

Egyptian Egyptian describes something of, from, or related to Egypt. Egyptian or Egyptians may refer to: Nations and ethnic groups * Egyptians, a national group in North Africa ** Egyptian culture, a complex and stable culture with thousands of years of ...

via

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...

"Al-tub" ; aficionado: from past participle of ''aficionar,'' to inspire affection, from ''afición'' affection, from Latin'' affection''-,'' affectio'', from ''afficere'' . ; albatross: from ''alcatraz'', see below. ; Alcalde: from ''alcalde'', magistrate. ;

Alcatraz Alcatraz Island () is a small island in San Francisco Bay, offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The island was developed in the mid-19th century with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, and a military pris ...

: (meaning "

gannet Gannets are seabirds comprising the genus ''Morus'' in the family Sulidae, closely related to boobies. Gannets are large white birds with yellowish heads; black-tipped wings; and long bills. Northern gannets are the largest seabirds in the ...

") from Arabic غطاس al-ġaţţās ("the diver") ;

alidade An alidade () (archaic forms include alhidade, alhidad, alidad) or a turning board is a device that allows one to sight a distant object and use the line of sight to perform a task. This task can be, for example, to triangulate a scale map on site ...

: via French, Spanish ''alidada'' and

Medieval Latin Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages. In this region it served as the primary written language, though local languages were also written to varying degrees. Latin functioned ...

''alhidade'' from Arabic العهدة ''al-idada'', "the revolving radius" ;

alligator An alligator is a large reptile in the Crocodilia order in the genus ''Alligator'' of the family Alligatoridae. The two extant species are the American alligator (''A. mississippiensis'') and the Chinese alligator (''A. sinensis''). Additiona ...

: from ''el lagarto'', "the lizard" < latín ''lacartus'' < ''lacertus''. ;

alpaca The alpaca (''Lama pacos'') is a species of South American camelid mammal. It is similar to, and often confused with, the llama. However, alpacas are often noticeably smaller than llamas. The two animals are closely related and can successfu ...

: via Spanish, from

Aymara Aymara may refer to: Languages and people * Aymaran languages, the second most widespread Andean language ** Aymara language, the main language within that family ** Central Aymara, the other surviving branch of the Aymara(n) family, which today ...

''allpaqa'' ;

aludel An aludel ( ar, ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻞ from Greek , 'smoky, sooty, burnt-colored') is a subliming pot used in alchemy. The term refers to a range of earthen tubes, or pots without bottoms, fitted one over another, and diminishing as they advance towa ...

: from

Old French Old French (, , ; Modern French: ) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France from approximately the 8th to the 14th centuries. Rather than a unified language, Old French was a linkage of Romance dialects, mutually intelligib ...

''alutel'', via Spanish and Medieval Latin from Arabic الأثال ''al-ʾuṯāl'', "the sublimation vessel" ;

amigo Amigo(s) (Portuguese and Spanish for ''male friend'') may refer to: People * Carlos Amigo Vallejo (born 1934), Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop emeritus of Seville Places Facilities * Amigos School, a bilingual primary school in Cambridge, Ma ...

: from Spanish and/or Portuguese ''amigo'', "friend"; from Latin ''amicus'' meaning "friend," derived from ''amare'' (''to love''). ;amole: Mexican Spanish from Nahautl ''amolli'' meaning "soap root." ;

amontillado Amontillado () is a variety of sherry wine characterised by being darker than fino but lighter than oloroso. It is named after the Montilla region of Spain, where the style originated in the 18th century, although the name "Amontillado" is somet ...

: from the village of Montilla "little mount", Province of Córdoba, Spain ;

ancho The poblano (''Capsicum annuum'') is a mild chili pepper originating in the state of Puebla, Mexico. Dried, it is called ancho or chile ancho, from the Spanish word ''ancho'' ("wide"). Stuffed fresh and roasted it is popular in '' chiles relle ...

: from Mexican Spanish ''(chile) ancho'', "wide (chili)" < latin ''amplus'' ;

anchovy An anchovy is a small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water. More than 140 species are placed in 1 ...

: from Spanish ''anchoa'' or more probably Portuguese ''anchova'' meaning "bluefish"; from Genoese or Corsican dialect; ultimately from Latin ''apua'' meaning "small fish" and Greek Αφυε ''aphye'' meaning "small fry" or from Basque ''anchuva'' meaning "dry" ;

Angeleno A person from Los Angeles is called an Angeleno. The demographics of Los Angeles are determined by population surveys such as the American Community Survey and the United States Census. According to U.S. Census Bureau estimates, Los Angeles' ...

: from American Spanish ;

Apache The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño an ...

: from Mexican Spanish from

Yavapai The Yavapai are a Native American tribe in Arizona. Historically, the Yavapai – literally “people of the sun” (from ''Enyaava'' “sun” + ''Paay'' “people”) – were divided into four geographical bands who identified as separate, i ...

''epache'' meaning "people" or from Zuni ''apachu'' meaning "enemy" ; armada: "armed

leet Leet (or "1337"), also known as eleet or leetspeak, is a system of modified spellings used primarily on the Internet. It often uses character replacements in ways that play on the similarity of their glyphs via reflection or other resemblance. ...

from the

Spanish navy The Spanish Navy or officially, the Armada, is the maritime branch of the Spanish Armed Forces and one of the oldest active naval forces in the world. The Spanish Navy was responsible for a number of major historic achievements in navigation, ...

, ''La armada española'' ; armadillo: from ''armadillo'', "little armored one" ; arroyo: from ''arroyo'', "stream" < ''arrugium'' ;

avocado The avocado (''Persea americana'') is a medium-sized, evergreen tree in the laurel family ( Lauraceae). It is native to the Americas and was first domesticated by Mesoamerican tribes more than 5,000 years ago. Then as now it was prized for ...

: alteration of Spanish ''aguacate'', from Nahuatl ''ahuacatl''. ;

ayahuasca AyahuascaPronounced as in the UK and in the US. Also occasionally known in English as ''ayaguasca'' ( Spanish-derived), ''aioasca'' (Brazilian Portuguese-derived), or as ''yagé'', pronounced or . Etymologically, all forms but ''yagé'' desce ...

: via Spanish from

Quechua Quechua may refer to: *Quechua people, several indigenous ethnic groups in South America, especially in Peru *Quechuan languages, a Native South American language family spoken primarily in the Andes, derived from a common ancestral language **So ...

''ayawaska'' meaning "soul vine."

B

; banana: from Spanish or

Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...

''banana'', probably from a

Wolof Wolof or Wollof may refer to: * Wolof people, an ethnic group found in Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania * Wolof language, a language spoken in Senegal, Gambia, and Mauritania * The Wolof or Jolof Empire, a medieval West African successor of the Mal ...

word, or from Arabic بأننا “ba’ nana” fingers ;

bandolier A bandolier or a bandoleer is a pocketed belt for holding either individual bullets, or belts of ammunition. It is usually slung sash-style over the shoulder and chest, with the ammunition pockets across the midriff and chest. Though functiona ...

: from Spanish ''bandolero'', meaning "band (for a weapon or other) that crosses from one shoulder to the opposite hip" and ''bandolero'', loosely meaning "he who wears a bandolier" ;

barbeque Barbecue or barbeque (informally BBQ in the UK, US, and Canada, barbie in Australia and braai in South Africa) is a term used with significant regional and national variations to describe various cooking methods that use live fire and smoke t ...

: from ''

barbacoa Barbacoa () is a form of cooking meat that originated in the Caribbean with the Taíno people, who called it by the Arawak word ''barbaca'', from which the term "barbacoa" derives, and ultimately, the word ' barbecue". In contemporary Mexico, i ...

'', from Spanish, taken from Caribbean Taínos ''barbacu'', cooking set-up with wood tray at a height over fire ;

barracuda A barracuda, or cuda for short, is a large, predatory, ray-finned fish known for its fearsome appearance and ferocious behaviour. The barracuda is a saltwater fish of the genus ''Sphyraena'', the only genus in the family Sphyraenidae, which was ...

: from ''barracuda'' May have come from barraco, meaning overlapping tooth ; barranca: from Spanish ''barranca'' or ''barranco'', ''ravine'' ;

barrio ''Barrio'' () is a Spanish language, Spanish word that means "Quarter (urban subdivision), quarter" or "neighborhood". In the modern Spanish language, it is generally defined as each area of a city, usually delimited by functional (e.g. residenti ...

: from Spanish ''barrio'', "neighborhood", from Arabic بري ''barri'', wild ;

bastinado Foot whipping, falanga/falaka or bastinado is a method of inflicting pain and humiliation by administering a beating on the soles of a person's bare feet. Unlike most types of flogging, it is meant more to be painful than to cause actual injury ...

: from ''bastonada'', from Spanish ''bastón'', cane ; bodega: from Spanish and/or Portuguese ''bodega'', meaning cellar < latin-greek ''aphothekam''. ;

bodegón The term ''bodega'' in Spanish can mean "pantry", "tavern", or "wine cellar". The derivative term ''bodegón'' is an augmentative that refers to a large ''bodega'', usually in a derogatory fashion. In Spanish art, a ''bodegón'' is a still life p ...

: from ''bodegón'' ;

bolero Bolero is a genre of song which originated in eastern Cuba in the late 19th century as part of the trova tradition. Unrelated to the older Spanish dance of the same name, bolero is characterized by sophisticated lyrics dealing with love. It has ...

: from Spanish ''bolero'' ; bonanza: from ''bonanza'' meaning "prosperity" < latin ''bonantia'' < ''bonus'' "good". ; bonito: from Spanish ''bonito'', meaning "beautiful" < latin ''bonus'' "good". ;

breeze Breeze often refers to: * A gentle to moderate wind * Sea breeze, an onshore afternoon wind, caused by warm air rising over the land in sunny weather Breeze or The Breeze may also refer to: * Breeze block a concrete masonry unit made from recovere ...

: from ''brisa'' "cold northeast wind" or from Frisian ''briesen'' - to blow (wind) ;

bronco A bucking horse is any breed or either gender of horse with a propensity to buck. They have been, and still are, referred to by various names, including bronco, broncho, and roughstock. The harder they buck, the more desirable they are for rod ...

: from ''bronco'' meaning "coarse" ; buckaroo: from ''vaquero'' meaning "cowboy", ultimately from Latin "vaccarium" "cowboy" (''vacca'' "cow"). ;

burrito A burrito (, ) is a dish in Mexican and Tex-Mex cuisine that took form in Ciudad Juárez, consisting of a flour tortilla wrapped into a sealed cylindrical shape around various ingredients. The tortilla is sometimes lightly grilled or stea ...

: diminutive of ''burro'', a dish originally from Northern Mexico, literally "little donkey" ;

burro The domestic donkey is a hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, the same family as the horse. It derives from the African wild ass, ''Equus africanus'', and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, ''Equus africanus asinus'', or as a ...

: from ''burro'', "donkey" < latin ''burricus'' "small horse".

C

;

caballero Caballero (plural: Caballeros), the Spanish word for ''knight'' or '' gentleman'', is used as a form of address for older gentlemen and may refer to: Places * Caballero, Coclé, Panama * Pedro Juan Caballero, Paraguay, a city * Santiago de los Ca ...

: from Spanish ''caballero'' meaning "knight/gentleman", from ''caballo'', "horse", Celtic ''caballos'' "horse". ; cabana: from Spanish ''cabaña'' or Portuguese ''cabana'' < latin < ''capanna''; both meaning "cabin" ;

cacique A ''cacique'' (Latin American ; ; feminine form: ''cacica'') was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, the indigenous inhabitants at European contact of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles. The term is a Spa ...

: from Spanish, from Taíno ''cacike'' or

Arawak The Arawak are a group of indigenous peoples of northern South America and of the Caribbean. Specifically, the term "Arawak" has been applied at various times to the Lokono of South America and the Taíno, who historically lived in the Great ...

''kassequa'', both meaning a chief ; cafeteria: from ''cafetería'', "coffee store" ; calaboose: from

Vulgar Latin Vulgar Latin, also known as Popular or Colloquial Latin, is the range of non-formal Register (sociolinguistics), registers of Latin spoken from the Crisis of the Roman Republic, Late Roman Republic onward. Through time, Vulgar Latin would evolve ...

''calafodium'' "to dig a protected place" and

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...

French ''calabouse'', from Spanish ''calabozo'' ;

caldera A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcano eruption. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time, structural support for the rock above the magma chamber is ...

: from Spanish ''caldera'' meaning "cauldron" from Latin ''caldaria'', "cooking pot." ;

California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...

: place name first seen in print in 1510 Spanish novel '

Las sergas de Esplandián ''Las Sergas de Esplandián'' (''The Adventures of Esplandián'') is a novel written by Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo in the late fifteenth or early sixteenth century. The novel is a sequel to a popular fifteenth century set of chivalric romance n ...

' by

Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo (; c. 1450 – 1505) was a Castilian author who arranged the modern version of the chivalric romance '' Amadis of Gaul'', originally written in three books in the 14th century by an unknown author. Montalvo incorpora ...

; camarilla: from ''camarilla'', "small room" diminutive of ''cámara'' "room" < latin ''camara''. ; camino: from ''camino'' a path or road, from Celtic ''cammanos'' "road". ;

cannibal Cannibalism is the act of consuming another individual of the same species as food. Cannibalism is a common ecological interaction in the animal kingdom and has been recorded in more than 1,500 species. Human cannibalism is well documented, bo ...

: from Spanish ''caníbal'', alteration of ''caríbal'', from Caribe ;

canoe A canoe is a lightweight narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using a single-bladed paddle. In British English, the term ...

: from Spanish ''canoa'', from

Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...

an ''canaoua'' ; canyon: from ''cañón'' with same meaning. Derived from ''caño'', "a pipe, tube, gorge, tube;" ultimately from Latin ''canna'' meaning "reed." ;

carabao The carabao ( es, Carabao; tgl, Kalabaw; ceb, Kabaw; ilo, Nuang) is a domestic swamp-type water buffalo (''Bubalus bubalis'') native to the Philippines. Carabaos were introduced to Guam from the Spanish Philippines in the 17th century. They ...

: from Spanish from

Visayan language The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines. They are most closely related to Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages. Mo ...

''kalabaw'', from

Malay language Malay (; ms, Bahasa Melayu, links=no, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , Rejang script, Rencong: ) is an Austronesian languages, Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spo ...

''kerabau.'' ; caramba: from Spanish, meaning "heck"; expression of dread, displeasure, or disapproval, euphemism for ''carajo'' ;

carbonado Carbonado, commonly known as black diamond, is one of the toughest forms of natural diamond. It is an impure, high-density, micro-porous form of polycrystalline diamond consisting of diamond, graphite, and amorphous carbon, with minor crysta ...

: from ''carbonada'', from ''carbón'' meaning "coal" ;

cargo Cargo consists of bulk goods conveyed by water, air, or land. In economics, freight is cargo that is transported at a freight rate for commercial gain. ''Cargo'' was originally a shipload but now covers all types of freight, including trans ...

: from the verb ''cargar'' meaning "to load" ;

Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...

: from Spanish ''Caribe'', from name of Carib Indians of the region. ;

cassava ''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava (), manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively ...

: from ''cazabe'', from Taíno ''caçábi'' ;

caudillo A ''caudillo'' ( , ; osp, cabdillo, from Latin , diminutive of ''caput'' "head") is a type of personalist leader wielding military and political power. There is no precise definition of ''caudillo'', which is often used interchangeably with " ...

: from ''caudillo'', from Latin ''capitellium'' "head" meaning "leader" ; cedilla: from ''cedilla'', archaic spelling ''zedilla'' (little z), "elsewhere" ;

chaparral Chaparral ( ) is a shrubland plant community and geographical feature found primarily in the U.S. state of California, in southern Oregon, and in the northern portion of the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. It is shaped by a Mediterranean c ...

: from Spanish, ''chaparro'' loosely meaning small evergreen oak, from Basque ''txapar'', "small, short" ; chaps: from Mexican Spanish ''chaparreras'', leg protectors for riding through chaparral ;

chayote Chayote (''Sechium edule''), also known as mirliton and choko, is an edible plant belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. This fruit was first cultivated in Mesoamerica between southern Mexico and Honduras, with the most genetic diversity ...

: from Spanish, literally: "squash", from Nahuatl ''chayotl'' meaning "spiny squash" ; chicha: from Spanish ''chicha'', from

Kuna Kuna may refer to: Places * Kuna, Idaho, a town in the United States ** Kuna Caves, a lava tube in Idaho * Kuna Peak, a mountain in California * , a village in the Orebić municipality, Croatia * , a village in the Konavle municipality, Croatia ...

''chichab'', meaning "maize" or from Nahuatl ''chichiatl'', "fermented water." ;

chicle Chicle () is a natural gum traditionally used in making chewing gum and other products. It is collected from several species of Mesoamerican trees in the genus ''Manilkara'', including '' M. zapota'', '' M. chicle'', '' M. staminodella'', and '' ...

: from ''chicle'' "gum", from Nahuatl ''tzictli'' "squishy stuff" or

Mayan Mayan most commonly refers to: * Maya peoples, various indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Maya civilization, pre-Columbian culture of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Mayan languages, language family spoken ...

''tsicte.'' ;

chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

: from Spanish ''chile'', from

Nahuatl Nahuatl (; ), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about Nahua peoples, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller ...

''chilli'' ;

chipotle A chipotle (, ; ), or ''chilpotle'', is a smoke-dried ripe jalapeño chili pepper used for seasoning. It is a chili used primarily in Mexican and Mexican-inspired cuisines, such as Tex-Mex and Southwestern United States dishes. It comes in dif ...

: from Spanish, smoked jalapeño, from Nahuatl ''chilpoctli'' ;

chocolate Chocolate is a food made from roasted and ground cacao seed kernels that is available as a liquid, solid, or paste, either on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods. Cacao has been consumed in some form since at least the Olmec civ ...

: from Spanish ''chocolate'', from Nahuatl ''xocolatl'' meaning "hot water" or from a combination of the

word ''chocol'' meaning "hot" and the Nahuatl word ''atl'' meaning "water." ;

Choctaw The Choctaw (in the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native American people originally based in the Southeastern Woodlands, in what is now Alabama and Mississippi. Their Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are ...

: from the native name ''Chahta'' of unknown meaning but also said to come from Spanish ''chato'' (="flattened") because of the tribe's custom of flattening the heads of male infants. ; chorizo: from ''chorizo'', "sausage" ;

churro A churro (, ) is a type of fried dough from Spanish and Portuguese cuisine. They are also found in Latin American cuisine and in other areas that have received immigration from Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries, especially in the Sou ...

: from ''churro'', "fritter" ; cienega or cienaga: from ''ciénaga'', "swamp" < latin ''caenus'' "mud" and native suffix -aka, ''caénaka''. ;

cigar A cigar is a rolled bundle of dried and fermented tobacco leaves made to be smoked. Cigars are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes. Since the 20th century, almost all cigars are made of three distinct components: the filler, the binder l ...

: from Spanish ''cigarro'' meaning "fag (UK), stogie, stogy", from Mayan ''sicar'' or ''sic'', "tobacco" ;

cigarette A cigarette is a narrow cylinder containing a combustible material, typically tobacco, that is rolled into thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end, causing it to smolder; the resulting smoke is orally inhaled via the opp ...

: from French ''cigarette'' "little weed", diminutive of French ''cigare'' "stogie", from Spanish ''cigarro'' meaning "fag (UK), stogie, stogy." ;

cilantro Coriander (;

: from Spanish ''cilantro'' < latin ''coriandrum'', "coriander" ;

coca Coca is any of the four cultivated plants in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America. Coca is known worldwide for its psychoactive alkaloid, cocaine. The plant is grown as a cash crop in the Argentine Northwest, Bolivia, ...

: from Spanish, ''coca'' meaning "coke", from

''kuka'' ;

cockroach Cockroaches (or roaches) are a paraphyletic group of insects belonging to Blattodea, containing all members of the group except termites. About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. Some species are well-known as ...

: from Spanish ''cucaracha'' ;

cocoa Cocoa may refer to: Chocolate * Chocolate * ''Theobroma cacao'', the cocoa tree * Cocoa bean, seed of ''Theobroma cacao'' * Chocolate liquor, or cocoa liquor, pure, liquid chocolate extracted from the cocoa bean, including both cocoa butter and ...

or cacao: from Spanish ''cacao'', from Nahuatl ''cacáhuatl'' ;

cojones The Spanish language employs a wide range of swear words that vary between Spanish speaking nations and in regions and subcultures of each nation. Idiomatic expressions, particularly profanity, are not always directly translatable into other ...

: from Spanish ''cojones'' < latin ''coleones'' meaning "balls, testicles", to denote courage ;

Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of t ...

: from Spanish ''colorado'' < latin ''coloratus'', red or colored ;

comrade The term ''comrade'' (russian: товарищ, tovarisch) generally means 'mate', 'colleague', or 'ally', and derives from the Spanish and Portuguese, term , literally meaning 'chamber mate', from Latin , meaning 'chamber' or 'room'. It may also ...

: from French ''camarade'' meaning "friend", from Spanish ''camarada'' < latin ''camara'' "room", "pal, mate" ;

condor Condor is the common name for two species of New World vultures, each in a monotypic genus. The name derives from the Quechua ''kuntur''. They are the largest flying land birds in the Western Hemisphere. They are: * The Andean condor (''Vu ...

: from Spanish, from Quechua ''kuntur'' ;

conquistador Conquistadors (, ) or conquistadores (, ; meaning 'conquerors') were the explorer-soldiers of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires of the 15th and 16th centuries. During the Age of Discovery, conquistadors sailed beyond Europe to the Americas, O ...

: from ''conquistador'' meaning "conqueror", from ''conquista'' < latin ''conquisita'', "conquest" ; coquina: from ''coquina'', dim. form of "concha" meaning seashell; a sedimentary rock of NE Florida ;

cordillera A cordillera is an extensive chain and/or network system of mountain ranges, such as those in the west coast of the Americas. The term is borrowed from Spanish, where the word comes from , a diminutive of ('rope'). The term is most commonly u ...

: from ''cordillera'', "range" < ''cordel'' "cord". ;

corral A pen is an enclosure for holding livestock. It may also perhaps be used as a term for an enclosure for other animals such as pets that are unwanted inside the house. The term describes types of enclosures that may confine one or many animal ...

: from ''corral'' meaning "pen, yard" from Portuguese ''curral'' meaning "pen" of unknown; perhaps ultimately from

Afrikaans Afrikaans (, ) is a West Germanic language that evolved in the Dutch Cape Colony from the Dutch vernacular of Holland proper (i.e., the Hollandic dialect) used by Dutch, French, and German settlers and their enslaved people. Afrikaans gra ...

''kraal'' or from Vulgar Latin ''currale'' loosely meaning "enclosure for vehicles." ; corrida: a

bullfight Bullfighting is a physical contest that involves a bullfighter attempting to subdue, immobilize, or kill a bull, usually according to a set of rules, guidelines, or cultural expectations. There are several variations, including some forms wh ...

(literally: "raced") ;

coyote The coyote (''Canis latrans'') is a species of canis, canine native to North America. It is smaller than its close relative, the wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf. It fills much of the same ecologica ...

: from Spanish ''coyote'', from Nahuatl ''coyotl'' ;

cowboy A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks. The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the '' vaquer ...

: from Spanish ''vaquero'', an individual who managed cattle while mounted on horseback, from ''vaca'', "cow", from Latin ''vacca'' ; creole: from French ''créole'', from Spanish ''criollo'', from Portuguese ''crioulo'', raised in the house ; crimson: from Old Spanish ''cremesín'', via

''cremesinus'' from Arabic قيرميزل ''qirmizI'', from

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

قرمز ''qermez'' kermes; ultimately from

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

कृमिज ''krmi-ja'' meaning "worm-made." ;

crusade The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were i ...

: blend of

Middle French Middle French (french: moyen français) is a historical division of the French language that covers the period from the 14th to the 16th century. It is a period of transition during which: * the French language became clearly distinguished from ...

''croisade'' and Spanish ''cruzada''; both ultimately from Latin ''crux, crucis'' "cross" ; cuadrilla: from ''cuadrilla'' "group of people" diminutive of ''cuadro'' "square" < latin ''quadrus''. ;

cumbia Cumbia refers to a number of musical rhythms and folk dance traditions of Latin America, generally involving musical and cultural elements from American Indigenous peoples, enslaved Africans during colonial times, and Europeans. Examples include: ...

: from Spanish ''cumbia'', a popular dance (for couples) originating in

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

D

;

daiquiri The daiquiri (; es, daiquirí ) is a cocktail whose main ingredients are rum, citrus juice (typically lime juice), and sugar or other sweetener. The daiquiri is one of the six basic drinks listed in David A. Embury's classic '' The Fine Ar ...

: from ''Daiquiri'', a port city in eastern Cuba ;

dengue Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic ...

: from Spanish ''dengue'' meaning "fever", from Swahili ''dinga'', "seizure" ;

derecho A ''derecho'' (, from es, derecho, link=no , 'straight') is a widespread, long-lived, straight-line wind storm that is associated with a fast-moving group of severe thunderstorms known as a mesoscale convective system. Derechos can cause hurri ...

: from Spanish ''derecho '' meaning "straight" or "masculine of ''right side''" < latin ''directum'', a widespread and long-lived convection-induced straight-line windstorm ;

descamisado Descamisado () is a Spanish word that literally means "without shirt" or "shirtless". History The term was originally used by the narrator in Victor Hugo's seminal 1862 novel ''Les Misérables'' to refer to the revolutionary Spanish masses. Foll ...

: from Spanish ''descamisado'', "without a shirt" < camisa "shirt" < celtic ''kamisia''. ;

desperado Desperado may refer to: * Outlaw, particularly in the American Old West Books * ''Desperadoes'' (comics), a comic book series * ''Desperadoes'' (novel), a 1979 novel by Ron Hansen * Desperado Publishing, an American independent comic book publ ...

: from Spanish ''desesperado'', desperate ;

doubloon The doubloon (from Spanish ''doblón'', or "double", i.e. ''double escudo'') was a two-''escudo'' gold coin worth approximately $4 (four Spanish dollars) or 32 '' reales'', and weighing 6.766 grams (0.218 troy ounce) of 22-karat gold (or 0.917 fi ...

: from Spanish doblón : meaning "two-sided" for two-headed coin ("doble" is double in Spanish < latin ''duplex'').

E

; El Dorado: from ''El Dorado'', literally, "the golden one" ;

El Niño El Niño (; ; ) is the warm phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (approximately between the International Date L ...

: from ''El Niño de la Navidad'', literally, "the Christmas child" due to the warming of Pacific waters seemed to warm around Christmas ; embarcadero: from ''embarcadero'' a boat dock, from ''barca'' "rowboat". ;

embargo Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions are not necessarily imposed because of economic circumstances—they m ...

: from Spanish ''embargar'', to "seize" or "impound" < latin ''imbarricare''. ;

escabeche __NOTOC__ Escabeche is the name for a number of dishes in Spanish, Portuguese, Filipino and Latin American cuisines, consisting of marinated fish, meat or vegetables, cooked or pickled in an acidic sauce (usually with vinegar), and colored w ...

: from ''escabeche'', "pickle" < Arabic ''assukkabáǧ''. ;

escopeteros During the Cuban revolution, escopeteros were essential scouts and pickets from the Sierra Maestra and other mountain ranges to the plains. The "escopeteros" were responsible for semi-continuously holding terrain against smaller sized Batista pat ...

: from Spanish ''escopetero'', "musketeer", from ''escopeta'' "shotgun" < italian ''schioppetto''.

F

;

Federales ''Federales'' (singular ''Federale'' or, rarely but aligning with Spanish, ''Federal'') is a Spanglish word used in an informal context to denote security forces operating under a federal political system. The term gained widespread usage by E ...

: from ''Federales'', "federal police" ; fiesta: from the Spanish ''fiesta'' meaning "party" < latin ''festa'' ;

Flamenco Flamenco (), in its strictest sense, is an art form based on the various folkloric music traditions of southern Spain, developed within the gitano subculture of the region of Andalusia, and also having historical presence in Extremadura and ...

: "Spanish genre of music and dance typical of the gypsies". From Dutch ''flaming'' "from Flanders" (in the past it was believed that the gypsies were of German origin) ;

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

: from ''La Florida,'' the flowery or plant-filled place or ''pascua florida,'' "flowery

Easter Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the '' Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...

." ;

flotilla A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a small ''flota'' ( fleet) of ships), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. Composition A flotilla is usually composed of a homogeneous group of the same clas ...

: diminutive of ''flota'', "fleet"

G

;

galleon Galleons were large, multi-decked sailing ships first used as armed cargo carriers by European states from the 16th to 18th centuries during the age of sail and were the principal vessels drafted for use as warships until the Anglo-Dutch W ...

: from Spanish "galeón" (a large sailing ship having three or more masts, from the 15th to 18th century) ;

gaucho A gaucho () or gaúcho () is a skilled horseman, reputed to be brave and unruly. The figure of the gaucho is a folk symbol of Argentina, Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, and the south of Chilean Patagonia. Gauchos became greatly admired and ...

: from Mapuche "Argentine cowboy" ;

gracias Gracias () is a small Honduran town/municipality that was founded in 1536, and is the capital of Lempira Department. The municipality has a population of 57,182 and the town a population of 16,680 (2020 calculation). It is located in the moun ...

: from Latin expression ''gratias agere'' ("to give thanks") ; gringo: probably from ''griego'' ("Greek"), in reference to the language (''cf.''

Greek to me That's Greek to me or it's (all) Greek to me is an idiom in English referring to an expression that is difficult to understand for the sayer. It is commonly a complex or imprecise verbal or written expression or diagram, often containing excessive ...

), and originally referring to any type of foreigner ;

guacamole Guacamole (; (informally shortened to ''guac'' in the United States since the 1980s) is an avocado-based dip, spread, or salad first developed in Mexico. In addition to its use in modern Mexican cuisine, it has become part of international cuisi ...

: via American Spanish from Nahuatl ''ahuaca-molli'' ("avocado sauce") ; guerrilla: from Spanish obsolete meaning "small war" or current meaning "fire-armed group" (raised out of unbalanced democracy) from ''guerra'' "war" < Gothic ''werra'' "war" ()

H

;

habanero The habanero (; ) is a hot variety of chili. Unripe habaneros are green, and they color as they mature. The most common color variants are orange and red, but the fruit may also be white, brown, yellow, green, or purple. Typically, a ripe hab ...

: from the Spanish for the name of the Cuban city of La Habana, which is known as Havana in English. Although it is not the place of origin, it was frequently traded there. ; hacienda: from Old Spanish ''facienda'', "estate" ;

hackamore A hackamore is a type of animal headgear which does not have a bit. Instead, it has a special type of noseband that works on pressure points on the face, nose, and chin. Hackamores are most often seen in western riding and other styles of r ...

: from Spanish ''jaquima'', "halter." ;

hola In molecular biology, the δ (delta) subunit of DNA polymerase III is encoded by the holA gene in '' E. coli'' and other bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one bio ...

: Spanish greeting, equivalent to "hello" ; Hispano: From Spanish ''

hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...

''. Also came from Latin ''Hispania'', the whole Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal) called by Romans. ; hombre: from Spanish ''hombre'', "man" < medieval ''homre'' < latin ''hominis'' ; hoosegow: from Spanish ''juzgado,'' courthouse, from ''juzgar'' < latin ''iudicare'' "to judge" ;

hurricane A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...

: from Spanish ''huracán'', from Taíno ''hurákan''; akin to Arawak ''kulakani,'' thunder

I

;

Inca The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, (Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The admin ...

: via Spanish ''inca'', from Quechua ''Inka,'' literally: "lord, king." ;

incommunicado Incommunicado, from the Spanish incomunicado, means "cut off from contact", "impossible to reach". It may also refer to: *''Incommunicado'', an album by Alex Smoke * "Incommunicado" (song), a 1987 single by Marillion * Solitary confinement, one o ...

: from ''incomunicado'', without communication (in the mountains, in the jail,...), "in

solitary confinement Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which the inmate lives in a single cell with little or no meaningful contact with other people. A prison may enforce stricter measures to control contraband on a solitary prisoner and use additi ...

." ;

iguana ''Iguana'' (, ) is a genus of herbivorous lizards that are native to tropical areas of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. The genus was first described in 1768 by Austrian naturalist Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti in his ...

: from Spanish ''iguana'' from Arawak ''iwana.''

J

;

jade Jade is a mineral used as jewellery or for ornaments. It is typically green, although may be yellow or white. Jade can refer to either of two different silicate minerals: nephrite (a silicate of calcium and magnesium in the amphibole group of ...

: from Spanish ''piedra de ijada'', "stone of flank." ;

jalapeño The jalapeño ( , , ) is a medium-sized chili pepper pod type cultivar of the species ''Capsicum annuum''. A mature jalapeño chili is long and hangs down with a round, firm, smooth flesh of wide. It can have a range of pungency, with Scovi ...

: from Spanish, a type of spicy

chilli Chili or chilli may refer to: Food * Chili pepper, the spicy fruit of plants in the genus ''Capsicum''; sometimes spelled "chilli" in the UK and "chile" in the southwestern US * Chili powder, the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties ...

named after Jalapa de Enríquez, a town in Mexico, and the capital of the state of

Veracruz Veracruz (), formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave), is one of the 31 states which, along with Me ...

;

jerky Jerky is lean trimmed meat cut into strips and dried (dehydrated) to prevent spoilage. Normally, this drying includes the addition of salt to prevent bacteria growth before the meat has finished the dehydrating process. The word "jerky" derive ...

: via Spanish ''charqui'', from

''ch'arki'', "dried flesh" ;

junta Junta may refer to: Government and military * Junta (governing body) (from Spanish), the name of various historical and current governments and governing institutions, including civil ones ** Military junta, one form of junta, government led by ...

: from Spanish ''junta'' literally "joint"; a board of joint administration; sometimes used to refer to military officers command in a

coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...

. As an adjective, it means "together".

K

;

key Key or The Key may refer to: Common meanings * Key (cryptography), a piece of information that controls the operation of a cryptography algorithm * Key (lock), device used to control access to places or facilities restricted by a lock * Key (map ...

: from Spanish ''cayo'', from Taíno ''cayo'' (this is English 'key'/'cay'/'quay' as in an island, reef or a linked series of them, not the 'key' with which one locks/unlocks doors)

L

;

La Niña La Niña (; ) is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon that is the colder counterpart of as part of the broader El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate pattern. The name ''La Niña'' originates from Spanish for "the girl", by an ...

: "The little girl", complementary weather pattern to (''q.v.'') El Niño ;

lariat A lasso ( or ), also called lariat, riata, or reata (all from Castilian, la reata 're-tied rope'), is a loop of rope designed as a restraint to be thrown around a target and tightened when pulled. It is a well-known tool of the Spanish an ...

: from ''la reata'', meaning "the strap, rein, or rope" from ''reatar'' ("to tie again") from atar "to tie (up);" from Latin ''aparte'', "to join." ;

lasso A lasso ( or ), also called lariat, riata, or reata (all from Castilian, la reata 're-tied rope'), is a loop of rope designed as a restraint to be thrown around a target and tightened when pulled. It is a well-known tool of the Spanish an ...

: via

American English American English, sometimes called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of variety (linguistics), varieties of the English language native to the United States. English is the Languages of the United States, most widely spoken lan ...

from Spanish ''lazo'' meaning "tie; or rope" ultimately from Latin laqueum, "noose, snare." ;

Latino Latino or Latinos most often refers to: * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America * Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States * The people or cultures of Latin America; ** Latin A ...

: English short for the Spanish word ''latinoamericano'', formed by ''latino'' "related to the Latin empire and language" and ''americano'' "from the Americas" ;

llama The llama (; ) (''Lama glama'') is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a List of meat animals, meat and pack animal by Inca empire, Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era. Llamas are social animals and live with othe ...

: via Spanish ''llama'', from Quechua ''llama'' ; Llanos: from Spanish ''llano'' "plain" < latin ''planus''; vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela. ;

loco Loco or El Loco may refer to: Places United States * Loco, Georgia, an unincorporated community * Loco, Oklahoma, a village * Loco, Texas, an unincorporated community * Loco Mountain (Labinero, Montana), a mountain peak of the Crazy Mountains ...

: from ''loco'', "mad" or "crazy" ;

Lolita ''Lolita'' is a 1955 novel written by Russian-American novelist Vladimir Nabokov. The novel is notable for its controversial subject: the protagonist and unreliable narrator, a middle-aged literature professor under the pseudonym Humbert Humber ...

: from the diminutive for

Lola Lola may refer to: Places * Lolá, a or subdistrict of Panama * Lola Township, Cherokee County, Kansas, United States * Lola Prefecture, Guinea * Lola, Guinea, a town in Lola Prefecture * Lola Island, in the Solomon Islands People * Lola ...

, short for

Dolores Dolores, Spanish for "pain; grief", most commonly refers to: * Our Lady of Sorrows or La Virgen María de los Dolores * Dolores (given name) Dolores may also refer to: Film * ''Dolores'' (2017 film), an American documentary by Peter Bratt * ' ...

M

;

macho Machismo (; ; ; ) is the sense of being " manly" and self-reliant, a concept associated with "a strong sense of masculine pride: an exaggerated masculinity". Machismo is a term originating in the early 1930s and 1940s best defined as hav ...

: from ''macho'' "male, brave" < latin ''masculus'', the property of being overtly masculine. ; majordomo: via Spanish ''mayordomo'' or Italian ''maggiordomo'' (both meaning "butler") from Latin ''maior domus'' meaning "mayor of the place." ;

mano Mano may refer to: People * Mano people, an ethnic group in Liberia * Mano (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname * Mano (Mozambican footballer) (born 1984), real name Celso Halilo de Abdul * Mano (Portuguese footballer) ...

: from ''mano'', "hand". Stone handtool ; manzanilla: from Spanish ''manzanilla'', a natural tea for some superficial pains. The word is diminutive of ''manzana'' "apple" ;

marijuana Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant. Native to Central or South Asia, the cannabis plant has been used as a drug for both recreational and entheogenic purposes and in various tra ...

: from Spanish ''marihuana'' meaning

cannabis ''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized: ''Cannabis sativa'', '' C. indica'', and '' C. ruderalis''. Alternatively ...

. ; maroon: from the Spanish ''cimarrón'', which was derived from an Arawakan root ;

matador A bullfighter (or matador) is a performer in the activity of bullfighting. ''Torero'' () or ''toureiro'' (), both from Latin ''taurarius'', are the Spanish and Portuguese words for bullfighter and describe all the performers in the activit ...

: from ''matador'' meaning "killer" from ''matar'' ("to kill") probably from Arabic مات ''mata'' meaning "he died", also possibly cognate with Persian مردن ''mordan'', "to die" as well as English "murder." Another theory is that the word "matador" is derived from a combination of the Vulgar Latin mattāre, from Late Latin ''mactare'' (to slaughter, kill) and the Latin ''-tor'' (which is cognate with Greek τορ ''-tōr'' and Sanskrit तर ''-tar-.'') ; merengue: a type of music and dance originating in the Dominican Republic ;

mesa A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by ...

: from ''mesa'', table < latin ''mensa''. The corresponding Spanish word to a flat top mountain is ''meseta'' ; mescal: from Spanish ''mezcal'', from Nahuatl ''mexcalli'' ;

mesquite Mesquite is a common name for several plants in the genus '' Prosopis'', which contains over 40 species of small leguminous trees. They are native to dry areas in the Americas. They have extremely long roots to seek water from very far under gr ...

: from Mexican Spanish ''mezquite'', from Nahuatl ''mizquitl'' ;

mestizo (; ; fem. ) is a term used for racial classification to refer to a person of mixed Ethnic groups in Europe, European and Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous American ancestry. In certain regions such as Latin America, it may also r ...

: from ''mestizo'' "racially mixed" < latin ''mixticius'' "mixed" or "mongrel", in Spanish, refers to a person of mixed European and Native American descent. ;

mojito Mojito (; ) is a traditional Cuban punch. The cocktail often consists of five ingredients: white rum, sugar (traditionally sugar cane juice), lime juice, soda water, and mint. Its combination of sweetness, citrus, and herbaceous mint flavors ...

: dim. formed from "mojado" (wet or dripping) probably referring to the mint leaves in the well known

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

n drink ;

mole Mole (or Molé) may refer to: Animals * Mole (animal) or "true mole", mammals in the family Talpidae, found in Eurasia and North America * Golden moles, southern African mammals in the family Chrysochloridae, similar to but unrelated to Talpida ...

: also from Spanish as Guacamole, from Nahuatl ''molle'' or ''molli'' ("sauce") ;

Montana Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbi ...

: from ''montaña'', a mountain ;

mosquito Mosquitoes (or mosquitos) are members of a group of almost 3,600 species of small flies within the family Culicidae (from the Latin ''culex'' meaning " gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by ''mosca'' and diminutive ''-ito'') is Spanish for "li ...

: from ''mosquito'', literally "little fly" < ''mosca'' "fly" < latin ''musca''. ; mulatto: from Spanish or Portuguese ''mulato'' meaning "octoroon, sambo" from ''mulo'' "mule" > "hybrid". in Spanish, refers to a person of mixed European-African descent. ;

mustang The mustang is a free-roaming horse of the Western United States, descended from horses brought to the Americas by the Spanish. Mustangs are often referred to as wild horses, but because they are descended from once- domesticated animals, the ...

: from ''mustango'', ''mestengo'', ''mestenco''or ''mesteño'', "without known master or owner" (archaic) ;

mustee Mixed race people are people of more than one race or ethnicity. A variety of terms have been used both historically and presently for mixed race people in a variety of contexts, including ''multiethnic'', ''polyethnic'', occasionally ''bi-eth ...

: from ''mestizo'', "racially mixed."or "mongrel"

N

;

nacho Nachos are a Mexican culinary dish consisting of fried tortilla chips or ''totopos'' covered with melted cheese or cheese sauce, as well as a variety of other toppings and garnishes, often including meats (such as ground beef or grilled chicken ...

: from ''Nacho'', a nickname for the given name ''Ignacio'', inventor of the snack ;

nada Nada may refer to: Culture *Nāda, a concept in ancient Indian metaphysics Places *Nada, Hainan, China *Nada, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in the United States *Nada, Nepal, village in Achham District, Seti Zone *Nada, Texas, United Sta ...

: from "nada" meaning " nothing." ;

Negro In the English language, ''negro'' is a term historically used to denote persons considered to be of Black African heritage. The word ''negro'' means the color black in both Spanish and in Portuguese, where English took it from. The term can be ...

: from Spanish, Portuguese, or Italian ''negro'', "black", from Latin ''nigrum'' (nom. ''niger)'' and Greek νέγρος ''négros'', both meaning "black.". In Spanish it might be derogatory (depending on intonation and facial expression on some Latin countries). ;

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...

: from ''Nevada'' ("snowy") after the Sierra Nevada ("snowy mountains") ;

nostromo ''Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard'' is a 1904 novel by Joseph Conrad, set in the fictitious South American republic of "Costaguana". It was originally published serially in monthly instalments of '' T.P.'s Weekly''. In 1998, the Modern Lib ...

: from ''nuestro amo'', "our master".

O

;

olé ¡Ole! or ¡olé! is a Spanish interjection used to cheer on or praise a performance, especially associated with the audience of bullfighting and flamenco dance. The word is also commonly used in many other contexts in Spain, and has become clos ...

: an interjection, an expression of approval or triumph, similar to the

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

''bravo'' (capable), by spectators of

bull fight ''Bull Fight'' is a coin-operated arcade game produced by Sega in 1984. Description The player assumes the role of a bullfighter attempting to defeat a bull A bull is an intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male of the species ''Bos taurus ...

s or

football (soccer) Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...

matches ; oregano: from ''orégano'', "marjoram"

P

;

pachuco Pachucos are male members of a counterculture associated with zoot suit fashion, jazz and swing music, a distinct dialect known as '' caló'', and self-empowerment in rejecting assimilation into Anglo-American society that emerged in El Paso, ...

: from ''pachuco'', "fancy-dresser." or "unsuitable or bad-looking attire" ;

paella Paella (, , , , , ) is a rice dish originally from Valencia. While non-Spaniards commonly view it as Spain's national dish, Spaniards almost unanimously consider it to be a dish from the Valencian region. Valencians, in turn, regard ''paella'' ...

: from Spanish ''paella'', from

Valencian Valencian () or Valencian language () is the official, historical and traditional name used in the Valencian Community (Spain), and unofficially in the El Carche comarca in Murcia (Spain), to refer to the Romance language also known as Catal ...

''paella'' "pan" and the dish name. Originated in Latin ''patella'', also meaning "pan." ; palmetto: from ''palmito'', "palm heart, little palm", diminutive form of the word for palm. ; pampa: via Spanish, from Quechua ''pampa'', ''plain'' ; papaya: from ''papaya'', akin to Arawak ''papáia'' ; páramo: from Spanish ''páramo'' (''moorland'') ;

patio A patio (, from es, patio ; "courtyard", "forecourt", "yard", "little garden") is an outdoor space generally used for dining or recreation that adjoins a structure and is typically paved. In Australia the term is expanded to include roofed str ...

: from ''patio'', inner courtyard, "an open paved area adjacent to a home" ; peccadillo: from ''pecadillo'', "small sin" ;

peccary A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized, pig-like hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs). They are found throughout Central and South America, Trinidad in the Caribbean, and in the southwestern area of North ...

: from Spanish ''pecarí'', from Carib ''pakira'' or ''paquira.'' ; peon: from Spanish ''peón'' ("laborer") ; peyote: from Spanish, from Nahuatl ''peyotl'' ("caterpillar") ;

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

: via Spanish ''Filipinas'' from Latin ''Philippinae'', "islands of king

Philip II of Spain Philip II) in Spain, while in Portugal and his Italian kingdoms he ruled as Philip I ( pt, Filipe I). (21 May 152713 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent ( es, Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from ...

"; ultimately from Greek Φιλιππίναι ''Philippinai'' from the Greek phrase Φίλος ίππος Νησιά ''Fílos Íppos Ni̱sí'', "Islands of the Horse Friend." ;

piccadill A piccadill or pickadill is a large broad collar of cut-work lace that became fashionable in the late 16th century and early 17th century. The term is also used for the stiffened supporter or supportasse used to hold such a collar in place. Th ...

: from ''picadillo'', "hash" ;

pimento A pimiento or pimento (or cherry pepper) is a variety of large, red, heart-shaped chili pepper ('' Capsicum annuum'') that measures 3 to 4 in (7 to 10 cm) long and 2 to 3 in (5 to 7 cm) wide (medium, elongate). Pimientos can have vari ...

pimiento A pimiento or pimento (or cherry pepper) is a variety of large, red, heart-shaped chili pepper ('' Capsicum annuum'') that measures 3 to 4 in (7 to 10 cm) long and 2 to 3 in (5 to 7 cm) wide (medium, elongate). Pimientos can have vari ...

: from ''pimiento'', "

pepper Pepper or peppers may refer to: Food and spice * Piperaceae or the pepper family, a large family of flowering plant ** Black pepper * ''Capsicum'' or pepper, a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae ** Bell pepper ** Chili ...

." ;

piña colada The piña colada (; es, piña , "pineapple", and , "strained") is a cocktail made with rum, cream of coconut or coconut milk, and pineapple juice, usually served either blended or shaken with ice. It may be garnished with either a pineapple we ...

: from Spanish ''piña'' (

pineapple The pineapple (''Ananas comosus'') is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuri ...

), and ''colada'', which means strained, from the Spanish verb ''colar'' ("to strain") ;

piñata A piñata (, ) is a container, often made of papier-mâché, pottery, or cloth, that is decorated, filled with candy, and then broken as part of a celebration. Piñatas are commonly associated with Mexico. The idea of breaking a container fille ...

: from piñata ("jug, pot") from Latin ''pinea'', "pine cone." or "birthday batting-pony game for kids" ; piñon or pinyon: from ''piñón'', "pine" ; pinta: from ''pinta'', "he/she/it paints"; also archaic Spanish for ''pintada'', "painted" ;

Pinto Pinto is a Portuguese language, Portuguese, Spanish language, Spanish, Sephardi Jews, Jewish (Sephardic), and Italian language, Italian surname. It is a high-frequency surname in all List of countries and territories where Portuguese is an officia ...

: from ''pintar'', "to paint"; a white horse with a coat "painted" in large patterns of any other color. ; piragua: from Carib language ;

pisco Pisco is a colorless or yellowish-to-amber colored brandy produced in winemaking regions of Peru and Chile. Made by distilling fermented grape juice into a high-proof spirit, it was developed by 16th-century Spanish settlers as an alternative ...

: from ''pisco'', "turkey" ;

placer mining Placer mining () is the mining of stream bed (Alluvium, alluvial) deposits for minerals. This may be done by open-pit mining, open-pit (also called open-cast mining) or by various surface excavating equipment or tunneling equipment. Placer minin ...

: from ''placer'', "sand bank" or "pleasure" ;

platinum Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver". Pla ...

: from ''platina'', "little silver" (now ''platino'') ; playa: from ''playa'', "beach" < latin ''plagea'' ;

plaza A town square (or square, plaza, public square, city square, urban square, or ''piazza'') is an open public space, commonly found in the heart of a traditional town but not necessarily a true geometric square, used for community gatherings. ...

: from ''plaza,'' "

public square A town square (or square, plaza, public square, city square, urban square, or ''piazza'') is an open public space, commonly found in the heart of a traditional town but not necessarily a true geometric square, used for community gatherings. ...

, spot or place" < latin ''platea''. ;

politico ''Politico'' (stylized in all caps), known originally as ''The Politico'', is an American, German-owned political journalism newspaper company based in Arlington County, Virginia, that covers politics and policy in the United States and intern ...

: from Spanish or Italian ''político'' meaning "politician, political agent;" ultimately from Latin ''politicus'' meaning "of citizens or the state, civil, civic," from Greek πολιτικός (

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...

: πολῑτικός) politikos, "of citizens or the state," from πολίτης (plural: πολίτες) ''polites'' ( citizen) from πόλις ''polis'', "city." ;

poncho A poncho (; qu, punchu; arn, pontro; "blanket", "woolen fabric") is an outer garment designed to keep the body warm. A rain poncho is made from a watertight material designed to keep the body dry from the rain. Ponchos have been used by the ...

: from ''poncho'', from Araucanian ''pontho'' meaning "woolen fabric." or "Short of Proper name Alfonso" ;

potato The potato is a starchy food, a tuber of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'' and is a root vegetable native to the Americas. The plant is a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae. Wild potato species can be found from the southern Unit ...

: from Peninsular Spanish ''patata'', itself from ''batata'', " sweet potato", from Taíno and ''papa'', "potato" from Quechua ; potrero: from ''potrero'', archaic term for "tongue of land" ;

pronto Pronto, stylized as PRONTO, is the second-generation contactless payment system for automated fare collection on public transit services in San Diego County, California. The system is managed by the San Diego Association of Governments, operat ...

: from Spanish "soon, prompt" ;

pronunciamento A ''pronunciamiento'' (, pt, pronunciamento ; "proclamation , announcement or declaration") is a form of military rebellion or ''coup d'état'' particularly associated with Spain, Portugal and Latin America, especially in the 19th century. Typol ...

: from ''pronunciamiento'' proclamation, "military

", usually establishing a military dictatorship (often a

) ; puma: from Spanish "cougar, panther", from Quechua ;

pueblo In the Southwestern United States, Pueblo (capitalized) refers to the Native tribes of Puebloans having fixed-location communities with permanent buildings which also are called pueblos (lowercased). The Spanish explorers of northern New Spain ...

: via Castilian ''pueblo'' from Latin ''populus'' ("

people A person (plural, : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of pr ...

") or "Population of Country-side or outskirts".

Q

;

quadroon In the colonial societies of the Americas and Australia, a quadroon or quarteron was a person with one quarter African/ Aboriginal and three quarters European ancestry. Similar classifications were octoroon for one-eighth black (Latin root ''o ...

: from ''cuarterón'', "fourth" ;

quesadilla A quesadilla (; ; Mexican diminutive of ''quesada'') is a Mexican dish consisting of a tortilla that is filled primarily with cheese, and sometimes meats, spices, and other fillings, and then cooked on a griddle or stove. Traditionally, a co ...

: from ''quesadilla'' meaning a traditional Mexican dish made with tortillas and cheese, diminutive of ''queso'', cheese. ; quetzal: from Spanish, from Nahuatl "quetzalli": a group of colourful birds of the trogon family found in tropical regions of the Americas. It also may refer to

Guatemalan quetzal The quetzal (; code: GTQ) is the currency of Guatemala, named after the national bird of Guatemala, the resplendent quetzal. In ancient Mayan culture, the quetzal bird's tail feathers were used as currency. It is divided into 100 ''centavos,'' ...

, the currency of

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

. ;

quinoa Quinoa (''Chenopodium quinoa''; , from Quechua ' or ') is a flowering plant in the amaranth family. It is a herbaceous annual plant grown as a crop primarily for its edible seeds; the seeds are rich in protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins, a ...

: via Spanish ''quinua'', from Quechua ''kinwa'' ;

quinceañera A (also , , , and ) is a celebration of a girl's 15th birthday. It has pre-Columbian roots in Mexico (Aztecs) and is widely celebrated by girls throughout Latin America. The girl celebrating her 15th birthday is a (; gender (linguistics), ...

: from Spanish ''quince años'', literally: "fifteen-year-old-girl"; a girl's fifteenth birthday celebration similar to a "sweet sixteen"; with special rituals in South America. ;

Quixotism Quixotism ( or ; adj. quixotic) is impracticality in pursuit of ideals, especially those ideals manifested by rash, lofty and romantic ideas or extravagantly chivalrous action. It also serves to describe an idealism without regard to practicalit ...

/Quixotic: from fictional character ''

Don Quixote is a Spanish epic novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615, its full title is ''The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha'' or, in Spanish, (changing in Part 2 to ). A founding work of Wester ...

'' as in "

tilting at windmills is a Spanish epic novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615, its full title is ''The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha'' or, in Spanish, (changing in Part 2 to ). A founding work of Western ...

" ;

quirt A quirt is a short whip associated with the Southwestern United States. It often has a braided leather lash. The falls on a quirt is made of leather, usually cowhide. The core of the quirt can be a leather bag filled with lead shot; the main p ...

: from Spanish ''cuarta'' literally: "quarter"; a short horseman's whip, from "one fourth" (of a vara)

R

;

ranch A ranch (from es, rancho/Mexican Spanish) is an area of land, including various structures, given primarily to ranching, the practice of raising grazing livestock such as cattle and sheep. It is a subtype of a farm. These terms are most ofte ...

: from ''rancho'', a very small rural community, smaller than a town; also a very humble dwelling in South American Spanish. ;

reconquista The ' (Spanish, Portuguese and Galician for "reconquest") is a historiographical construction describing the 781-year period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid ...

: from ''reconquista'', "reconquest" ;

remuda A remuda is a herd of horses that ranch hands select their mounts from. The word is of Spanish (language), Spanish derivation, for 'remount' i.e. "change of horses" and is commonly used in the American West. The person in charge of the remuda is ge ...

: from Mexican Spanish ''remudar'', to exchange (horses) ;

renegade Renegade or The Renegade may refer to: Aircraft *Lake Renegade, an American amphibious aircraft design *Murphy Renegade, a Canadian ultralight biplane design *Southern Aeronautical Renegade, an American racing aircraft design Games *'' Comman ...

: from ''renegado'', "turncoat, heretic, disowned" ; rhumba: from ''rumba'' synomyn of Big-Party ; rincon: from ''rincón'', "meadow" or "corner-side" ; robalo: from Spanish ''róbalo'' meaning "bass, sea wolf," a tropical marine game and fish food ; roble: from Spanish ''roble'', "oak tree" < latin ''roboris''. ; rodeo: from ''rodeo'' and verb ''rodear'' (to go around) or "go-after and animal" ;

rumba The term rumba may refer to a variety of unrelated music styles. Originally, "rumba" was used as a synonym for "party" in northern Cuba, and by the late 19th century it was used to denote the complex of secular music styles known as Cuban rumba. ...

: from ''rumba'' or "farra" synomyn of Big-Party

S

;

saguaro The saguaro (, ) (''Carnegiea gigantea'') is a tree-like cactus species in the monotypic genus ''Carnegiea'' that can grow to be over tall. It is native to the Sonoran Desert in Arizona, the Mexican state of Sonora, and the Whipple Mountai ...

: from ''saguaro'', from

Piman Piman (or Tepiman) refers to a group of languages within the Uto-Aztecan family that are spoken by ethnic groups (including the Pima) spanning from Arizona in the north to Durango, Mexico in the south. The Piman languages are as follows (Campb ...

;

salsa Salsa most often refers to: * Salsa (Mexican cuisine), a variety of sauces used as condiments * Salsa music, a popular style of Latin American music * Salsa (dance), a Latin dance associated with Salsa music Salsa or SALSA may also refer to: ...

: from ''salsa'', "sauce" ;

sapodilla ''Manilkara zapota'', commonly known as sapodilla (), sapote, naseberry, nispero or chicle, is a long-lived, evergreen tree native to southern Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. An example natural occurrence is in coastal Yucatán in the ...

: from ''zapotillo'' ;

sarabande The sarabande (from es, zarabanda) is a dance in triple metre, or the music written for such a dance. History The Sarabande evolved from a Spanish dance with Arab influences, danced by a lively double line of couples with castanets. A dance cal ...

: from French ''sarabande'' in turn from Spanish ''zarabanda'' ;

savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to ...

: from ''sabana'', "veld", from Taíno ''zabana'' ; savvy: from Spanish or Portuguese ''sabe'', "knows"; ''sabio'', "wise, learned" < latin ''sapidus'' "with sapience". ; shack: perhaps from Mexican Spanish ''jacal'' meaning "hut", from Nahuatl ''xacalli'' ;

sherry Sherry ( es, jerez ) is a fortified wine made from white grapes that are grown near the city of Jerez de la Frontera in Andalusia, Spain. Sherry is produced in a variety of styles made primarily from the Palomino grape, ranging from light versi ...

: from Old Spanish ''Xerés'' , modern Spanish

Jerez Jerez de la Frontera (), or simply Jerez (), is a Spanish city and municipality in the province of Cádiz in the autonomous community of Andalusia, in southwestern Spain, located midway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Cádiz Mountains. , the c ...

. ; sierra: from ''sierra'', a mountain range ; Sierra Nevada: literally "snowy mountains" ;

siesta A ''siesta'' (from Spanish, pronounced and meaning "nap") is a short nap taken in the early afternoon, often after the midday meal. Such a period of sleep is a common tradition in some countries, particularly those in warm-weather zones. Th ...

: from ''siesta'', "nap", from Latin ''Sexta

ora ORA or Ora may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Ora'' (film), a 2011 experimental dance film * Rita Ora (born 1990), British-Albanian singer-songwriter and actress * ''Ora'' (Jovanotti album), 2011 * ''Ora'' (Rita Ora album), 2012 * "Ora" ...

' "sixth hour" ; silo: from ''silo'' ;

sombrero A sombrero (Spanish , ) is a type of wide-brimmed Mexican men's hat used to shield the face and eyes from the sun. It usually has a high pointed crown, an extra-wide brim (broad enough to cast a shadow over the head, neck and shoulders of the w ...

: from ''sombrero'' (literally, shade maker), "hat" ;

stampede A stampede () is a situation in which a group of large animals suddenly start running in the same direction, especially because they are excited or frightened. Non-human species associated with stampede behavior include zebras, cattle, elephants ...

: from ''estampida'' ;

stevedore A stevedore (), also called a longshoreman, a docker or a dockworker, is a waterfront manual laborer who is involved in loading and unloading ships, trucks, trains or airplanes. After the shipping container revolution of the 1960s, the number ...

: from ''estibador'' (literally, one who stuffs), "ship loader" ;

stockade A stockade is an enclosure of palisades and tall walls, made of logs placed side by side vertically, with the tops sharpened as a defensive wall. Etymology ''Stockade'' is derived from the French word ''estocade''. The French word was derived ...

: from a French derivation of the Spanish ''estocada'', "stab" ; suave: meaning "charming, confident, and elegant" < latin ''suavis'' "sweet".

T

;

taco A taco (, , ) is a traditional Mexican food consisting of a small hand-sized corn- or wheat-based tortilla topped with a filling. The tortilla is then folded around the filling and eaten by hand. A taco can be made with a variety of fillin ...

: from ''taco'', "plug" or from Portugues ''Bat'' ;

tamale A tamale, in Spanish tamal, is a traditional Mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaf. The wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. Tamale ...

: from Spanish ''tamales'', pl. of ''tamal'', from Nahuatl ''tamalli'' meaning dumpling made from corn flour ;

tango Tango is a partner dance and social dance that originated in the 1880s along the Río de la Plata, the natural border between Argentina and Uruguay. The tango was born in the impoverished port areas of these countries as the result of a combina ...

: from Spanish ''tango''. ;

tapioca Tapioca (; ) is a starch extracted from the storage roots of the cassava plant (''Manihot esculenta,'' also known as manioc), a species native to the North Region, Brazil, North and Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast regions of Brazil, but wh ...

: from ''tapioca'', "cassava" ; ten-gallon hat: from Spanish ''tan galán'' meaning "so gallant (looking)"; alternate theory is the gallon of Texas English here is a misunderstanding of ''galón'' meaning braid ; temblor: Spanish for trembling, or earthquake; from ''temblar'', to shake, from Vulgar Latin *tremulāre, from Latin ''tremulus'' ;

tequila Tequila (; ) is a distilled beverage made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila northwest of Guadalajara, and in the Jaliscan Highlands ('' Los Altos de Jalisco'') of the central western Mexican s ...

: from ''tequila'', from the town Tequila, where the beverage originated ;

telenovela A telenovela is a type of a television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America. The word combines ''tele'' (for "television") and ''novela'' (meaning "novel"). Similar drama genres around the world include '' teleserye'' ...

or telenovella: from ''telenovela'', "soap opera" or to some extent "TV-drama-show" ;

tilde The tilde () or , is a grapheme with several uses. The name of the character came into English from Spanish, which in turn came from the Latin '' titulus'', meaning "title" or "superscription". Its primary use is as a diacritic (accent) i ...

: from ''tilde'' from Spanish ' symbol above some vowels ;

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...

: from Spanish (Nahuatl influenced) ''tabaco'', "snuff" ;

tomatillo The tomatillo (''Physalis philadelphica'' and ''Physalis ixocarpa''), also known as the Mexican husk tomato, is a plant of the nightshade family bearing small, spherical, and green or green-purple fruit of the same name. Tomatillos originated i ...

: from Spanish ''tomatillo'', "small tomato" (see

Physalis philadelphica The tomatillo (''Physalis philadelphica'' and ''Physalis ixocarpa''), also known as the Mexican husk tomato, is a plant of the nightshade family bearing small, spherical, and green or green-purple fruit of the same name. Tomatillos originated ...

) ;

tomato The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word ...

: from Spanish ''tomate'', from Nahuatl ''xitomatl'' ;

torero A bullfighter (or matador) is a performer in the activity of bullfighting. ''Torero'' () or ''toureiro'' (), both from Latin ''taurarius'', are the Spanish and Portuguese words for bullfighter and describe all the performers in the activity ...

: from ''toro'', "bull" ;

tornado A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...

: from Spanish ''tronada'', "thunderstorm", influenced by ''tornar'', "to turn" ;

tortilla A tortilla (, ) is a thin, circular unleavened flatbread originally made from maize hominy meal, and now also from wheat flour. The Aztecs and other Nahuatl speakers called tortillas ''tlaxcalli'' (). First made by the indigenous peoples of M ...

: from ''tortilla'', literally "small cake". In Mexico is a type of thin flatbread made of finely ground wheat flour. Now is called "omelet" in Spain ; tostada (toast) and

tostada (tortilla) Tostada ( or ; , ) is the name given to various dishes in Mexico and other parts of Latin America which include a toasted tortilla as the main base of their preparation. The name usually refers to a flat or bowl-shaped tortilla that is deep-fri ...

: from ''tostada'', "toasted" ;

tuna A tuna is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe Thunnini, a subgrouping of the Scombridae ( mackerel) family. The Thunnini comprise 15 species across five genera, the sizes of which vary greatly, ranging from the bullet tuna (max len ...

: from Spanish ''atún'', from Arabic تون ''tun'', from

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

''thunnus'', from

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

θύννος, ''thynnos'' (=tuna fish) ; turista: from ''turista'', "tourist" as either gender M/F

V

; vamoose: from ''vamos'', meaning "let's go" ;

vanilla Vanilla is a spice derived from orchids of the genus ''Vanilla (genus), Vanilla'', primarily obtained from pods of the Mexican species, flat-leaved vanilla (''Vanilla planifolia, V. planifolia''). Pollination is required to make the p ...

: from Spanish ''vainilla'', diminutive of Latin ''vaina'', from ''vagina'' meaning "pod" ; vaquero : from the Spanish word ''vaquero'' ;

vertigo Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

: from the Spanish word ''vértigo'' ;

vicugna ' is a genus containing four South American camelids, the wild guanaco and vicuña, and the domesticated llama and alpaca. Before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, llamas and alpacas were the only domesticated ungulates of the continent. ...

: via Spanish, from Quechua ''wik'uña'' ;

vigilante Vigilantism () is the act of preventing, investigating and punishing perceived offenses and crimes without Right, legal authority. A vigilante (from Spanish, Italian and Portuguese “vigilante”, which means "sentinel" or "watcher") is a pers ...

: from Spanish ''vigilante'', meaning "watchman." < latin ''vigiliā'' "sleepless night, vigil".

W

;

wop ''Wop'' is a pejorative slur for Italians or people of Italian descent. Etymology The Merriam-Webster dictionary states wop's first known use was in the United States in 1908, and that it originates from the Southern Italian dialectal term ''gu ...

: from Italian ''guappone'', from Spanish ''guapo'', "handsome" or "attractive".

Y

;

yerba buena Yerba buena or hierba buena is the Spanish name for a number of aromatic plants, most of which belong to the mint family. ''Yerba buena'' translates as "good herb". The specific plant species regarded as ''yerba buena'' varies from region to regi ...

: from Spanish ''yerbabuena'' meaning "good herb" (infused in Tea which has a Mint smell) < latin ''erbam bonam''

Z

;

Zorro Zorro ( Spanish for 'fox') is a fictional character created in 1919 by American pulp writer Johnston McCulley, appearing in works set in the Pueblo of Los Angeles in Alta California. He is typically portrayed as a dashing masked vigilante w ...

: from Spanish ''zorro'', a

fox Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright, triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ''brush''). Twelve sp ...

, originally "smart" (of Basque origin)

References

External links

Montague, Artur, ''El elemento español en el vocabulario inglés: prolegómenos a una lista.'' AIH. Actas IV (1971). (in Spanish)Online Etymology DictionaryList of English words of Spanish origin
{{English words of foreign origin

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

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